高中阶段常见英语同义近义表达

1、.高中阶段常见英语同义/近义表达在课堂上，英语老师总是不厌其烦地告诉同学们可用A单词或短语来代替B单词或短语之类的语言知识。一些同学很容易有厌烦心理，觉得掌握一个意思的一种表达就足够了。这种想偷懒的心态可不对，因为在英语学习中，掌握一个意思的多种表达非常重要，其作用主要表达在以下方面：1.在阅读理解中，题干或选项通常不会照搬原文原话，而是对其进展同义或近义交换。掌握一个意思的多种表达，是迅速定位出解题根据，准确判断选项说法与原文说法是否一致的重要前提。请看这一道阅读理解题：例1：Farmland in Africa _.A. is often small in sizeB. can produ

2、ce more than enough crops for AfricansC. is short of important nutrientsD. has got the attention of scientists around the world根据文中这一句话“Studies show farmland in Africa is often lacking in important nutrients.可选出正确答案C。C选项中，使用了be short of对原文的be lacking in进展了同义交换。2. 表达多样化是优秀的书面表达的要求。英文写作中讳忌重复。写作时，应尽量防止

3、上下文重复，使用多样的表达。请看这一篇书面表达的范文片段：例2： I m writing to apologize for not being able to take a trip to Beijing with you next weekend as we planned beforehandAgain, I want to express my sincere apology for all the inconvenience I have caused.下文用了express ones apology for代替上文的apologize for 防止行文重复。一、动词短语 1.achi

4、eve a goal到达目的= reach a goal2. attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力= draw ones attention = catch ones attention3. be aware of意识到= be conscious of4. be based on.以为根底、根据= be founded on.5. be beneficial to对有好处= be of benefit to6. be concerned about担忧，烦恼= be worried about7. be concerned with关系到，关于= be about8

5、. be filled with充满，挤满= be full of9. be fond of.喜欢= like10. be intended to do sth为了做某事= be meant to do sth11. be satisfied with对感到满意的= be content with12. be short of缺乏= lack = be lacking in13. be tired of对感到厌倦= be bored with = be fed up with14. be used to习惯于= be accustomed to15. burst into laughter突然

6、大笑起来= burst out laughing16. burst into tears突然大哭起来= burst out crying17. date back to 追溯到；起源于= date from18. call sb up打 给某人= ring sb up = call sb on the phone = phone sb = give sb a call = give sb a ring19. come about发生= happen20. come across偶尔遇到 = meet with = run into21. consist of由组成/构成= be made up

7、 of22. consult查阅= refer to23. depend on依靠= rely on = count on24. determine to do sth下定决心做某事= make up ones mind to do sth25. draw a conclusion得出结论= arrive at a conclusion = come to a conclusion = reach a conclusion26. earn ones living谋生= make ones living27. deliver a speech做演讲= make a speech28. fix o

8、nes attention on sth将注意力集中于= focus ones attention on sth = be absorbed in = be buried in29. give rise to导致，引起= cause30. get to ones feet 站起来= rise to ones feet =stand up31. go through经历 = experience32. harm 损害，危害= do harm to = be harmful to33. have a good time玩得开心= have fun = enjoy oneself34. keep o

9、nes promise履行承诺= keep ones word35. look after照顾= take care of = care for36. lose ones heart to sb爱上某人= fall in love with sb37. make certain弄清楚，弄明白= make sure38. observe庆贺= celebrate39. oppose反对= be opposed to = be against40. play a role in在扮演角色，在起作用= play a part in41. play jokes on戏弄；开玩笑= play trick

10、s on = make fun of42. prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人某某事= keep sb from doing sth = stop sb from doing sth43. realize ones dream实现某人的梦想= make ones dream come true44. reserve预定= book45. search for寻找=look for46. set down写下，记下= write down= put down = take down47. set about doing sth开场做某事= set out to do st

11、h48. represent象征= stand for = symbolize49. take sth into account考虑，顾及=take sth into consideration50. watch out for sth 注意，小心= look out for sth二、名词1.baggage行李= luggage2.human race人类= human beings = mankind3.present礼物= gift4.tourist attraction旅游胜地= scenic spot三、形容词 1.considerate体贴的，周到的= thoughtful2.in

12、valuable无价的= priceless3.valueless没有价值的= worthless四、副词1.besides此外= in addition2.furthermore而且，此外= moreover = whats more3.meanwhile在此期间，与此同时= in the meanwhile = in the meantime = at the same time五、介词 1.at present如今= now2.because of因为，由于= due to = owing to3.before long很快= soon4.by chance偶尔地，意外地= by accident5.despite尽管，虽然= in spite of = regardless of6.every other day 每隔一天= every two days = every second day7.free of charge免费=for free8.in advance提早= ahead of time = ahead of schedule9.in the end最后，终于= finally = at last10.on purpose成心，有意= by design = deliberately11.on