人教版必修五unit5单词知识点教案

1、Unit 5 First aid1. aid n. vt.帮助；援助；资助 with the aid of 在的帮助下 inaidofsth/sb.以支援或帮助某物/某人be a great aid tosb对某人有极大的帮助come to one ' s索解助某人 first aid急救 aid sb in sth/doing sth在某方面帮助某人aid sb to dosth 帮助某人做某事aid sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人(1) We recollecting money in aid of cancer research.(2) He aided me in b

2、usiness/with money.(3) My professor aided me to continue my study.(4) This new medicine may aid your recovery.(5) A dictionary is an invaluable aid in learning a new language.(6) We re collecting money in aid of cancer research.(7) He aided me in business/with money.(8) This new dictionary is a grea

3、t aid to me.(9) He was too busy to come to my aid.(10)They are collecting money in aid of rare-earth research.(11)With the aid of a compass, the traveller can find his direction.(12) Thank you for aiding me in/with the work.2. fall ill 生病；病倒 fallasleep 睡着 fallsilent 安静下来 fallinlovewith 爱上fall to pie

4、ces 崩溃 fall down 摔倒 fallbehind落后，落在 后fall off质量下降；跌落；减少 fallover倒下；摔倒(1) She had to stay at home because her son fell ill.(2) They fell in love with each other at first sight.(3) It took him a long time to fall asleep.(4) Babies often fall down when they learn to walk.(5) His mother has been ill for

5、 a month.(6) I must have fallen asleep because it took me a long time to realize that the telephone was ringing.(7) He fell asleep while watching TV .(8) He didn t want to fall behind others in his studies.(9) Having been working too hard in the last few months, he fell ill suddeny.3. injury n. c,u损

6、伤；伤害 do an injury to对造成伤害injure vt.伤害；损伤 injured adj.受伤的；受损伤的the injured 伤员；受伤的人injure 强调对身体的伤害，多指在意外事故或天灾中受伤，有时也用于指对精神的伤害。wound 指战争中刀或枪造成的创伤、伤口。hurt 指一般的肉体伤害，尤指精神或感情上的伤害。harm 指精神或肉体上的极大伤害，多用于有生命的东西，也可用于抽象事物、如健康、权利、事业等。(1) He survived in spite of suffering serious injuries.(2) Your words do an injur

7、y to the little girl.(3) After the big earthquake, the injured had no access to the medical rescue immediately.(4) I hope I didn t hurt her feelings.(5) You must be very strong to be a firefighter, or you might not be able to carry the injured.(6) Peter was wounded in the war. After leaving the army

8、, he was injured by a car, which harmed his job. Shortly afterwards his wife died. He was hurt badly and got mad.(7) The driver of the car received serious injuries to the legs and arms.(8) The experience left me with a deep hurt.(9) He had a bullet wound in his chest.(10) Two soldiers died and thre

9、e others were wounded in the attack.4. poison n.毒药；毒害vt.使中毒；下毒于；毒杀 poison one' mind 毒害某人白W想poison sb to death 毒死某人poisonous adj.有毒的 poisoningn.中毒poisoned adj.下了毒的；浸了毒的(1) The violent videos poison the minds of the young.(2) Bitten by a snake, Mary was soon poisoned to death.(3) This kind of plan

10、t has poisonous roots.(4) He said that someone had poisoned his food.(5) She was so desperate that she killed herself by poison.(6) His dog was poisoned to death.(7) Their minds have been poisoned by money.5. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.as 引导非限制性定语从句，as 代替后

11、面整个句子的内容，在定语从句中充当imagine 的宾语。as 引导非限制定语从句时，常在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，从句可位于主句的前面、后面或插在主句中间。as 常用于以下结构引导非限制性定语从句: as was said earlier;as is known to all=as we allknow;as is reported; as we had expected;as everybody can see;as is mentioned above; as is often the case as/which 引导非限制定语从句时，可指代主句中的部分或整个句子的内容，在从句中作主语

12、、宾语或表语。从句位于主句之后时，(注意是从句在后面时)as和which有时可以互换。as和which引导非限制性定语从句有如下区别：as 有 “ 正如 ”的含义，常用的结构有：as we know;as often happens;as is often the case;as we all see;as is/wasannounced/expected/known/imagined/mentioned/said/shown/reported 等。这些结构可放主句之前，也可放在主句之中或者之后。 which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后，可用介词+which 引导定语从句。从句含否

13、定意义要用which 引导。(1) As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.(2) As was expected, he failed in the exam.(3) As is known to all, China is a developing country.(4) Beijing, which he was born in, is our capital.(5) Kate was late for school, as often happens.(6) As is known to all, fish can

14、 t live without water.(7) Air is a mixture of gases, of which oxygen forms 21%.(8) He wasn t unconscious, as could be judged from his eyes.(9) He said he had passed the exam, which was untrue.(10)He didn t say anything at the meeting, as/which seemed very strange.(11)The travel agency, with which ou

15、r company has been dealing for several years, has set up new branches.(12) She told me she won the match, which was a lie.(13) The material is plastic, which/as is shown in the figure.( 图案 )(14)My brother enjoyed playing basketball,which he really plays well.(15)Li Ming is late, as is often the case

16、.(16)Li Ming was late, which made Mr. Zhang very angry.(17)He married her, which was unexpected.6. varietyu变化；多样化c各种各样；不同种类 vary v.改变；变化；使多样化 vary from to从到不等；在到之间变动；vary with 随而变动 a variety of=varieties of=various 各种各样的； 不同种类的 a variety of+复数名词用作主语，谓语要用复数；the variety of+ 复数名词用作主语，谓语要用单数。(1) We need

17、 variety in our diet.(2) Variety is the spice of life.(3) People change their mind for a variety of reasons.(4) Prices vary from one shop to another.(5) The hotel offers its guests a wide variety of amusements(6) There are a wide variety of flowers in the park.(7) As in China, the climate in Canada

18、varies from area to area.(8) He has collected a large number of coins of various shapes and colors.(9) We grow a variety of crops, including cabbages, wheat and potatoes.7. swell vi. & vt. swelled,swollen使膨胀；隆起；使增加 swell up 膨胀，肿胀 swell out 鼓起，凸出 swell with 心中充满swollen adj.肿胀的(1) The sails swelle

19、d (out) in the wind.(2) He pulled his sock carefully over his swollen ankle.(3) If you put it into water it will swell.(4) Her arm was beginning to swell up where the bee had stung her.(5) Her heart swelled with happiness.(6) Last year s p rofits were swollen by a fall in production costs.8. Remove

20、clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. If necessary=if it is necessary ; if so 如果是这样的话ifever 如果曾经有的话，如果发生过的话if not 如果不的话if any 如果有的话(1)If (it is) necessary, you can ask him for help.(2)David seldom asks his father, if ever, for help when in trouble.(3)Please correct my

21、mistakes if any(=if there is any mistake).(3)There is few useful books, if any.(4)If it is necessary' m sure to go there at once.(5)Drop that gun! If not, you' ll be sorry.(6)Some of you may have finished Unit One.If so, you can go on to Unit Two.9. squeeze vt. vi. 榨； 挤； 压榨 squeeze out 榨出； 挤

22、出 squeeze from 从榨取 squeeze ouof 从中挤出/榨出 squeeze through挤着通过 squeeze sth into 将某物挤成 squeeze one' s way开另1J人通过； 挤过You need to squeeze the lemon onto the salad.(2)Tom took off his wet clothes and squeezed the water out.(3)The dog squeezed through the small hole in the wall.(4)It took some ingenuity

23、( 精巧； 心灵手巧的独创性)to squeeze all the furniture into the little room.(5)The lemon looks dry to me,but you may be able to squeeze out a few drops.(6)To most Chinese children,a dictionary means another reference book to squeeze into an already weighty school bag.A group of people were trying to squeeze th

24、rough the narrow corridor( 走廊).(8)I had to squeeze my way through the crowd.10. over and over again 反复； 多次 表示 乙次又一次地； 反复地 “短语还有： again and again; over and over; time and (time) againI ' ve warned you over and over again not to do that.(2)He says the same old thing again and again.(3)You need to

25、practice them over and over again.(4)Children are forgetful and must be told time and time again how to behave.(5)If he isn ' t sure about something, he will ask the same question time and time again until he is sure about it.11. in place在适当的位置；适当 in one ' s plac人的位置上out of place不合适；不在适当的位置

26、in the first place首先；第一 in place of 代替 take the place of 代替 take place 发生没有被动语态 give place to 让位给take one ' s place替；就位，就职She has a habit of having everything in place.(2)The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks out of place in the

27、garden of a traditional home.(3)We felt out of place in their company.( 陪伴)(4)Do you think the Internet can take the place of newspapers?(4)You would not say that if you were in my place.(5)In the first place, he has enough money to buy his son a big house.(6)The proposal was not quite in place, so

28、we rejected it.Houses and factories gave place to open fields as the train gathered speed.(8) I ' ll take the placef Mr. Lin to speak here.12. vitaladj.至关重要的；生死攸关的be of vital importance 至关重要的 be vital to 对很重要 It is vital to do sth做是很重要的It is vital that是十分重要的(that从句中要用虚拟语气，即谓语用should+动词原形 should可

29、以省略)The government saw the introduction of new technology as vital.(2)So, reporting is vital for the work environment.(3)Good nutrition is vital to any living thing.(4)It is vital that every piece of equipment be checked before the experiment.(5)Interest is as vital to learning as the ability to und

30、erstand, even more so.(6)I ' ll struggle through/throughout until pay day.It is absolutely vital that the matter should be kept secret.Improving the purchasing power of urban and rural residents is vital to strengthening home demands.(8)It is vital that the work should be finished in time.13. po

31、ur vt. vi倒；灌；注；涌；不断涌向；下大雨 pour into涌进，倒入 pour out of从中涌出来 pour down (雨)倾盆而降 pour out倾诉 pour cold water on给泼冷水，使扫兴Blood was pouring from the wound.(2)Several mountain streams(小溪)pou门nto the pool.(3)She watched the rain pouring down the windows.(4)The fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly.(5)

32、I ' ve poured coffee into your cup by mistake.(6) Don' t pour cold water on the idea; it may be just what we need. He picked up the bag and poured the sand out of it.(8)The river pours into the sea.14. whether+to do whether or 或者或者, 是还是(1)She could not decide whether to send him to hospital

33、or not to send him to hospital.(2)She hasn ' t decided whether to accept his help.(3)I didn ' t know whether to go there then.(4)Whether he drives or takes the train, he' ll be here on time.(5)Whether we go to your place or stay here, we' ll still need to find something to eat.(6)I k

34、now how to solve the problem.The question whether we ought to call in a specialist or not was answered by the family doctor. (8)Will you advise me whether to accept his suggestion or not?15. be doing sth. When 正在7正要做某事，这时/那时突然 when相当于and then/and at that time.前面的分句谓语动词常用过去进行时后面分句的谓语动词多用一般过去时。类似的短语be

35、 about to do - when-; be just going to dowhen-;be on thepoint of doing when;had just done即whWS( 这时突然)(1)I was playing computer games when electricity was cut off.(2)We were about to telephone you when your telegram arrived.(3)I was on the point of going out/I was about to go out when the telephone r

36、ang.(4)I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson cut in.(5) He was going to run away, when the policemen came.(6)The children were playing football on the playground, when it began to rain.The coach was just on the point of giving up the game when our team scored two points.(8)I had just finished

37、my homework when my mother asked me to help her clean the house.(9)Lily was about to study when someone knocked at the door.(10)She was going to open the window and shout at the dog to frighten it, when she stopped and stood quite still.1 6.It is/was th很强调句型，其中is/was后可强调除谓语以外的其他句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语、状语等。It

38、强调句型的be只有时态的变化没有数的变化；强调人可以将that改为who;被强调的部分如果是原句的主语，谓语动词在人称和数上和原句的主语保持一致；强调句型的一般疑问句结构为be it - that/who特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词+be itthat？;notunti结构的强调句It be not until that What is it that he wants to see?(2)It was not until yesterday that I knew it.(3)It was yesterday that I met John in the street.(4)It was ha

39、rd work rather than luck that determined his success.(5)When was it that you met your old friend?(6)It was in the hotel where he stayed that we had a talk.17 . a number of许多；大量；若干修饰可数名词的还有 a great/good many; quite a few ;many a/more than one+单数名词+单数谓语动词 修饰不可数名词：a good/great deal of;a large/great amo

40、unt of; amounts of 既修饰可数又修饰不可数名词：a lotof;lots of;plenty of;a large/great quantity of;quantities of( 无论可数坏是不可数谓语用复数 )A great number of computers were bought in by the company.(2)I spent a great deal of money on this project.(3)I have bought quantities of flour.(4)A number of well-qualified teachers h

41、ave left the school recently.(5)A number of students in our class come from the countryside;the number of them is forty.(6)Many a student finds it hard to land an acceptable job after graduation.18 . put one ' s hands-on； by hand亲自，手工；at hand接近；in hand在手中，在控制中；hand in hnad手拉手，关联密切；on one hand on

42、 the other hand方面另方面；hand down 把传递下来；hand in呈上； 递交；hand over移送； 移交；hand out 分发Your remarks do not bear(bear on 与有关)on the matter in hand.(2)He finally put his hands on his lost keys.(3)We shall hand out these written statements to the reporters. (4)Soon school will end and the summer vacation will b

43、e at hand.(5)If I put my hands on that boy, he' ll be sorry.(6)On one hand I want to sell the house, but on the other hand I can t bear the thought of moving.(7)He has too much work in hand to go picnicking with us.(8)Don t worry about it.The situation has been well in hand.19 .treat vt.治疗；对待；款待

44、n.款待；招待 treatlike/as把当作看待treat sb. Well/badly 对某人好/不好one' s trea#客 treat sb/oneself to sth用某物招待 做待某人treatment n.对待；治疗(1)They shouldn t treat their mother in this disrespectful way.(2)Tomorrow I ll treat myself to a day s gathering.(3)She was cooking fish as a treat.(4)She treated each of the chi

45、ldren to an ice-cream.(5)I decided to treat his remark( 话 ) as a joke.(6)They treat their children very badly.(7)All visitors to this village are treated with kindness.(8)He took us to the cinema as a treat.(9)The patient has the right to refuse treatment.(10)He is seriously ill,and is being treated

46、 in hospital now.(11)I can give you some medicine to treat your headache.(12)Don t be nervous.I ll trseamtyyobuesat friend.(13)We have known each other fro a long time,but she treats me badly.20 .apply vt.用手压；涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用 apply for申请，请求；apply to sb for sth向某人申 请某物；apply to适用于；apply oneself to致力于，集中精力于； be applied to致力于，应用于；apply sth to把某物涂到 , 把某物应用到 applicant申请人；application申请，申请书，适用，应用(1)Can Chinese students apply for this scholarship?(2)Students should apply themselves to their study.(3)Beijing residents are now able to apply for the cellphone for their school going kids