英语14强调句

1、第十四章强调强调是有效地进行思想交流的重要手段之一。 人们在交际过程中，为了使自己的思想能为听者或读者 恰当的理解，必须突出重要的内容，这就需要运用强调的手段。、强调手段在现代英语中，人们可以通过语音手段、词汇手段、语法手段来进行强调。A. 语音手段在口语中，人们可以根据交流的需要，通过语句重音来对不同的词语进行强调。例如She speaks Englishwell这句话，可以通过语句重音来分别对不同的词进行强调。A Shall we ask Jennifer or Rob in to host the En glish eve ning partyB Of course Jennifer.

2、She speaks English well.重读 She,强调“她”)A Jennifer's been living in Australia for two years.B She speaks English well but her writing is not very good.重读 speaks 强调 “说”)A Jennifer speaks French beautifully.B She speaks English well, too.重读 English，强调“英语”)A Do you think Jennifer is fit for the jobB C

3、ertainly. She speaks English well.重读 well，强调“好”)B. 词汇手段人们常用一些形容词、副词、否定词等词汇手段来加强语气。1 形容词very放在the, this, that或代词所有格my, his等后面,强调后边所修饰的名词。You are the very person I want to chat with.你就是我要聊天的那个人。He is the very picture of his father.他活像他父亲。At that very moment the policemen came. 就在那时警察到了。2. 副词just放在the,

4、 this, that或代词所有格 my, his等前面，强调the, this, that, my, his所修饰的名词。 This is just the book I am look ing for.这就是我在寻找的书。He is just the right person for the job.他就是适合做这份工作的人。3. 用 whatever, whenever, wherever等分别加强 what, when, where等词的语气。 What is left over is yours.剩下来的是你的。-Whatever is left over is yours.剩下来所

5、有的都是你的。When did you find time to do it你什么时候有空做这事？-When ever did you find time to do it你究竟什么时候有空做这事？Where are you goi ng 你到哪里去？-Wherever are you goi ng 你究竟到哪里去？Who can that be那会是谁呢？Whoever can that be那究竟会是谁呢？4. 副词possibly用于否定句或疑问句情态动词 can could 后,加强否定或疑问的语气，有“无论如何，不 管怎样”的意思。We cannot do it.那件事我们不能做。-

6、We cann ot possibly do it.那件事我们无论如何也不能做。He can't forget it.他不会忘记此事。-He can't possibly forget it.他无论如何也不会忘记此事。Could he agree他会同意吗？Could he possibly agree难道他会同意吗？5 副词simply用于加强语气，表示“真正，的确，非常，简直，完全”等意思It is beautiful.这很美。-It is simply beautiful.这的确是美。I can't go such stupid behavior.我不能接受如此愚

7、蠢的行为。I simply can't go such stupid behavior.对这种愚蠢的行为我实在忍受不了。6. 副词out, up, over等加强语气。 副词out放在介词短语的前面，指“较远”的地方，如郊区或远方农村等。I am living in the country. 我住在乡下。-I am living out in the country. 我住在乡下。We will sail to the isla nd.我们将出海前往该岛。-We will sail out to the island.我们将出海远航，前往该岛。 副词up经常与go ,run, walk

8、, come等动词连用，由远及近地“从某处来”，“到某处去”A stra nger came to me and asked the way一 个陌生人向我走来问路。-A stra nger came up to me and asked the way一 个陌生人走到我跟前来问路。Please bring the thi ngs to my office.请把这些东西拿到我办公室来。-Please bring the thin gs up to my office.请把这些东西拿到我办公室来。 副词over经常与go, run, walk, come等动词连用，强调跨越一段距离。I will

9、 go to his office and have a talk with him.我要去他办公室和他谈谈。I will go over to his office and have a talk with him.我要去他办公室和他谈谈。7. 将 on earth, in the world, in heaven, under the sun 等短语放在 what, when, which, who, where, how 等 词的后面，加强语气。When did you send the email to him?你什么时候发的电子邮件给他？-When on earth did you

10、send the email to him?你究竟是什么时候发电子邮件给他的？What do you mea n by say ing so你这么说是什么意思？-What in heaven do you mean by saying so 你这么说至U底是什么意思？Where could he be他可能在哪里？-Where in the world could he be 他究竟在哪里？8. 用反身代词表示强调。You can go there yourself .你自己可以去那里。The preside nt himself will chair the meeti ng.总统将亲自主持

11、这个会议。 I am a stra nger here myself.我自己在这里也是个陌生人。9. much, far, by far, still, even, a great deal, a lo放在形容词或副词比较级的前面，用来加强语气。This buildi ng is much larger than that o ne.这幢楼房比那幢楼房大得多。 His composition is far better than mi ne.他的作文比我的作文好多了。That would be a great deal better.那就更好了注意:by far要放在最高级或带the的比较级前

12、，但如果比较级前面无定冠词，by far放在比较级前后均可He is by far the tallest stude nt in the class.他是班上最高的学生。It is by far the longer river of the two.这是两条河中较长的一条。This is better by far.这个要好多了。10. 用重复某一个单词来表示强调。It's very, very un ki nd of you, is n't it 你非常非常不友善，不是吗？We waited and waited, but nothi ng happe ned我们等来等去

13、，但什么事也没发生。 I have n't see n him for years and years and years我 已经好几年没见至 U他了。11. 用 not a single, not a bit, not simply, by no means等短语来加强否定的语气。 She's n ot in the least angry with me.她一点也不生我的气。I can't speak a si ngle word of Japa nese我就连一个日语单词也不会说。She is by no mea ns dilige nt.她根本不勤奋。比较：_n

14、ot a bit 一点也不(=not at all); not a little 非常(=very much)He was not a bit tired.他一点不累。He was not a little tired.他非常累。12. 用none来表示强调。 1This is none of your bus in ess.这与你丝毫没有关系。He is none of my friends.他决不是我的朋友。B.语法手段1. 通过改变句子结构或颠倒正常语序的手段来进行强调。Happy are those who are con te nt.知足常乐。Never will Chi na be

15、 the first to use nuclear weapo ns.中国决不会第一个使用核武器。Across the river lies a n ewly-built bridge.河上有一座新建的桥。Hero as he is, he still remai ns modest.尽管他是英雄，他仍然很谦虚。2. 用助动词do, does或did来强调谓语动词。Do come early. 一定早点来。He does know Beijing well.他的确熟悉北京。He did tell me about it yesterday.他昨天的确告诉了我这件事。3用修辞疑问句表示强调。疑问

16、句转用作加强语气的陈述句，称之为修辞性疑问句。肯定的修辞疑问句其意义相当于强调的否定 陈述句；而否定的修辞疑问句其意义则相当于强调的肯定陈述句。Isn't it a moder n school 难道这不是一所现代化的学校吗？ (= It is really a moder n school.)Can anyone doubt the truth of his statement 谁能怀疑他陈述的真实性？(二 Surely no one can woulddoubt it.)Aren't you ashamed of yourself 难道你不惭愧吗？ (= You shoul

17、d be ashamed of yourself.)Who does n't know the sun rises in the east 谁不知道太阳从东方升起？ ( = Everyone knows the sun rises in the east.)it引导的强调结构“It is +被强调部分+ thatwho +句子其他部分”是使用最广的强调句型。除了谓语动词不能强调外, 句子中其它成分，如主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语都可以用该句型中加以强调。A.用强调结构强调句子成分1. 强调主语被强调的主语是人时，可用It iswas . thatwho，但如果被强调的部分既包括人又包括

18、物，只能用thatHe bought a camera yesterday.-It was he thatwho bought a camera yesterday是他昨天买了一架照相机。The famous writer and his works have aroused great in terest among the stude nts.-It is the famous writer and his works that have aroused great in terest among the stude nt在学生中引起极 大的兴趣的正是这位著名作家以及他的作品。强调“ I”

19、时谓语动词的变化形式。It is I who am to blame.It is me who is to blame.是我该受到责怪。（非正式文体）2. 强调宾语She helped me yesterday.-It was me thatwhom she helped yesterda y 昨天她帮助的人是我。They ofte n talk about the school and the teachers.-It is the school a nd the teachers that they ofte n talk about他 们经常谈论的是学校和老师。3. 强调宾语补足语We

20、elected him chairma n of the meeti ng.-It was chairma n of the meet ing that we elected him .我们选他是做会议的主席。 We pain ted the wall white.It was white that we pai nted the wall.我们把墙漆成的是白色。4. 强调状语英语中的状语种类很多，一般都可以用It iswas . that .来强调。 时间状语He left his hometown for Taiwan in his tee ns.他十几岁时就离开家乡去了台湾。-It wa

21、s in his teens that he left his hometow n for Taiwa n.他是在十几岁时离开家乡去台湾的。 He let out the secret after the guest had gone away客人走后,他说出了秘密。-It was after the guest had gone away that he let out the secret!：在客人走后，他才说出了秘密。 提示如果强调由notuntil till引导的时间状语时，要注意否定前移。He did n't return to his hometow n un til af

22、ter liberati on.-It was not until after liberation that he returned to his hometown.他是解放后才回到他家乡的。 频率状语He comes to see me once in a while.-It is once in a while that he comes to see me.他现在是偶尔来看看我。 地点状语The car accide nt happe ned in this street yesterday.-It was in this street that the car accide nt h

23、appe ned yesterda昨天就是在这条街上发生了汽车事故。 方式状语They took care of their sick mother by turns.-It was by turns that they took care of their sick mother.他们轮流来照看生病的母亲。 目的状语He got up early to catch the early bus.-It was to catch the early bus that he got up early 是为了赶早班车，他才起得很早的。 原因状语They could not cross the riv

24、er because the water had rise n.-It was because the water had rise n that they could not cross the rivei正 是由于水涨了，他们没有渡过河 去。提示：_在强调结构It iswas .that中，要用because来引导原因状语从句，不用 si nee或a& （见第11章状 语从句） 其他状语The tailor made a suit to my own measure.-It was to my own measure that the tailor made a suit.裁缝是按

25、我自己的尺寸做了一套衣服。 with without复合结构“ with without+名词代词+其他成分”这种结构，也可以放在It iswas . that中，成为被强调的部分。He was wait ing for his son at the gate, with an umbrella in his hand.-It was with an umbrella in his hand that he was waiting for his son at the gate.他是手里拿着一把伞在门 口等待着他的儿子。She felt very n ervous, with the teac

26、her sta nding beside her.It was with the teacher sta nding beside her that she felt very n ervous .是有老师站在她旁边，她才感至 U 很紧张的。B .强调句与定语从句、状语从句等其他句型的区别有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句 结构特点来进行判断，如能去掉It was .that .后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。It was at the railway station that we first met 16 years ago.是在火车站我

27、们16年前第一次相逢。（强调句，强调地点状语 at the railway station）It was the railway station where we first met 16 years ago.这是我们16年前第一次相逢的火车站。（定语从句，where是关系副词，在定语从句中做地点状语）It was in this street that the car accide nt happe ned the other day.前几天发生汽车事故的就是在这条街上。（强调句，强调地点状语in this street）It was this street where the car ac

28、cide nt happe ned the other day.这是前几天汽车事故的那条街。（定语从句，where是关系副词在定语从句中做地点状语）It was at midni ght that he got home yesterday.他昨天是半夜到家的。（强调句，强调时间状语at mid ni ght）It was midni ght whe n he got home yesterday.昨天他到家时已是半夜。（when引导的是时间状语从句，it是代词，指时间）C. 强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句1. 强调句的一般疑问句基本句型是：IsWas + it + that +句子其他成分？

29、Did he see you in the office just now?-Was it in the office that he saw you just now?他见你的地方是在办公室吗？Does he ofte n go to the libraryIs it to the library that he ofte n goes他经常去的地方是图书馆吗？2. 强调句的特殊疑问句的基本句型是：特殊疑问词+ iswas + it + that +句子其他成分When did you first go to the Great Wall?-When was it that you firs

30、t went to the Great Wall?你究竟什么时候第一次去长城的？Where did you go last ni ght-Who was it that told you about it究竟是谁告诉你这件事的？Why did you keep sile nt at the meet ing？Why was it that you kept silent at the meeting你究竟为什么在会上保持缄默？3. 含有情态动词强调句的疑问句结构： 一般疑问句基本句型是：情态动词或助动词 +it+be+被强调的部分+that+句子其他成分？Could he be killed at home 他是在家被杀的吗？-Could it be at home that he was killed 他被杀的地方会是在家里吗？Might she leave her keys in the office也许她把钥匙丢在办公室了-Might ti be in the office that she left her keys？也许她把钥匙丢在办公室了 特殊疑问句基本句型是：特殊疑问词+情态动词或助动词+it+be+that+主语+句子其他成分Where might the accide nt happen-Where might it be