中考宾语从句详细讲解与练习精华简单易懂

1、宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如：Iknowtheman.而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如：Iknowthatthemanisapoliceman.主句引导词从句IamafraidthatyoudonunderstandwhatIsaid.做形容词的宾语）恐怕你没理解我的意思。Hewasdeeplydispleasedbywhathadoccurredthatday（做介词的宾语）那天所发生的事情另他非常不高兴。I.宾语从句的引导词1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，t

2、hat无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如:Myteachersaid(that)Iwasagoodboyfe师说我是个好男孩Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed1 .Thisisabook.2 .Youlikesinging.3 .Heworkedlastnight.4 .Theywillgohome.5 .JimhasbeentoBeijing.6 .Shesingswell.Shedoesntknow(that)sheisseriodsi用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句：1. Iknow2. Shesays(that)3. Tellyourfriend2.当由一般疑问句

3、充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为是否。如:C(1)IsJimagoodstudent?Idontknowih，+kf/hthr-HH.Idontknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句：1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknowif/whether3.Theteacherasks1.Ishereading?2 .Doyougetupatsix?3 .DoesTomworkhard?4

4、.DidyouwatchTV?5 .W川theyreadbooks?6 .Canyousing?注意：只能用whether不用if的三种情况?一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：?与ornot连用：HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings?在介词之后:在不定式之前:Wehaventdecidedwhethtorgothere.Ido

5、ntknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.1. Whatisthis?2. Whatareyoudoing?3. Wheredoyoulive?4. Whendoeshegetup?5. Howdidyougotowork?6. Whowillyouplaywith?+主语+谓语+其他3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。如:Cl.Whatisshedoing?Canyoutellme?Canyoutellmewhatsheisdoing?C2.Wheredoesshelive?Doyouknow?Doyouknowwhereshelives?用以下开头与

6、下列句子连成宾语从句：1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.CanyoutellmeH.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，即：连接词句式连词语序例句陈述句That/、艾Ithinkthatwecanbegoodfriends.一般疑问句if/whether改为陈述语序IcantrememberifIpostedthelette特殊疑问句特殊疑问词改为陈述语序HeaskedwhowasourEnglishteacher.注意事项：（一）当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappeni

7、ng?eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?田.宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应（主现从任意，主过从过去）1 .如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是任何时态Idontthink（that）youareright.Pleasetelluswherewellgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?过去进行2 .如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去的时态（一般过去时，时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Hetoldmethath

8、ewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.特殊情况：1 .从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.2 .从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.即学即练把句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1)

9、 TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.HesaidtheseflowersfromGuangdong.2) Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldmelightfasterthansound.3) Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidntknow.Jackdidntkno_wthereameetinginfivedays.4) CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.IwanttoknowFrench.5) Arethech

10、ildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellmethechildrengames.6) Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaChaoMr.ZhaoaskedMaChaohomeworkyet.7) Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknowsinthepicture?8) Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknowhercar?9) Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegir

11、lwonderedoftenabout.10) Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idontknow.Idontknowatthedoorsoloudly.11) Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idontknow.Idontknowhestillinthatstreet.12) Whatshisname?Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat.13) Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme.14) Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heas

12、kedtheboystheyfriedchicken.15)WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idontknow.IdontknowthewatchmadeinShanghai.单项选择1)Ihopeitwillsnowthiswinter.A.whenB.ifC.whetherD./答案：Dhope后面应该接that引导的宾语从旬，that在句中没有任何意义，可以省略2)IdontknowMr.Greenwillcometoseeus.HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where答案：A从下文的答语看，上文不知道的应该

13、是“来看我们的原因”。3)IcantrememberIhaveseenhimbefore.A.whetherB.whyC.whatD.how答案：A本句表达一种不确定的概念，用whether或if。4)Doyouknow？Imgoingtoseehim.Sorry，Idontknow.A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived答案：C宾语从句要用陈述语气，排除A、B两项。从句意判断问的是“现在住哪儿？5)Wheredoyouthinkhethecompute？rSorry，Ihavenoid

14、ea.A.；boughtB.has；boughtC.did；buyD.does；buy答案：Adoyouthink是插入语，可以把它去掉，分析句意应该用应用过去时态和陈述语序。6)Icantunderstandhelikescomputergamessomuch.A.thatB.whetherC.whyD.where答案：C句意为“我不理解为什么他那么喜欢电脑游戏”。7)(2010北京中考大纲卷)DoyouknowtheMP3playerlastweek?Sorry，Ihavenoidea.A.howmuchdidshepayforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuch

15、shepaidforD.howmuchshewillpayfor答案：C宾语从何要用陈述语序，由此排除A、B两项，由lastweek判断应该用过去时态8)(2010北京中考大纲卷)Idontknowtomorrow.Canyoutellme?A.whenwestartedB.whendidwestartC.whenwewillstartD.whenwillwestart答案：C由tomorrow判断，应该用将来时态表示。经典例题例1Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeperWhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.that

16、B.howC.whatD.if思路解析：注意本句中斜体部分是一本书的名字谁动了我的奶酪，本句含义是个读者问书店管理员这本书是不是有趣。所以答案是D项。答案：D黑色陷阱：本题的主要陷阱是书名WhoMovedMyCheese它本身含有一个who,容易给人造成误解。绿色通道：在英语中，注意书名一般都是斜体的，且书名的首字母是大写的，注意把它看成一个独立的完整的东西。例2IwastoldBillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen思路解析：注意后面从何的含义是比尔盖茨十三岁的时

17、候开始玩电脑”，应该用when表示当时”，本句中的that是宾语从句的引导词。所以选D项。答案：D黑色陷阱：本句结构复杂，主要陷阱设置在when上，它在本句中起到引导后面的时间状语的作用。绿色通道：做此类题，要慢慢理顺思路，不要钻牛角尖，当一种含义说不通时，从另一个角度或另一个含义考虑。例3（2010江苏苏州中考）一Iwonder.Zebras.A.whatdotheycalltheseanimalsB.howtheycalltheseanimalsC.whattheycalltheseanimalsD.howdotheycalltheseanimals思路解析：本句含义是我想知道他们叫这些动物什么，排除B、D两项。另外宾语从句要用陈述语序。所以选C项。答案：C黑色陷阱：本句容易译成他们怎样称呼这些动物”而错选how,注意本句中隐含句型callsb.sth.含义是称呼某人绿色通道：解答本类题首先分析句意，确定引导词，然后看好语序和时态。例4（2010北京中考）Imdifferentfrommytwinsister.Ilovedancingsheisinterestedinreading.A.soB.orC.butD.and思路解析：本句是转折关系，选择C项。答案：C黑色陷阱：本句陷阱在于选项前后都是肯