外研版语法主谓一致课件

1、21 语法一致语法一致2.意义一致意义一致3.就近原则就近原则3语法一致语法一致:一、一、 and连接两个词时连接两个词时,谓语动词通常谓语动词通常用复数形式。用复数形式。Tom and Jerry are good friends.Both milk and water are bought.and连接的两个词表同一概念，或同一人（物）连接的两个词表同一概念，或同一人（物）时，谓语动词用单数形式。时，谓语动词用单数形式。The teacher and writer comes from China.The teacher and the writer come from China. 4 二

2、二.当当neither either each,every, one of+复数名词复数名词no+单数单数, somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody和和, something anything nothing everything 复合不定代复合不定代词作主语时词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式谓语动词用单数形式. none, 作作主语时主语时,谓语动词单复都可谓语动词单复都可. 1.Each of the students hopes to go to university 2.5 三.当主语后有当主语后有as well as, along as well as

3、, along with, with, like, together with, with, with, like, together with, except, butexcept, but等时等时, ,谓语动词的形式视谓语动词的形式视主语的单复数而定主语的单复数而定. .The studentsThe students as well asas well as the teacher the teacher livelive here. here.EveryoneEveryone exceptexcept Tom and Jack Tom and Jack isis here.here.M

4、r.SmithMr.Smith, ,along withalong with his two sons his two sons isis sent to help you.sent to help you.6意义一致意义一致不是看形式而是看意思不是看形式而是看意思一一.表示金钱表示金钱.时间时间.距离等的名词按距离等的名词按 单数对待单数对待Two dollars is given by his boss.Eight hours is really a long time.Ten kilometres is not very far.7二二.由集体名词，如由集体名词，如family,grou

5、p team, class, company,population等作主语时，等作主语时，如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式, 如果看成其中各成员如果看成其中各成员, 则用复数形式则用复数形式,但但是是police, people, cattle作主语时作主语时,谓语谓语动词一定用复数形式动词一定用复数形式His family is going to have a long journey.The whole family are watching TV. The police are searching for the thief.8 、三三.由分数或由

6、分数或percent,some,a lot of, plenty of, half of, the rest of+名词作主名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式与语时，谓语动词的形式与of 后面的名词的后面的名词的数一致数一致 1.70pecent of the water is polluted.2.90 pecent of the students enjoy themselves.3.Some students are planting trees. The rest of them are watering them.9 由由eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut

7、also连接的两个词作主语连接的两个词作主语时时,谓语动词的形式以邻近的主语的数而定。谓语动词的形式以邻近的主语的数而定。 1.Either you or the headmaster is giving the prizes to these students2.Neither Joe nor his sister does the washing.3.Not only you but also I am asked to go there. 4.There is some coffee and apples on the table.就近原则就近原则 Agreement (主谓一致主谓一致

8、) 一、一、选择填空选择填空111213141516 isisknowshasis waswas17 hasisisisisare18 areisareishas19三对比选择填空：三对比选择填空：CDBA20BABBDB21BA22ADCCBACD23 ABABAB24 BA25主谓一致精练与解析1.More than one person here _ with the disease.A. has been infected B. have been infected C. has been infecting D. have been infecting由由more than one

9、修饰单数名词作主语修饰单数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数时，谓语动词要用单数又如：又如：More than one man was injured in the accident. More than one house has been repaired.262. One or perhaps more pages _ missing. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been由由or连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与靠近它主语一致。语动词应与靠近它主语一致。又如：又如：Are you or he to drive ? W

10、as she or you there ?273.An expert, together with some assistants, _ to help in this work. A. was sent B. were sent C. is sending D. are sending由由 with，together with，along with，rather than，no less than ,but， besides，except等连接两个名词或代词作主语时，等连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前一个相一致。谓语动词应与前一个相一致。又如：又如：Nobody but John

11、and Helen was absent. I, rather than you, am responsible for the accident.284.The police _ the black in winter. A. wears B. wear C. put on D. puts on英语中，一些表示总称意义的名词，如：英语中，一些表示总称意义的名词，如：police，people，cattle等作主语时，谓等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。语动词要用单数形式。又如：又如：Some people spend a lot of money on clothes. Cattle are

12、 raised everywhere by the farmers.295.The number of students that you have met _ the life of the team. A. are B. is C. were D. bethe number of复数名词作主语时，谓复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。语用单数。a number of复数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。复数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。又如：又如：The number of cars is increasing in Beijing. A number of books have been publishe

13、d on this subject.306. To get up early and to go to sleep early _ good for your health. A. is B. are C. was D. were由由and连接两个名词，包括两个不定式、连接两个名词，包括两个不定式、两个动名词作主语，若指同一件事或两个动名词作主语，若指同一件事或一个概念事，谓语动词用单数形式。一个概念事，谓语动词用单数形式。又如：又如：Whether to go on or return is not known. Time and tide waits for no man.317. Mor

14、e students than one _. A. were punished B. is punished C. was punished D. will punishMore 复数名词复数名词 than one 和和 more than one 单数名词的意义相同，单数名词的意义相同，均表示均表示“不只一个不只一个”，但前者用作复，但前者用作复数，后者用作单数。数，后者用作单数。又如：又如：More students than one were punished. More than one student was punished.328. What they need _ more p

15、eople. A. is B. are C. has D. have名词从句作主语时，通常表示单数概念，名词从句作主语时，通常表示单数概念，谓语动词常用单数，谓语动词常用单数， 但所指内容是复数意义时，谓语动词用但所指内容是复数意义时，谓语动词用复数。本句从表语复数。本句从表语more people 可以得知可以得知主语主语what we need指复数内容。指复数内容。又如：又如：What we need is more time. What he needs are books.What he says and what he does do not agree. 331)作度量，距离，金

16、额，篇名等用的复数作度量，距离，金额，篇名等用的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。e.g. The Emperors Clothes was written by Hans Christian Anderson.2）不定代词）不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名所修饰的名词，即使用词，即使用 and或逗号连接作主语，或主或逗号连接作主语，或主语为语为more than one, many a + n.谓语动谓语动词用词用单数单数Every boy and every girl has a book in their bags.Many a teache

17、r has been there.More than one child has read the book.34注意注意在在“one of+复数名词复数名词+关系代词关系代词” 的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复 数形式；但是若数形式；但是若one前有前有the only, the very将其限定为只有一个时，将其限定为只有一个时， 谓语动词用单数形式谓语动词用单数形式Tom is one of the students who are good at playing football.Tom is the only one of the students w

18、ho is good at playing football.35二、代词作主语二、代词作主语1.1.考例考例 - Each of the students _to go to university. - So do I. (上海上海98) A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped当当either (each, one)+ of+复数名词复数名词,或或some, any, no, every和和body, one或或thing构成复合不定代词作主语时构成复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动谓语动词用单数形式词用单数形式. none, neither作主语时作主语时,谓谓语

19、动词单复数都可语动词单复数都可.362. 2. 考例考例 : :1.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered2.E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 3.Nobody but Jan

20、e _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known 372. 2.考例：考例： She is one of the few girls who _in the kindergarten. (上海上海94) A. is well paid B. are well paid C. is paying well D. are paying well 关系代词在定关系代词在定语从句中作主语从句中作主语时，谓语动语时，谓语动词的形式与句词的形式与句中先行词应保中先行词应保持一致。持一致。Those who want to go pleas

21、e sign your name here.This is the photo, which shows my house.38四、名词作主语四、名词作主语1考例：考例： A group of _ are eating _ and _ at the foot of the hill. (NMET95) A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps; grasses; leaves C. sheep; grass; leaf D. sheeps; grass; leafs 由集体名词，如由集体名词，如family, team, class, company等作主语时，如果看

22、成一个等作主语时，如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式整体，谓语动词用单数形式, 如果看成如果看成其中各成员其中各成员, 则用复数形式则用复数形式39His family is going to have a long journey.The whole family are watching TV.注意：集体名词为注意：集体名词为 people, police, ，谓谓语动词用复数形式语动词用复数形式The police are searching for the thief.403)在在 a series of , a part of , a kind of + n.作主语时，谓语动词的形式根作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据名词的数而定据名词的数而定e.g. A series of works have been printed.A part of the food has gone bad.4) these/those kinds/types of + n.作主语时，谓语动词用复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。e.g. These kind of tests are good.41五、名词化的形容词作主语五、名词化的形容词作主语以定冠词以定冠词the + adj.（或过去分词）结（或过去