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1、四六级备考:超有效写作提高技巧离英语四、六级考试还有不到十天的时间,在这段短暂而又宝贵的时间里,如何有效而又合理地准备四、六级写作,如何在考场上最好地临场发挥,对于同学们来说是至关重要的。复习策略 列举几种能有效提高考英语写作水平的方法,供大家参考。背诵四、六级写作需要在30分钟内完成一篇短文,共计120或150余字,这对很多考生来说颇有难度。但试想若将其改为中文作文,大家就会觉得易如反掌。原因何在?俗话说:“熟读唐诗三百首,不会做诗也会吟。”很多考生从小到大背诵了大量中文佳作,因而可以将其随意组合,自由输出。然而,在英语学习中,很多人却只沉溺于记单词、抠语法、做阅读,很少有人背诵英文文章,殊

2、不知背诵是提高英语综合能力的法宝,因而考生平时应注意多积累经典的英文词汇、句型和范文。也有些考生反映自己背过很多英文文章,但上了考场大脑还是一片空白,什么都想不起来。这种情况很常见,主要有两个原因:一是没有进行造句的工作,只是盲目背诵;二是背得不够熟练。学习任何东西都讲究先求“质”,再求“量”。大家英语学了很多年,文章看了很多,为什么写作还是学不好?主要原因是只“量”,没重“质”。一篇文章应背到脱口而出的程度,如果还需要过脑子,就证明背得不够熟练。若只是半生不熟,背得再多也是徒劳。默写背完经典范文后,还要进行默写,然后对照原文纠错,弄清楚错在什么地方。默写的好处在于它让你发现常被自己忽略的一些

3、容易犯错的小地方,如拼写、单复数、大小写等。这些错误正是考生们写作中的弱点,也是阅卷老师最不能容忍的地方。培根说过:“写作使人精确”。只有默写下来,你才会发现自己常犯哪些错误。中译英中译英练习也是提高写作的好方法,也就是根据范文的中文译文,将其按照自己的理解译成英文。译完后,你就会发现自己的翻译和原文有很大的出入,这些差距就是取得写作高分的关键。这时,对照范文,看看原作者是怎么写的,思考为什么这么写;同样的一句中文,范文中使用了哪些词汇和句型,你使用了哪些词汇和句型,然后对照学习范文中词汇和句型的多样性。相信通过不断练习,你的写作水平会在不知不觉中有所提高。模仿所谓模仿指的就是模仿范文,套用范

4、文的精彩词汇、句型、句子和框架。最初套用时可能比较生硬,但只要不断积累和练习,套用起来会越来越顺手。临场注意事项印象原则和阅卷老师的“三眼”在人际交往过程中,第一印象至关重要,四、六级写作也不例外。阅卷老师要在短时间内批阅上千份试卷,目光在每份试卷上平均停留的时间只有几分钟甚至几十秒钟,要想在这么短的时间里抓住其眼球,给其留下良好的印象,难度可想而知。所以考生应该进行换位思考,为阅卷老师,也为自己的分数着想,首先要把字写工整。通常,阅卷老师看“三眼”即可打分。以2007年12月四级作文“选修课”为例:第一眼看你是否把字数写够,不够则会扣分;同时看文章是否是三段(四级写作一般以三段为宜),是否“

5、两头小中间大”(第一、三段较短,第二段较长)。第二眼看第一段是否进行现状说明,第一句是否有“各大学开设了各种各样的选修课”之类的话;第二段是否进行原因列举,第一句是否有“学生由于各种原因选择了不同的选修课”之类的话;第三段是否进行举例论证,是否有“以我自己为例”之类的话。如果文章符合上述要求,则证明没有跑题。第三眼是扫描和查看,主要是看文章中是否有明显的错误。同时,老师会随意读一两句,敲定最后分数,因而使用得当的经典句型,会给阅卷老师留下极好的印象,有助于考生取得高分。语言第一位四、六级写作重点考查考生的英语表达能力。阅卷老师最重视的是语言,考生最需要提高的也是语言能力。有的考生以为使用一些高

6、难词汇就能取得高分,其实不然。中英文写作都讲究“简洁就是美”、“绚烂之极,归于平淡”。美国作家海明威经常使用小学词汇,但他是诺贝尔文学奖的得主,可见语言的好坏不在词藻的华丽与否,而在于使用是否得当。中学词汇用好了,也可以取得各种英语写作考试的高分。当然,基础较好的考生,恰当使用高难词汇的确有助于提高分数,但是不要盲目追求难度,与其写一个错误的复杂句,不如写一个正确的简单句。四、六级考试对写作的话题、观点和字数都有严格限制,它是一个展示考生英语书面表达能力的平台。考生应该把构思的时间减到最少,把主要精力放在推敲语言上,力争将语法、拼写、标点类的低级错误降至最低,力求遣词用句准确恰当,表达地道。这

7、样,即便没有使用高难词汇和句型,也可以保证稳得及格分数。切记作文不是口语,语言永远第一,它决定了得分高低。阅卷老师在语言方面主要从两个方面进行评判:1.基本正确四、六级考生写作的最大问题不是写得太简单,而是文章中错误太多。考生最常犯的语言错误有三类:语法、拼写、标点。最常犯的语法错误包括:时态、冠词、主谓一致、名词单复数等。2.丰富多变基础较好的考生,要想取得四、六级写作高分,应做到语言上的丰富多变。丰富多变主要体现在词汇和句型两方面。同一词语在一句话、一个段落乃至一篇文章中最好不要重复出现,应尽量使用同、近义词替换(无法替换的关键词除外)。例如:think可以替换为reckon, assum

8、e, argue等词。此外,句型也应富于变化,不要拘泥于“主谓宾”句型,可以使用“主系表”、过去分词和现在分词短语作状语、不定式短语作状语、状语从句等多种句型。四级作文如果量化成句数,只需写十句左右;六级只需12句左右。全文应以短句为主,长短句相结合。所谓短句是指十个词左右的句子,不能全篇都是五六个词的短句。同时,全文应有一定数量的长句,一般1520词即可,太长则显冗赘。有的考生以为只写长句不写短句,就能取得高分,实际上老师看长句会觉得很累,写长句又容易出错,反而不易得高分。其实一篇好的作文应当是长短句相结合,难易度相适宜。精炼的短句可以放在段首表示强调;复杂的长句可以进行具体的论证、举例或描

9、述。六级写作有七项基本原则 一、 长 短 句原则.不要一味想写长难句,写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 如此可见,长短句结合,很好。强

10、烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。 二、 主 题 句原则。国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!所以一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让阅卷者一目了然,必会平安无事!特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句

11、). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. 三、 一 二 三原则 。领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) 2)firstly, secondly, thirdly,

12、 finally(不推荐,原因:俗) 3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) 4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) 5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) 6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) 7)first and foremost, besides, last but not le

13、ast(强烈推荐) 8)most important of all, moreover, finally 9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)。 四、 短语优先原则。写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,不好。相反,如果发现亮点精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: I cannot bear it. 可以用短

14、语表达:I cannot put up with it. I want it. 可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. 这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。 五、 多实少虚原则。原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice,good,这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, 之类的形象词。再比如: 走出房间,general的词是

15、:walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room ; 老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room 所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 。1)考试时,同学们都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子有先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: Not only is t

16、he fur coat soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短语可以用: besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover 2)转折(拐弯抹角)批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多

17、的短语: despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding (adv. 虽然,尽管prep. 纵使conj. 虽然)3)因果。描述一件事情的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! The snow began to fall, so we went home. 更多短语: then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this

18、 reason, so that 4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重),必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。举例:This is what I can do. Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: When to go, Why he goes away 5)附加(多此一举)。那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 The man whom you met yesterday is a friend o

19、f mine. I dont enjoy that book you are reading. Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 其实很简单,同位语-要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 6)排比(排山倒海句)文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! Whethe

20、r your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize

21、 our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) 要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则。既然是挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. Africa is the second largest co

22、ntinent, its size being about three times that of China. 如果可以些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! 英语六级考试作文布局的八种常用句型一)原因 1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem).2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.

23、The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that.4. The factors that contribute to this situation include.5. The change in .largely results from the fact that.6. We may blame .,but the real causes are.7. Part of the explanations for it is that .One of the most common factors (causes ) is that .Another

24、 contributing factor (cause ) is .Perhaps the primary factor is that But the fundamental cause is that二)比较1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that.4.It is reasonable to

25、maintain that .but it would be foolish to claim that.5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.A bears some resemblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10. A and B differ in severa

26、l ways.11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12. People used to think ., but things are different now.13. The same is true of B.14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.15. It is true that A . , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are .三)批驳1)It is true that ., but one vital

27、point is being left out.2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3) Some people say ., but it does not hold water.4) Many of us have been under the illusion that.5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6) It makes no sense to

28、 argue for .7) Too much stress placed on . may lead to .8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that .9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that .四)后果1. It may give rise to a host of problems.2. The immediate result it produces is .3. It will exercise a profound influence upo

29、n.4. Its consequence can be so great that.五)举例1) A good case in point is .2) As an illustration, we may take .3) Such examples might be given easily.4) .is often cited as an example.六)证明1) No one can deny the fact that .2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.3) Unfortunately, none of the available

30、 data shows .4) Recent studies indicate that .5) There is sufficient evidence to show that .6) According to statistics proved by ., it can be seen that .七)开篇1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of .2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3) Recently the phenomenon has become

31、a heated topic.4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among .5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over .6) Never in our history has the idea that . been so popular.7) Faced with ., quite a few people argue that .8) According to a recent survey, .9) With the rapid development of .八)结尾1) Fr

32、om what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that .2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop .3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to .4) In conclusion, it is imperative that .5) There is no easy method, but .might be of some help.6) To solve the above-menti

33、oned problem, we must .7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.10) Taking all these into account, we .11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing

34、 is certain/clear. 英语四六级考试作文实用佳词妙句30例想在四六级考试中写出好文章,用词是非常重要的一个环节。词汇使用得当,不仅使文章更生动,也是评分时的加分亮点。以下提供考试三十组考试中可频繁使用的词汇及例句可替代你现有的普通词汇,可以瞬间点亮平淡无奇的文章。 1.individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的),promising (有希望的),perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换

35、good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语,可以有be less impressive替换eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their aca

36、demic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注:用many, if not most 一定要小心,many后一定要有词。Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that.同理 用most, if not all ,替换most.5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think (因为是书面语,所以要加that)7:affair ,business ,matter 替换thing8: shared 代 common9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits )10

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