新概念英语第二册第20课

1、Lesson 20 One man in a boat 独坐孤舟Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything - not even old boots. Afte

2、r having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 'You must give up fishing!' my friends say. 'It's a waste of time.' But they don't realize one important thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat

3、and doing nothing at all!New words and expressions 生词和短语catch v. 抓到 fisherman n. 钓鱼人，渔民 boot n. 靴子 waste n. 浪费realize v. 意识到参考译文钓鱼是我特别喜爱的一项运动。我经常一钓数小时却一无所获，但我从不为此烦恼。有些垂钓者就是不走运，他们往往鱼钓不到，却钓上来些旧靴子和垃圾。我的运气甚至还不及他们。我什么东西也未钓到过 - 就连旧靴子也没有。我总是在河上呆上整整一上午，然后空着袋子回家。“你可别再钓鱼了！”我的朋友们说，“这是浪费时间。”然而他们没有认识到重要的一点，我并不是真

4、的对钓鱼有兴趣，我感兴趣的只是独坐孤舟，无所事事！1. One man in a boat 独坐孤舟2. Fishing is my favourite sport. 钓鱼是我特别喜爱的一项运动。1) fishing 动名词做主语2) favourite (BrE)(AmE favorite) feivrit adj., n.adj. liked more than others of the same kind特别受喜爱的，最喜欢的：(无比较级和最高级)e.g. 这是我特别喜欢的电影之一。Its one of my favorite movies.谁是你最喜欢的作家？Who is your

5、favorite writer?n.1. a person or thing that you like more than the others of the same type特别喜爱的人(或事物)：e.g. 我尤其喜爱这首歌曲。This song is a particular favorite of mine.2. a person who is liked better by sb. and receives better treatment than others受宠的人；得到偏爱的人：e.g. 她爱所有的孙子孙女，但最宠安。She loved all her grandchild

6、ren but Ann was her favorite. 她最受姑姑的宠爱。She is a favorite with her aunt./She is her aunts favorite.3. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. 我经常一钓数小时却一无所获，但我从不为此烦恼。1) fish fi n., v. n. (pl. fish or fishes) fish是通常的复数形式，较古老的形式fishes可用于表示不同种类的鱼。(1. fish 鱼 pl. 单复数同

7、形 2. fishes 指不同种类的鱼)1. c 鱼e.g. 他们捉到了几条鱼。They caught several fish.他们那天早上钓到很多鱼。They caught many fish that morning.他研究印度洋里的鱼类。He studies the fishes in the Indian Ocean.热带/海/淡水鱼 tropical trpikl /marine/freshwater fish (marine m'ri:n adj. obn 海的；海产的；海生的 freshwater adj. obn 1.淡水中生长的 2. 淡水的)鱼群 shoals (

8、=groups) of fish (shoal l n. 1. 鱼群 2. 浅滩；水下沙洲 )鱼缸/池 a fish tank/pond (tank tæk n. (贮放液体或气体的)箱，槽，罐 pond pnd n. 池塘(尤指人工的) )a big fish in a small pond (字面意思：一个小池塘里的一条大鱼) 山中无老虎，猴子称霸王=When the cat is away, the mice will play. (当猫不在，老鼠玩得自在)teach fish to swim 班门弄斧 drink like a fish 牛饮(很能喝水)a fish out

9、of water 离水之鱼；在陌生环境不得其所的人like a fish out of water 如鱼离水an odd / a queer fish (old-fashioned, BrE) a person who is slightly strange or crazy奇怪的家伙；古怪的人；有些荒唐的人(queer kwi adj. 奇怪的；反常的 )2. u the flesh of fish eaten as food鱼肉e.g. fried fish 煎鱼，炸鱼 fresh fish 鲜鱼 salted fish 咸鱼 smoked fish 熏鱼(salt s:lt n. u 盐

10、；食盐 vt. usually passive 在(食物)中放盐)fish and chips n. u (大众快餐) (BrE) 炸鱼加土豆条；炸鱼薯条e.g. Some people eat fish on Fridays. 有些人在星期五吃鱼。(天主教的人习惯在星期五吃鱼代替吃肉表虔诚)v. 1. vi. (for sth) to try to catch fish with a hook huk, nets, etc.钓鱼；捕鱼：e.g. 你可以在这条小溪钓鳟鱼。You can fish for trout in this stream.我喜欢钓鱼。I like fishing./I

11、enjoy fishing./I am fond of fishing./I am keen on fishing.(be keen on sth./doing sth. 渴望；热切；热衷于做某事)(trout trat n. c, u (pl. trout) 鲑；鲑鳟鱼；鳟鱼) (stream stri:m n. 小河；溪 )2. (go fishing) to spend time fishing for pleasure钓鱼；捕鱼：e.g. 咱们这个周末去钓鱼吧。Lets go fishing this weekend.去游泳 go swimming 去购物 go shopping 3.

12、 vt. to try to catch fish in the area of water mentioned在捕鱼(或钓鱼)e.g. 他们在湖里钓鱼。They fished the lake for fish.混水摸鱼 fish in troubled waterPhrv. fish for sth. to try to get sth., or to find out sth., although you are pretending not to旁敲侧击地打听；转弯抹角地谋取fish for fame and compliments (kmplimntn. 1. c 赞扬；称赞2. (

13、compliments) pl.问候；致意；祝贺) 沽名钓誉fish for information转弯抹角地打听情况2) without wiðaut prep., adv.prep. (含否定含义) 可放在句首，句尾 prep.+n./v.-ing/pron.1. not having, experiencing or showing sth. 没有；缺乏：e.g. 没有你的帮助我无法修理这车。I cant repair the car without your help. (名词作介词宾语) 没有你我活不下去。I cannot live without you. (代词作介词宾

14、语)没有水鱼活不了。Fish cannot live without water. (名词作介词宾语)2. (sb.) doing sth. not doing the action mentioned不(做某事)；无；没e.g. 他们企图不付账就离开餐馆。They tried to leave the restaurant without paying.我不是想要批评谁，只是认为你本可以做得更好一些。Without wanting to criticize, I think you could have done better.动名词作介词宾语，要注意是在前后主语一致的情况下，如：e.g.

15、他一句话也没说就走了。He went out without saying anything.= He went out and he didnt say anything.= He went out without saying any wordsadv. not having, or showing sth. 没有；缺乏：e.g. 你要不要带洗澡间的房间？Do you want a room with a bath or one without? 我相信我们能凑合的。Im sure well manage without.3) catch kæt v., n. (caught k

16、:t, caught)1. vt. to stop and hold a moving object, esp. in your hands接住；截住；拦住：e.g. I jumped up to catch a ball and fell over.我跳起来接球，结果摔了个跟头。(fall v. fell, fallen fall over vi. 跌倒；摔倒) She managed to catch the keys as they fell.她接住了掉下来的钥匙。 你能接住球吗？Can you catch the ball?2.vt. usually + adv./prep. to t

17、ake hold of sb./sth.抓住；握住：e.g. 她试图从他身边挤过去，他一把抓住了她的胳膊。He caught hold of her arm as she tried to push past him.汤姆抓住小偷的胳膊。Tom caught the thief by the arm.3. vt. to capture a person or an animal that tries or would try to escape逮住；捕捉；捕获：(capture kæpt vt. to catch a person or an animal and keep them

18、 as a prisoner or in an enclosed space俘虏；俘获；捕获 )e.g. 钓鱼，捕鱼 catch fish 抓住小偷 catch a thief警察已逮住那个小偷。The police have caught the thief.这个杀人犯一直未被抓到。The murderer (m:dr谋杀犯)was never caught. 你捕到几条鱼？How many fish did you catch?Where did you catch the fish? 这条鱼你在哪儿逮的？4. to find or discover sb. doing sth., esp

19、. sth. wrong撞见，当场发现(某人做坏事)：catch sb. doing sth.抓住/撞见某人正在做某事e.g. vn-ing 我撞见她在浴室里吸烟。I caught her smoking in the bathroom. 那个小男孩正从园子里偷苹果的时候被抓住了。 The little boy was caught stealing apples from the garden.vn + adv./prep. 偷窃时被当场抓住的窃贼 thieves caught in the act 你现在来找我可不是时候。Youve caught me at a bad time (=at

20、 a time when I am busy).5. vt. to be in time for a bus, train, plane, etc. and get on it乘坐；搭乘；赶上(公共汽车、火车、飞机等)：e.g. 我想赶8点19分的火车去伦敦。I want to catch the eight nineteen (train) to London. -你没有赶上火车吗？Havent you caught the train?-没有，我刚好错过。No, Ive just missed it.我得走了我要赶火车。I must goI have a train to catch.赶公

21、共汽车 catch the bus 错过公共汽车 miss the bus6. vt. to get an illness得病；染疾：e.g. The more stress you are under, the more likely you are to catch a cold.压力越大，越有可能患感冒。catch a cold 患感冒 (强调动作本身) have a cold 感冒 (强调状态 表正患感冒呢，正处于感冒的状态)7. vt. sbs interest, imagination, attention, etc. if sth. catches your interest,

22、etc., you notice it and feel interested in it引起，激发(兴趣、想像、注意等)吸引某人的注意attract ones attention / draw ones attention /catch ones attention = attract sbs eye / draw sbs eye / catch sbs eye (固定搭配)e.g. My shoes caught his attention.我的鞋子引起了他的注意。她挥手以吸引（引起）我的注意。She waved her hand to attract/catch my attention

23、. 8. vi. & vt. to begin to burn烧着；着(火)：e.g. catch fire 着火(强调动作，指火着起来) be on fire 着火(强调状态，正在燃烧)谚语：The early bird catches the worm. 捷足先登。(早起的鸟儿有虫吃。)当catch表抓到时，同义词区分：grab ræb v. 抓起，抢夺，热切或拼命地抓snatch snæt v. 抢夺，突然而迅速地抓起arrest rest v. (依法)逮捕capture kæpt vt. to catch a person or an anima

24、l and keep them as a prisoner or in an enclosed space俘虏；俘获；捕获 trap træp v. 设陷阱捕捉grasp r:sp v. 握紧，抓住 表握紧、抓住的结果seize si:z v. 握紧，抓住 表握紧、抓住的结果IDM:1. catch your breath1) to stop breathing for a moment because of fear, shock, etc.(由于恐惧、震惊等)屏息，屏气2) to breathe normally again after running or doing some

25、 tiring exercise(跑或剧烈运动后)歇口气2. catch it (BrE) (AmE catch hell, get it) (spoken) to be punished or spoken to angrily about sth.受罚；受斥责：(通常与will等连用)(hell hel n. 1.地狱2.u 苦难的经历；悲惨的境况 3.该死，见鬼)e.g. 要是你老爸知道了，你非挨骂不可！If your dad finds out youll really catch it!如果我回家晚了，我妈妈会骂我。If I come home late, Ill catch it

26、from my mother. 3. catch sb. red-handed to catch sb. in the act of doing sth. wrong or committing a crime当场抓住；现场捕获Phr.v. 1. catch on to become popular or fashionable (fænbl adj. 流行的；时髦的)受欢迎；流行起来；变得时髦：e.g. 他发明了一种电动汽车，但这种车从未真正流行起来。He invented an electric car, but it never really caught on.2. catc

27、h up (with sb.) (BrE also catch sb. up)1) to reach sb. who is ahead by going faster赶上，追上(某人)：e.g. 你先走吧，我很快会追上你的。Go ahead, please. Ill soon catch up with you.2) to reach the same level or standard as sb. who was better or more advanced赶上，达到(某水平)：e.g. 他因病休学一学期，不得不努力学习好赶上别的同学。 After missing a term thro

28、ugh illness he had to work hard to catch up with the others.(through prep. by means of; because of以；凭借；因为；由于)n. 1. c 接(球等) e.g. 接球 to make a catch 2. c 总捕获量 e.g. 捕获大量的鱼 a huge catch of fish3. c 扣拴物；扣件 e.g.门闩；吊扣 a catch on the door4. c, usually sing. 隐藏的困难；暗藏的不利因素 5. u (儿童)传接球游戏catchphrase kætfr

29、eiz n. 名言；流行口号；时兴的话4) worry wri v., n. v. (worries, worrying, worried, worried)1. (about/over sb./sth.) to keep thinking about unpleasant things that might happen or about problems that you have担心；担忧；发愁：e.g. v 不必担心。我们有很多时间。Dont worry. We have plenty of time. 别为我担忧。我会没事的。Dont worry about me. Ill be a

30、ll right.v (that) 我担心自己进不了大学。I worry that I wont get into college.2. sb./yourself (about sb./sth.) to make sb./yourself anxious æks about sb./sth.使担心；使担忧；使发愁e.g. 我的小女儿令我担心。My little daughter worried me a lot.vn 使我发愁的是如何再找到工作。What worries me is how I am going to get another job.vn that 他还没有回家，这叫

31、我放心不下。It worries me that he hasnt come home yet.3. vn sb. (with sth.) to annoy or disturb sb. 骚扰；烦扰；使不安宁：e.g. 这噪音似乎从不让她厌烦。The noise never seems to worry her.别老用许多愚蠢的问题打扰他。Dont keep worrying him with a lot of silly questions.IDM: not to worry (informal, esp. BrE) it is not important; it does not matt

32、er别担心；不必发愁；没关系：e.g. 别着急，我很快就能把它修理好。Not to worryI can soon fix it.n. (pl. -ies) 1. u the state of worrying about sth.担心；忧虑；发愁 synonym: anxiety ænzaiti e.g. 愁得要命 to be sick with worry2. c (about/over sth.) / (for/to sb.) something that worries you 令人担忧的事；让人发愁的事：e.g. 唯一令我担忧的是 My only worry is that

33、worried adj. (about sb./sth.) / (by sth.) /(that) thinking about unpleasant things that have happened or that might happen and therefore feeling unhappy and afraid担心的；担忧的；发愁的 e.g. 我担心我的小女儿。I was worried about my little daughter. 尽量别担忧。Try not to get worried. 我还担心你不来呢。I was worried you wouldnt come.a

34、dv. worriedlyworrying adj. that makes you worry令人担忧的；令人发愁的：e.g. 令人担忧的发展 a worrying developmentadv. worryingly be worried about sth. = be anxious (very worried) about sth. 对感到焦虑/担心4. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. 有些垂钓者就是不走运，他们往往鱼钓不到，却钓上来些旧靴子和垃

35、圾。1) fisherman fimn n. (pl.-men) a person who catches fish, either as a job or as a sport渔民；钓鱼的人2) instead of prep. in the place of sb./sth.代替；作为的替换：(可放在句首或句尾)instead of 后面加名词、代词、动名词作介词宾语e.g. 现在我可以步行去上班，而不必开车了。Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.没有钓到鱼，那些不幸的渔夫钓到一些旧靴子和垃圾。Instead of catching

36、 fish, the unlucky fishermen catch old boots and rubbish. The unlucky fishermen catch old boots and rubbish. instead of catching fish.男士穿的是短袜而不是长袜。Men wear socks instead of stockings.我去购物了而没有做作业。I went shopping instead of doing homework.instead insted adv. in the place of sb./sth.代替；顶替；反而；却(单独使用时一般出

37、现在句尾)：e.g. If you dont want a holiday in England, why dont you go to Australia instead? 如果你不想在英国度假，那你为什么不去澳大利亚呢？杰克病了，所以我去了。Jack was ill so I went instead.3) boot bu:t n. 1. a strong shoe that covers the foot and ankle and often the lower part of the leg靴子：e.g. (BrE) walking boots 便靴 a pair of black

38、leather leð boots一双黑皮靴 cowboy boots牛仔靴2. (BrE) (AmE trunk trk) the enclosed space at the back of a car that you put bags, cases, etc. in (汽车后部的)行李箱e.g. 我去把行李放进行李箱里。Ill put the luggage in the boot.have ones heart in ones boots (心沉到了靴子里面)指极为悲欢消沉相似短语：have ones heart in ones mouth 极为恐惧boots 长筒靴 rub

39、ber boots 橡胶长靴 running shoes 跑鞋 leather shoes 皮鞋platform shoes 厚跟鞋 (platform plætf:m n. 1. 站台；月台 2. 厚鞋底)sandals sændl n. 凉鞋loafer luf n. 懒汉鞋；平底便鞋sneakers sni:k n. (AmE)=trainers tren运动鞋；(平时穿的)便鞋slippers n. 室内便鞋；拖鞋 tennis shoes 网球鞋 moccasin mksn n. 莫卡辛软皮鞋(原为美洲土著所穿)，软帮皮鞋shoelace u:les n. 鞋带

40、sole sul n. c 鞋底；袜底 (sole adj. obn 仅有的；惟一的) heel hi:l n. 鞋跟 high-heeled shoes高跟鞋v. vn+adv./prep. to kick sb./sth. hard with your foot猛踢phr.v. boot sb. out (of sth.) (informal) to force sb. to leave a place or job赶走；解雇4) rubbish rbi n. u 1. (esp. BrE) things that you throw away because you no longer

41、want or need them垃圾；废弃物：e.g. 一堆垃圾 a pile of rubbish / a heap of rubbish 垃圾袋/桶 a rubbish bag/bin 生活垃圾 household rubbish (pile pail n. 1. c 摞；沓2.c 堆；成堆的东西 3. c of sth (informal) 许多；大量 heap hi:p n. 1. (of sth.) (凌乱的)一堆；2. usually pl. (informal) 许多；大量bin bin n. (BrE) 垃圾箱 )2. (BrE, informal)(also used as

42、 an adjective也用作形容词)something that you think is of poor quality劣质的东西：e.g. 我觉得这部戏很差! I thought the play was rubbish!3. (BrE, informal) comments, ideas, etc. that you think are stupid or wrong废话；瞎说synonym: nonsense n. 谬论；胡扯；胡言乱语e.g. 瞎说！你并不胖！Rubbish! Youre not fat! 别说废话了！Dont talk rubbish!garbage :bid

43、n. u 1. (esp. AmE) waste food, paper, etc. that you throw away (生活)垃圾；废物：e.g. 垃圾收集 garbage collection 2. (esp. AmE) a place or container where waste food, paper, etc. can be placed垃圾场；垃圾箱；垃圾桶：e.g. 把它扔到垃圾箱里去。Throw it in the garbage.3. (informal) something stupid or not true废话；无聊的东西 synonym: rubbishga

44、rbage can (AmE)=dustbin 垃圾桶garbage man (also formal garbage collector) (AmE)=dustman (BrE) 垃圾工；垃圾清洁工garbage truck (AmE)=dustcart (BrE) 垃圾车refuse refju:s n. u (written) 废弃物；垃圾5. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything - not even old boots. 我的运气甚至还不及他们。我什么东西也未钓到过 - 就连旧靴子也没有。1) even adv.1. (强调出乎意料

45、)甚至，连，即使：e.g. 他根本没打开过那封信。He never even opened the letter.就连小孩子也能理解。Even a child can understand it.2. (用以加强比较)甚至；更，愈加，还：e.g. 她甚至比她姐姐还聪明。Shes even more intelligent than her sister. 我是更加不幸运。 I am even less lucky.2) less是little的比较级，意为“不及”、“不如”、“更少”、“更不”(消极比较级)：更加幸运 more lucky 更加不幸运 less lucky1) A is les

46、s +原级 than B A 比 B更不e.g. 我比以前更不愉快/更痛苦。I am less happy than before.这个故事比那个更无聊。This story is less interesting than that one.2) not as/soas不及；不如e.g. 我没以前那么愉快。(现在不一定不快乐) I am not so happy as before.这个故事没那个有趣。(也许这个也很有趣)This story is not so interesting as that one.3) with可以表示“有的”、“持有的”、“随身带着”等：e.g. 那个带伞的男

47、人是谁？Whos the man with the umbrella?那个留胡子的男人是谁？Whos the man with the beard?带着那个小男孩的女人是谁？Whos the woman with the little boy?with an empty bag伴随状语 指带着空袋子回家6. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 我总是在河上呆上整整一上午，然后空着袋子回家。1) After (prep.) having spent whole mo

48、rnings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.After (conj.) I have spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.after prep., conj. 当且仅当从句主语与主句主语一致时，才可省略作after doinge.g. 说完晚安之后，这个小男孩睡觉去了。After saying Goodnight, the boy went to bed. / After the boy said Goodnight, th

49、e boy went to bed. 学生们交完试卷之后，老师走了。After the students handed in their papers, the teacher left. (本句主从句主语不一致，不可省略成after doing形式)2) spend (sb.) spend time/money/energy on sth.花费时间、金钱、精力在某事上面(sb.) spend time/money/energy (in) doing sth.花费时间、金钱、精力来做某事7. 'You must give up fishing!' my friends say.

50、 'It's a waste of time.' “你可别再钓鱼了！”我的朋友们说，“这是浪费时间。”1) give up 放弃；停止干某事e.g. 不要再钓鱼了；停止钓鱼 give up fishing 戒烟give up smoking 放弃作斗争 give up fighting (动名词作介词宾语)2) its / its (its是主系表结构，its是形容词性物主代词)e.g. 天很冷。Its a cold day. 天在下雨。It is raining. The cat drank its milk. 猫把它的牛奶喝了。This engine has los

51、t its power.这个发动机失去了动力。3) waste weist v., n., adj.vt.1.sth (on sth.) / sth. (in) doing sth. to use more of sth. than is necessary or useful浪费；滥用e.g. 不要浪费你的时间、金钱以及精力。Dont waste your time, money and energy.一切努力都被浪费了。All the efforts were wasted.为什么浪费钱买你不需要的衣服呢？Why waste money on clothes you dont need?你

52、跟他解释是在浪费时间。Youre wasting your time (in) trying to explain it to him.(=because he will not understand).2. usually passive to not make good or full use of sb./sth.未充分利用；使屈才：e.g. 这白白浪费了一次机会。It was a wasted opportunity.你当销售经理屈才了，你本应该做演员。Youre wasted as a sales manageryou should have been an actor.IDM: 1

53、. waste your breath to say sth. that nobody takes any notice of白费唇舌(breath n. 1. u 呼吸的空气2. c 一次吸入的空气 3. of sth. (fml) 微量；迹象)2. waste not, want not (saying 谚语) if you never waste anything, esp. food or money, you will always have it when you need it勤俭节约，吃穿不缺(不浪费，就不缺乏)(尤指食物或钱) =If you never waste anyt

54、hing, youll never lack it.Phr.v. waste away (of a person人) to become thin and weak, esp. because of illness (尤指因病)变得瘦弱；(人、体力)衰弱n. 1. u, sing (of sth.) the act of using sth. in a careless or unnecessary way, causing it to be lost or destroyed浪费；滥用：e.g. 我憎恨不必要的浪费。I hate unnecessary waste.多么浪费纸啊！What a

55、 waste of paper!go to waste 变成废物e.g. 我不愿看到好好的食物被扔掉。I hate to see good food go to waste (=be thrown away).2. sing. a situation in which it is not worth spending time, money, etc. on sth.白费；糟蹋：a waste of 对的浪费 这简直在浪费时间。Its a waste of time. 这是对钱的浪费。Its a waste of money. 这是在浪费感情。Its a waste of feeling. 这

56、是在浪费食物。Its a waste of food.3. u (also wastes pl.) materials that are no longer needed and are thrown away废料；废物；弃物；垃圾e.g. 家庭垃圾；工业废料 household/industrial waste(household haushuld adj. 家庭的 / n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所房子的人 industrial indstril adj. 1. 工业的；产业的 2. 用于工业的)4. (wastes) pl. (formal) a large area of land where there are very few people, animals or plants人烟稀少的地区；荒芜地区；荒原：IDM: a waste of space (spoken) a person who is useless or no good at anything无用的人；干什么都不行的人；废物；饭桶adj. usually before noun1. not suitable for buildi