四川省高考英语阅读表达解题指导

1、四川省高考英语阅读表达解题指导 宜宾市教育科学研究所 赵杰阅读表达试题主要是考查考生从文字材料中获取信息、处理信息、分析问题、归纳总结、并准确使用英语词汇、语法进行书面表达的能力。因此，该题型难度较大，区分度高，是四川省课程改革后英语高考中最为重要的新题型。四川高考阅读表达试题特点：1. 文章词数300左右；2. 文章为描写人物、故事，记叙文、议论文，一般不用科普文和应用文；3. 按文章内容顺序设题，可考某段的大意，一般不考全文大意、标题和词语解释；4. 题目设置为一问一答，通常以wh-形式的特殊疑问句提问；5. 阅读材料本身难度不大，略低于阅读理解的5篇文章；6. 按规定词数简略回答，但均控

2、制在10词内。从该题型对考生的能力要求很高，但我们只要了解了此题型的命题特点及解题技巧，就能较好地完成该题。现笔者就此题型解题步骤及思路总结于后，供大家参考。一、先读问题，通过问题预测短文的主要话题和内容 如2013年四川高考阅读表达真题5个问题（见考例分析一）通过阅读这几个问题，我们可以预测到以下信息：（1）短文的主人公是Jackie，因为57-60四个问题中都提到了Jackie；（2）Jackie可能是一个护士，从57题中的nursing便知；（3）Jackie的职业领域可能是糖尿病，从58题中的in the field of diabetes得知（题干中的diabetes是生词，短文中一

3、定会出现，并极有可能标注了汉语解释，学生读到该词时，可以浏览一下短文中标注了汉字的生词）；（4）从59题中Jackie向提建议可以推断，她可能糖尿病领域经验丰富且很权威的护士；（5）从60题她女儿的担心可以推断Jackie可能工作太累，或身体有病，或年龄太大；（6）NHS极有可能是个医疗健康方面的机构，从上述几点的分析及56题中的was the NHS set up可以得知。二、带着问题和预测的信息去阅读短文 带着卷面上的5个问题和预测的信息去阅读短文，针对性强，理解的准确性高，从而节约做题时间。三、边阅读短文边完成答题由于阅读表达题中的综合归纳题极少，一般都是简单的归纳。答案的依据通常是单独

4、分布在短文的某个地方，所以，在阅读的同时，只要确认了某个题的答案，就可以先完成该题。一般情况下，5个问题的顺序与文章展现的顺序是一致的。四、注意问题后的词数要求根据题后词数要求，答题时，常常要经过简要归纳，采用简略回答。但一般不能照搬原文，一定要针对不同的疑问词在问句中做什么成分，如作主语或宾语，我们就将相应文段中的相应表述改编成主语或宾语，如名词、动名词或不定式等来回答问题。疑问词作表语或状语也可以用类似方法。下面举例说明。例一：People today probably do not want to live as people thousands of years ago did, bu

5、t scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate as those ancient people did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet foods. How could we be healthier according to this paragraph ?（within 8 words）【答案解析】 此题要在8个字以内回答就必须简略回答。How 在问句中作状语，我们只需把文段中相应表述改为状语即可回答“By eating as those ancient peo

6、ple did”。例二：Just like any other eager college graduate, the elder Ochs cant wait for lifes next challenge. “Im going to seek employment on a cruise ship as a storyteller,” she said, smiling. The determined look in her eye leaves no doubt. Shes serious.What is the elder Ochs next challenge of life (w

7、ithin 8 words)【答案解析】 显然此题要在8个字以内用完整句子回答是不可能的。也需要简略回答。What 在问句中作主语，我们只需把文段中相应表述改变为主语，就回答主语部分即可。注意动词作主语必须用动名词或不定式。Being a storyteller on a cruise ship. 考例分析一2013年四川省高考阅读表达A nurse of 78 this weekend celebrates 60 years of walking the wardsand she has no plans to retire.Jackie Reid was 18 when she start

8、ed work in 1953when the National Health Service（NHS）was just five years oldand is believed to be the oldest nurse in Britain.The diabetes（糖尿病）specialist had to retire at 65 but returned as a nurse within two weeks and still does up to four seven-and-a-half hour shifts（轮班）each week.Mrs. Reid said,” N

9、ursing is hard if you do it correctly but I love my job. Working for the NHS has been my life. I have no other hobbies because I have worked all my life.”Jackie has worked at a number of different hospitalsincluding one in Scotland.Her specialist field has been diabetes for the past 40 years. She re

10、trained after her 12-year-old daughter Michelle developed the disease. She currently works at Southend Hospital, Essex.Over the last 60 years she has treated tens of thousands of patients.things I would say to the government. If you are going to get good care you have to have the resources（资源）, you

11、cant do it without enough money. They shouldnt need the cuts that there are in the NHS. Its hard now because theres a shortage of staff.”Jackie has lived alone in Grays, Essex, since her husband died three years ago.The couple have two daughters Michelle, 50, and Karen, 54.Jackie added, “My youngest

12、 daughter worries about meshe doesnt think I should work as much as I do. I constantly say dont worry about me, Im fine, but she never believes me. I dont like the thought of giving it up and will try to keep going forever.”56. In which year was the NHS set up? (within 2 words)57. What does Jackie t

13、hink of nursing? (within 6 words)58. When did Jackie retrain in the field of diabetes? (within 6words)59. What does Jackie wish the government to do? (within 7 words)60. Why does Jackies daughter worry about her? (within 8 words)【答案详解】56. 回到原文找到讲述NHS 成立的句子“In1953when NHS was just five years old”， 19

14、53-5=1948，题目要求字数在两个词以内，所以答案直接是In 1948。57. 可以回到原文这个句子“Nursing is hard if you do it correctly, but I love my job.”可以看出她认为虽然困难，但是她却十分热爱，但题目要求控制在六个词以内，所以不能照搬原文，而要自己总结，可以简单写成Its hard but she loves it.58. 疑问词when作状语，按照上边的方法我们在文段中找到相关内容“She retrained after her 12 years old daughter developed this disease.”

15、 this disease 指的就是diabetes所以就要写明是什么病，答案就是After her daughter developed diabetes.59. 文中原句“Jackie believes nursing should be protected from government cuts.”所以她希望政府不要在nursing 上减少开支，what 在疑问句中作wish sb.的宾补，由于字数的限制，所以答案就用不定式简要回答“Not to make cuts in nursing”。60. 文中原句“she doesnt think I should work as much

16、as I do”可知她女儿认为她工作量太大，所以答案是She thinks her mother works too hard/much.考例分析二2013年四川省考试说明阅读表达 1 Ashley Powers mother bought a computer for her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet regularly, but she couldnt find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she

17、 thought, “If I had my own website, Id make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”2 So, when Ashley was sixteen, she launched her own website, called GooseHead. She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was g

18、etting 100,000 hits every day, and Ashley had about 30 employees.3 After a few years, the website closed down. Then Ashley, who lives in Los Angeles, was asked to write a book called The GoosHead Guide to Life. The book is about how to design a website and start a business. It begins with a section

19、called All About Ashley,” where Ashley tells readers what it is like to be the boss of a company when you are only sixteen. “I was so happy. But it was crazy in a lot of ways. I got very stressed. I mean, I was only sixteenI didnt even have a car! If you were sixteen and you had your own company, yo

20、u would be stressed, too!”4 In an interview Ashley gave advice to teenagers who wanted to start their own business, “Just be strong and have your dreams and work hard at them. And dont listen when people tell you cant do it, because I heard no a lot. Just keep going until you hear yes.1. For what pu

21、rpose did Ashley create GooseHead? (within 10 words)2. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? (within 6 words)3. According to Paragraph 3, what did Ashley do after GooseHead closed down? (within 10 words)4. How did Ashley feel as a young boss of a company? (within 5 words)5. What is the key to succes

22、s according to Ashley? (within 5 words)【答案详解】1. 第二段第一句“so”开头，说明答案应该在前面，第一段最后一句“If I had my own website, Id make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”，再转换一下字数和人称得出答案 “She wanted to create an interesting website for teenagers”。2. 这道题问的是第二段的大意，仔细阅读这一段就会发现有“how big a success；the most successful；getting 100,000 hits every day”等词组，就不能归纳出此题答案为 “Ashleys Goose