初三英语第12讲：unit 6 语法篇(学生版)

1、.Unit 6语法篇_理解并掌握动词不定式的用法动词不定式1. 动词不定式的构成不定式的根本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否认形式是not+to+动词原形。2. 动词不定式的句法功能功能例句说明主语To speak English is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to speak English. 讲英语对我们来说不容易。作主语用的不定式，常常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。表语My work is to clean the room everyday.=To clean th

2、e room every day is my work. 我的工作就是每天清扫这间屋子。多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换作为主语。宾语What sports does he like to play?他喜欢做什么运动？He likes to play basketball.他喜欢打篮球。只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。宾补My mother made me play the piano all the time. 我妈妈让我一直弹钢琴。在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官动词后，不定式省略to。定语Have you got anything to say? 你

3、有要说的吗？不定式作定语，要放在所修饰词的后面。状语I'm sorry to trouble you.表原因很抱歉，给你添费事了。I went to the library to study English.表目的不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。1.不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末,其构造为：It+be+adj.+ for/ of sb.+动词不定式例如：To learn English well is useful. It is useful to learn English well. 学好英语是有用的。 Its importa

4、nt for us to protect the environment. 对于我们来说，保护环境是重要的。注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。例如： Its very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。 Its very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真是太聪明了。2. 不定式作宾语 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, e

5、xpect等。例如：Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗？ 在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。例如：I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语很容易。 常见的一些不带to的动词不定式Why not do., Why don't you do., had betternotdo., would rather do, could/would/will you pleasenotdo.例如：I would rather

6、stay in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。3. 不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。例如：Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 露西让他关小收音机。tell, ask, want, allow, get, warn, would like, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如：My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。注意：一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感feel、二听hear, liste

7、n to、三让let, make, have、四看look at, see, watch, notice。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。例如：My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss. 老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。4.不定式作定语不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。假如是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。 There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担忧的。5.不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, h

8、ow连用，相当于一个宾语从句。例如：The teacher is telling the students what to do. 老师正告诉学生们做什么。 He didn't know where to go. 他不知道去哪里。1. We hope _the Great Wall next time. A. visit B. to visit C. will visit D. visiting2. Mum always tells us_water in daily life. A. to waste B. not to waste C. not to save D. save3.

9、-Do you climb the mountains every day?- Yes, _a little exercise. Im so out of shape. A. getting B. get C. got D. to get4. She was very glad_her old friend again. A. to see B. seeing C. saw D. see5. He has _study hard, but he didnt keep it. A. promised B. promises to C. promised to D. promises6. The

10、policeman warned the children _on the busy street. A. dont play B. no playing C. not to play D. play7. The news made all of us _. A. feel happy B. to feel happy C. feeling happy D. felt happy 根底演练一、单项选择1. The teacher told the children_quiet in the museum. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep 2. Don

11、t forget _thanks when other people help you. A. accept B. to accept C. say D. to say3. Water Park is a good place_. A. to have fun B. have fun C. having fun D. to have a fun4. Drivers shouldn't be allowed _after drinking, or they will break the law. A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. driven5. -I

12、 feel a bit hungry now. -Why not _for dinner with us? A. go B. did you go C. to go D. do you go二、根据句意，用括号中动词的适当形式填空1. Tom_ _ _hard. decide; study2. Alice is_ _ _ a new car. plan; buy3. We _him some books yesterday. agree; lend4. She often_us _ shopping with her. ask; go5. The teacher always _the stu

13、dents _ a lot in class. make; laugh稳固进步一、根据句意用所给单词的恰当形式填空1. She worked hard_help a lot of people.2. Im sorry _hear that bad news.3. He was made_clean the street three times a day.4. To give is better than_receive.5. I cannot find room_standin the bus in the rush hour.二、根据中文提示完成句子1. 河水过去很脏，但是如今很干净。 T

14、he river_dirty. But its very clean now.2. 他很自豪能成为一名篮球运发动。 He is_. 3. 他太兴奋了以致于说不出话来。 He was_excited _say a word .4. 如今城市里越来越多的成年人花费空闲时间到大学去努力进步自己。 Now more and more city adults_improve themselves at college.5. 幸运的是，他母亲很耐心，没有放弃帮助他。 _, his mother was very _and didnt _.6. 我们正方案去北京，但还没有决定何时去。 We are_Beij

15、ing, but we havent _.7. 由于昨晚外面太吵，我们都发现很难入睡。 Because it was too noise last night, we all found_.8. 他在听力方面有障碍。 He_.9. 多么令人悲伤的消息啊！数以千计的人在尼泊尔地震中丧生。 _sad news! _people _ in the earthquake in Nepal.10. 姚明的人格帮助他赢得了球迷的尊重。 Yao Mings personality _him _.一、单项选择1. Dick asked his brother_him to do his homework. A

16、. helps B. helped C. to help D. has helped2. We don't know _ it next. Lets go and ask Mr. Li. A. what to do B. to do what C. whether to do D. to do whether 3. Its twelve oclock. Its time_lunch. A. have B. to have C. had D. having4. My dad usually stops _a newspaper on his way after work. A. to b

17、uy B. buying C. bought D. buy5. Our teacher often tells us _enough sleep every day. A. have B. had C. to have D. having6. He was wearing a pair of sunglasses and I didnt _ him at first. A. advise B. promise C. recognize D. hear7. _the teachers in the school is one hundred, and_of them are women teac

18、hers. A. A number of; four fifth B. The number of; four fifth C. A number of; four fifths D. The number of; four fifths8. Thanks to the robots, the human reporters do not have to spend a lot of time_ boring numbers and information. A. processing B. to process C. processed D. process9. I hope_the far

19、m this summer holiday. A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visits10. The building_Tony talked about is the Capital Museum. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 二、完形填空Parents can be a great example for their children. A man always stands out on different corners of our city. He holds a sign that 1 “Will

20、work for food for my family. 2 I dont have too much money to help him. Many times my mom is with me and she makes me pull over停车 and she will 3 him some money.Tonight, I was on my way to the store to get 4 when I saw the man. My daughter and her friend were waiting in the car. We all felt so 5 that

21、this man was standing out in the cold, wet weather. Many people say that he should be able to work. Either way, I dont feel it is my place to 6 . As I was sharing that feeling with my daughter and her friend, I decided that I needed to 7 this man. For one I wanted to show the girls the importance of

22、 helping others, and not worrying whether they were trying hard or not.I believe that if he is standing out on different corners all day and night, 8 the weather is, he must really need the help.So, when we pulled over to give him some money, I said, “God bless you, and he said it back to us. We got

23、 him a hot chocolate and a hamburger because we were worried about him being 9 . He was so sweet and very thankful.All of us left with smiles, especially me! Because, as we were pulling away, the girls were talking about ways they could 10 money to help him and others like him. It was the best trip

24、I had ever made to get milk!1. A. writesB. notices C. reads D. calls2. A. Normally B. Gradually C. Curiously D. Luckily3. A. lend B. hand C. promise D. allow4. A. chocolateB. hamburger C. breadD. milk5. A. comfortable B. dangerous C. awful D. strange6. A. park B. live C. sit D. judge 7. A. leave B.

25、help C. refuse D. teach8. A. whatever B. however C. wherever D. whenever9. A. helpless B. eager C. tired D. cold10. A. raise B. borrow C. lose D. waste_一、单项选择1. -Have a nice trip!-Thanks. Ill call you as soon as I _there.A. will arrive B. was arriving C. arrive D. arrived2. -Your English is so good.

26、-Thank you. I _it since I was six years old.A. learn B. have learned C. will learn D. learned3. I_ the newspaper and didnt find anything interesting.A. looked through B. looked after C. tried on D. tried out4. -What are you looking for?-My car key. Idont remember _yesterday.A. where will I put it B.

27、 where did I put itC. where I put it D. where I will put it5. -_I ask you a question, Mr. Green?-Yes, please.A. Must B. Should C. Need D. May    附：单项选择1-5,  北京市西城区20192019学年度第一学期期末试卷九年级英语二、阅读理解AHave you ever heard the saying “Dont rest on your laurels? “Laurels means the achievem

28、ents 业绩 you have already got. The saying suggests that you shouldnt be so satisfied with your achievements that youll no longer try to improve. As to this saying, Mike Perham has set 树立 us a good example. Mike Perham was born in 1992 in Hertfordshire, England. Mike started sailing 航行 at the age of s

29、even. When he was 14 years old, he sailed across the Atlantic Ocean, he became the youngest person to sail across the Atlantic Ocean. You might think the achievements are good enough, but Mike doesnt think so. At the age of 17, he became the youngest person to sail all by himself around the world on

30、 a nine-month voyage 航海. Mike is now 19, and he is still trying his best to break the records and push himself further. For his next dream, he plans to fly around the world on his own, making him the first person of all ages to both sail and fly around the world. Mike wants his achievements to encou

31、rage young people to realize their dreams. Since his adventures, he has travelled widely, and he gives speeches at schools and youth 青年 clubs in the UK, Hong Kong and Australia on the theme 主题 of “Live the Dream.1. Where was Mike born? A. In America. B. In England.C. In Hong Kong.D. In Australia.2.

32、When did Mike sail across the Atlantic Ocean? A. At the age of 14.B. At the age of 17. C. At the age of 19.D. At the age of 7. 3. Whats Mikes new dream? A. He plans to fly around the world.B. He wants to fly to the Atlantic Ocean. C. He plans to give speeches at schools.D. He wants to join youth clu

33、bs.4. What did Mike encourage young man to do? A. To travel in the world.B. To get great achievements. C. To realize their dreams. D. To set others a good example.BA mother wanted to encourage her son to play the piano. She bought tickets to the concert of a great pianist. When the evening arrived，t

34、hey found their seats near the front of the concert hall and looked at the big piano waiting on the stage舞台. Soon the mother found a friend to talk to and her son ran off. At eight oclock, the lights in the hall became weak, and the concert was set to start. The mother began to look for the boy. The

35、n, she saw her 6-year-old son on stage. He was on the piano bench playing Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star.The mother was very amazed. Before she could get her son back, the famous pianist himself was on the stage and quickly moved to the piano.“Dont stop. Keep playing, he said kindly to the boy. The gr

36、eat pianist reached down with his left hand and began filling in the bass 低音部 part of the song. Soon, his right arm reached around the other side and played a beautiful piece of music. Together, the old pianist and the little boy impressed people with their beautiful music.In all of our lives, we re

37、ceive helping hands some we notice, some we dont. Equally we ourselves also have lots of chances to give a helping hand to others sometimes we want people to know, sometimes we dont. Little of what we all achieve comes without others help. What we receive we should give back.5. The mother took her s

38、on to the piano concert because _.A. her friend sent them two ticketsB. the pianist invited them thereC. she wanted to develop his interest in pianoD. her son liked the pianist very much6. When the mother found her son playing on stage, she felt _.A. happy B. encouraged C. interested D. surprised7.

39、What did the pianist ask the boy to do?A. To go back to his mother. B. To keep playing the piano.C. To play the bass part of the song. D. To watch him play instead.8. What does the story tell us?A. It is good to give a helping hand to others.B. Great people always like to help others.C. It is import

40、ant to give a child a lesson on stage.D. A mother should take good care of her child.COn March 3, 1887, the lives of two amazing women were changed forever when Anne Sullivan, a poor university graduate, arrived at the home of the wealthy Keller family to teach their six-year-old daughter Helen. It

41、was a difficult job as Helen was unable to see, hear or speak because of illness. Anne had been suggested to the Kellers by her university professor, a close friend of Mr. Keller. Before she arrived, Anne expected her new pupil to be a quiet, weak child. But Helen was nothing like tha

42、t. When Anne first walked through the Kellers door, the energetic Helen nearly knocked her over in her hurry to feel Annes face, clothing and bag. Helen was used to visitors bringing her sweets, and angrily tried to force open Annes case to take her candy. But Anne calmed her dow

43、n by allowing Helen to play with her watch. So began one of the most successful student-teacher relationships in history. Anne Sullivan was only twenty years old when she began teaching Helen. She had to not only teach the child all the usual school subjects, but also control Helens s

44、ometimes wild behaviour. Her well-meaning parents allowed Helen to do as she liked at home. Realizing that such an environment was unsuitable for learning, Anne requested that she and Helen live in a small house nearby. As soon as Helen began learning, it became clear that she was especially intelligent. She quickly learned to read and write, and by the age of ten she could also speak. In 1900, Helen started studying at Radcliffe University, and graduated first in her cla