初三年级定语从句宾语从句

1、WORD格式整理第十一讲 定语从句跳语从句(一)、定义：在复合句中，修饰 某一名词或代词 的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.Do you know everybody who came to the party?I still remember the night when I first came to the village?This is the place where Chairman Mao

2、once lived.The man who lives next to us is a policeman.You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的manffi everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行 词的后面。引导定语从句的词有 关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用12、3、(二)、关系代词引导的定语从句1. who指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from C

3、lass One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way .2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about .注意：关系代词whomft口语和非正式语体中常用 who代替，可省略。(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most

4、 boys . ( which在句子中做)(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday . ( which 在句子中做 )4. that 指人时，相当于 who或者whom指物时，相当于 which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主语 )(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning ?(在句子中做宾语)5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句

5、中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor .(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in .whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow ?=Do you lik

6、e the book is yellow?(三)、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词：when与where、why、在从句中作状语。先行词指时间 when = in / at / on / during whichI will never forget the days when/on which we stayed in the summer holiday.I will never forget the days that we spent in the summer holiday 先行词指地点 where = in / at / from / whichThe factory where/

7、in which we worked 3 years ago is missing now.The factory that /which we visited 3 years ago is missing now.先行词指而因 why = for whichThe reason wh y/for which you didn ' t come to school is funny.The reason which/that you explained me is unbelievable.【总结】:一、关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。如:代替人代替物代替人或物

8、主 语whowhichthat宾 语whom/ whowhichthat定 语whose (= of whomwhose (= of which)1 .This is the doctor who came from London.2 .The book which /that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.3 . The desk whose leg is broken is very old.4 . This is the room that/which Shakespeare was born in.二、使用关系代词时应心目以下几点： 只

9、能用that 的情况：1 .如果先行词是 all 、anything 、 something 、 nothing 、 everything 、 little 、 none 等不定代词、关系代词一般 只用that、不用 which。例如： All that are present burst into tears.2 . 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first 、 last 、 any、only 、 few、much no, some,very 等词修饰,关系代词常 用that 、 不用 which。例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be

10、 forgotten.3 .先行词被only, no, any, all, 等词修饰时。例如：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.4先行词是序数词或被序数词 修饰的词。例如：He was the second person that told me the secret.5.先行词中既有人又有物 时,关系代词应该 用that 。例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.(二).which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替

11、主句所表 示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中， which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数 情况下意思与and this相似。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.三）.“介词+关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。等，关系此结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to, at, of, without代词常常 只可用 whomlR which, 不可用 that。例如：The room in which t here

12、 is a machine is a workshop.像 listen to , look at , depend on , pay attention to , take care of 等固定短 语动词，在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.一、 典型例题( )1、 -Do you know the man is talking with your father?-Yes, he 's our headmaster.A. he B. who C. which D. whom( )2、The

13、girl is reading under the tree my sister.A. which ； isB. whom; wasC. who； isD. who; was( )3、Have you seen the film Titanic actors are very famous?A who B whose C that D whom( )4、Ann asked the policeman he worked to contact him whenever there was anaccident.A with him B with whom C who D whom( )5、A c

14、hild parents are dead is called an orphan.A which B his C whose D with( )6、This is the reason he told me.A、thatB 、why C 、on which D 、for that( )7、Do you know the scientist gave us a talk just now?A. whoB. whomC. whichD. whose( )8、This is the dictionary Mum gave me for my birthday.A. whichB. whatC. w

15、hoseD. whom( )9> Shaolin Temple lies in the west of Zhengzhouwelcomes the visitorsboth at home and abroad.A. where B. which C. who D. what( )10、- Do you know the girl is standing under the tree?She is my little sister.A. who B. whom C. whose D. which【中考范例】1.(2004年哈尔滨)-Does the teacher know everyb

16、ody planted the trees?-Yes, he does. A. which B. whose C. where D. who2 . (2004 年常州市)The letter I received from him yesterday is very important.A. who B. where C. what D. that3 .(2004 年扬州市)-Where is the scientist gave us the talk yesterday?-He has gone back to Qinghua University.A. whom B. who C. wh

17、ose D. which4. （2004 年益阳市）I hate people talk much but do little.A. whose B. whom C. which D. who5. （2008 河d 匕）This is the dictionary Mum give me for my birthday.A. which B. what C. whose D. whom6. （2008 广东）I have bought the camera was advertised on TV.A. what B. why C. which D. who7. （2008 哈尔滨）If a

18、bag is f川ed with books and pens, it must belong to someone works hand.A. Which B. / C. whom D. who8. （2008 福州）-Do you know the girl is standing under the tree?-She is my little sister.A. who B. whom C. whose D. which9 .（2008 河南）Shaolin Temple lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitorsboth a

19、t home and abroad.A. where B. which C. who D. what10 .（2008 吉林）This is the question we are talking about now.A. that B. who C. where D. when11 .（2008 绍兴）Even teachers can ' t understand some expressions _ their students use in daily life.A. whose B. who C. that D. whom12 .（2008 襄樊 |） I like writ

20、ers write about stories.A. which B. what C. whom D. who13 .（2008 辽宁）That is the man saved ten children in the earthquake.A. who B. which C. where D. what14 .（2008 宜昌）-What do you think of the book A Haw Tree was written by a woman writer?A. when B. that C. who D. where三.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. The house w

21、e live in is very big.2. The boy is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present he gave me for my birthday.4. The man talked to you just now is an engineer.5. He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited.6. There is nothing in the world can frighten him.7. She wears a g

22、old ring,is very uncommon in our class.8. We visited a factory makes toys for children.9. Is this the place your father once lived?10. I ' ll never forget the days I joined the League.11. Do you know the lady is standing under the tree?12. The boy gave me the raincoat just now is my brother.13.

23、This is the girl friends often come to see me.14. I live in the building is very near here.15. She is not like the girl she used to be.16. Any student finishes his test early should check his paper.17. On Mei Mei ' s way home she saw the person her teacher alway s spoke of.18. He laughs best lau

24、ghs last.19. All you have to do is to study hard.20. I like my hometown I was born.四、课后练习()1. Beijing is the 29th city holds the Olympic Games.A. where B. that C. which D. what()2. Have you read the book I gave you yesterday?A. that B. when C. where( )3. The man came to our party with a present is m

25、y old friend.A. when B. which C. who()4. I like writers write short stories.A. which B. what C. whom D. who)5. This is the question we are talking about now.A. that B. who C. where D. when)6.What are you looking for? I am looking for the book I bought yesterday.A. who B. which C. whose)7. Jack, ther

26、e is someone in the office would like to speak with you.A. who B. which C. whom)8. If a bag is f川ed with books and pens, it must belong to someone works hard.A. which B. / C. whom D. who )9. Many young people prefer the songs have great lyrics.their studentsA. which B. who C. where D. whom)10. Even

27、teachers can ' t understand some expressionsuse in daily life.A. whose B. who C. that D. whom( )11. The bridge a big ship can go has been built.A. under whichB. under thatC. in whichD. on which( )12. The book is torn is mine.A. the cover of which B. the cover of thatC. which the cover D. whose c

28、over of()13. He talked about the classmates and the school he had visited.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. about which( )14. You have seen the girl sister is a Chinese teacher.A. whom B. of whom C. whose D. of which()15. We should do all is useful to people.A. / B. that C. it D. which()16. We came to a place

29、 they had never paid a visit before.A. whichB. in whichC. on whichD. to which()17. Those finished doing it put up your hands.A. who haveB. who hasC. which haveD. have( )19. The man was a friend of mine.A. that you just talked toB. whom you just talked to himC. who you just talked to him D. which you

30、 just talked to( )20. I went to the school my father once worked.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. on which( )21. I shall never forget those years I lived in the country with thefarmers,has a great effect on my life.A. that; whichB. when; whichC. which; thatD. when; who( )22. The weather turned out to be ve

31、ry good, wasmorethan we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it()23. Carol said the work would be done by October, personally I doubt very much.A. it B. that C. when D. which( )24. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, , of course, made the others unhappy.A. who B. which C

32、. this D. what( )25. Have you seen the film "Titanic",leading actor is world famous?A. its B. it's C. whose D. which专业知识分享WORD格式整理Part 2宾语从句1.王过，从过：当王旬是过去时日勺时候，从句要改为过去日勺对应时态, Eg: I know you're right.过去地 I knew you were right.2.主不过，从随意：当主句不是过去时的时候，仄句时态不受限一、从真理，一般现在永不变：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论

33、主句是什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时eg： My mom told that Beijing is the capital of China.考点二：语序宾语从句的语序要用 陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语，译一译：我不知道他是谁。 考点三：连接词(1 C )陈述句，引导词当从句是1(2) 一般疑问句(3) ) 特殊疑问句如：I know he is a good student.我想知道她的答案是正确的吗 Where does she live? Do you know?(合并成一句) 特别注意：只能用whether不能用if的情况与 or not 连用： He asked me whether or not I was coming.在介词之后：It depends on whether it is going to rain.在不定式之前：We haven t decided whether to go there.二.中考地带。1 .（2010 .河北中考 Your T-shirt is so cool. Could