2018届高三英语上学期开学摸底考试(8月)试题

1、2018 届高三英语上学期开学摸底考试（ 8 月） 试题本试卷共三部分，满分135 分（ 120× 1.125 ）。考试时间 120分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必分别将答题卷上的姓名、考试号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写，用2B 铅笔将考试号对应的信息点涂黑。2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂 其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。第一部分 : 阅读理解 （共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D） 中，选出最佳选

2、项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIf you like tasting food from different countries, here are some events you shouldn mtiss in New York City this year.Chinatown Restaurant Week-March 14-30Various meals will be offered for $18.88 per person at participating Chinatown restaurants such as Golden Unicorn, Nom W ah Tea Par

3、lor, HK Wonton Garden, Pho Grand, Red Egg and Shanghai Gourmet. Peking Duck House will offer a special at lunch only.More Info: Martini Week-March 15-30Martini Week is a two-week-long celebration ofAmerica sproudest invention. It will be hel d at 23 bars and restaurants across the town.They bll e of

4、feri ng their own unique specialities at low prices. Choose from places including Ava Lounge, Beaumarchais, Catch, Abe & Arth ur sS.ons of Essex, Bounce Sporting Club, Aspen Social, Re vel, Rayuela, and more.More Info: Malaysian Restaurant Week-June 18-24Malaysian restaurants will offer various

5、$20.12 meals, while A sian-influenced restaurants will feature a special limited-time- only menu inspired by thecountry sspecial flavors. Participati ng restaurants include Fatty Crab, Michelin-starred Laut, Penang and Spice Market. More Info: Italian Restaurant Week -June 26-July 6Celebrate New Yor

6、kCity fisfth Italian Restaurant Week- the Italian Dine Out. The 11-day event will offer special discounted lunch and dinner prices of $23 at New YorkCity msost authentic Italian restaurants.Sponsored( 赞助) by the Italian Trade Commission, the Italian Dine Out offer s diners special 3-course menus for

7、 lunch and dinner.More Info: Belgian Restaurant Week-July 21-28 This is your chance to enjoy tasty multi-course meals and some of theworld fsinest beers. The Belgian restaurants in NY bring you amazing cuisines and great be ers during a week-long celebration of Belgian food.More Info: I msure you hl

8、l ave a great time during the events. Remembe r: donetat too much for the sake of you health.21. To enjoy an $18.88 supper during Chinatown Restaurant Week, you probably should avoid going to.A. HK Wonton GardenB. Nom Wah Tea ParlorC. Golden UnicornD. Peking Duck House22. If you love eating at Miche

9、lin-starred Laut, youdmost probably expect .A. Martini WeekB. Italian Restau rant WeekC. Malaysian Restaurant WeekD. Chinatow n Restaurant Week23. Which of the following is a feature of the Belgian Restaura nt Week?A. Bringing you free Chinese food.B. Pro viding authentic Italian food.C. Having a sp

10、ecial limited-time-only menu.D. Offering some of theworld fsinest beers. B.Twelve years ago, Danny called me from a dark, damp su bway station.“Ababy! ”he shouted.“ Gedt own here, and flag down a police car orsomething. ”By nature, Danny is a remar kably calm person, so when I felt his heart poundin

11、g through t he phone line, I ran.When I got to the subway station, Danny was holding a light- brown-skinned baby, about a day old. The baby had been wrapped in an oversize black sweatshirt and left on the ground in a corner behind the gate.What neither of us knew, or could have predicted, was that D

12、anny had not just saved an abandoned infant; he had found our son.Three months later, Danny appeared in family court to give an account of finding the baby. Suddenly, the judge asked,“ Wo uld you be interested in adopting thisbaby?”The question sur prised everyone in the courtroom, except Danny, who

13、 answered, simply, “ Yes. ”“ BuIt know it nsot that easy, ”he said.“ Welli,t can be, ”assured the judge before barking out orders t o allow me to be a parent-to-be.My first reaction, when I heard, went something like,“ Areyou crazy? How could you say yes without consultingme?”In three years as a cou

14、ple, we had never discussed adopting a child. I was an ambitious playwright working as a part-time word processor. Danny was a respected yet wildly underpaid social worker. We had a roommate, who slept in our livin g room, to help pay the rent.We knew how many challenges couples usually faced when t

15、 hey wanted to adopt. And while Danny had patience and selfl essness, I didn ktnow how to change a diaper ( 尿布), let alone nurse a child. Ididn trtust the system and was s ure there would be obstacles. Also, Icouldn htandle parentho od. So I promised myself Iwouldn gtet attached.The caretaker held h

16、im and then placed him in my arms. But when the baby stared up at me, with all the innocence and ho pe he represented, I, like Danny, was completely hooked.24. Why did the author rush to the subway station?A. Because Danny finally found their lost son.B. Because she sensed Danny met something urgent

17、.C. Because Danny had a heart attack.D. Because someone gave birth to a baby there.25. How did the author react on hearingDannysanswer to th e judge qsuestion?A. Surprised by the question.B. Craz y to be a parent-to-be.C. Annoyed atDannysdecision.D. Angry at challenging her authority.26. It can be i

18、nferred from the last paragraph that.A. the author will adopt the babyB. the couple were tempted to take the babyC. the baby will bring hope to the familyD. the couple love each other very much27. What is the auth or psurpose in writing the passage?A. To introduce a story of a poor family.B. To info

19、rm people of the difficulty of adopting a baby.C. To call on people to donate money to them.D. To showhumanskindness and love by nature.COne evening in February 2015, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She gotout to open a metal gate that blocked her pat

20、h.That wshen she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Ren ault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the rai lway tracks.Ceely nsear miss made the news because she blamed it on t he GPS ( 导航仪). She had neve

21、r driven the route before. It was dark and rai ning heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS, but it made no m ention of the crossing.“pIut my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speedingtrain,e BBC.s”he told thWho is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tellsCeely sstor y

22、 in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job. T hey are filled with small problems. Andit nsot just GPS devic es: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital d

23、isasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.The problem with his argument in the book is thatit nsot clear why he only focuses on digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes. A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe w e s

24、hould blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the rai lway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system. Or may be someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment. But Stevensondoesnstay. It asproblem that runs

25、through the book.The game between humans and their smart devices is amusi ng and complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology a nd the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forc es there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.If there is such a way, it should involve more than

26、just an awa reness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we hav e lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long.28. What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident？A. She was not familiar with the road.B. It was dark and raining heavil

27、y then.C. The railway workers failed to give the signal.D. Her GPS devicedidn tetll her about the crossing.29. The phrase“ nearmiss ”(Paragraph 2) can best be replace d by.A. close hitB. heavy lossC. narrow escapeD. big mistake30. Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probab ly agree with

28、?A. Modern technology is what wecanltive without.B. Digital technology often falls short of our expectation.C. Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.D. GPS error is not the only cause forCeely saccident.31. What is the real concern of the writer of this article?A. The major causes o

29、f traffic accidents and car thefts.B. The relationship between human and technology.C. The shortcomings of digital devices we use.D. The human unawareness of technical problems.DCycling or even walking in city areas can be a little dangerous, thanks to the fact that one is sharing the road with vehi

30、cles t hat are increasingly getting larger and heavier. A recent study proves that of the 1.27 million people that die in road traffic cr ashes every year, about half are walkers, motorcyclists and c yclists. Now there may be a solution that could provide at leas t some help to protect this helpless

31、 group-an airbag!If you are worried that this safety measure will involve you taki ng around a heavy package or worse still, wrapping yourself i nside an ugly plastic bag, the bag is fitted not on the human, b ut on the outside of the vehicle. And, while there are several v ersions of the idea in th

32、e works, the one most recently unveile d by Dutch car company TNO, seems to be the most advance d and ready to go into production.In the works since 2011, the airbag covers only the lower part of the windshield. This will provide the much needed buffer be tween the person hsead and the pane of glass

33、 he/she would otherwise meet.The chain of events leading to an airbag cause are quite simp le-A camera fitted beneath the rear-view mirror monitors the vehicle csloseness to a walker or cyclist. Any contact with either one of them sets off the sensors in the car bsumper and quickly blows up the airb

34、ag. In addition to that the sensors also set off the car asutomatic brake, re ducing the chances of an even worse injury.In tests conducted using a model, the success of not getting i njured after being hit by a car travelling at about 40km/h was about 50-50! While not perfect, it will still result

35、in reducing the number of deaths by a huge amount. With TNO ready to license its te chnology to car makers and many more companies trying to d evelop similar concepts. We would not be surprised if outer ai rbags become a standard feature in every car pretty soon!32. Why does the airbag cover the low

36、er part of the windshiel d?A. To protect the windshield from being destroyed.B. To make the vehicle look beautiful.C. To reduce the weight of walkers.D. To preventpeople hsead crashing on the glass.33. The fourth paragraph is mainly about.A. how the airbag worksB. where the airbag is fixedC. why the

37、 airbag is safeD. what the airbag is made up of34. The writer thinks the airbag of TNO.A. perfectB. practicalC. expensiveD. us eless35. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Airbags are a new standard feature in cars.B. Airbags are much safer for drivers now.C. Airbags are practical for walkers an

38、d cyclists.D. Airbags are a solution to higher car accident rates.第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whether you want to improve your writing skills as a creative writer or simply perfect your skills for schoolwork, you can tak e some steps to learn how to be a bette

39、r writer.1. Use active instead of passive voice.In English, the most basic sentence structure is S-V- O: Subject-Verb-Object. The passive voice usually requires more words and u se of a “ tobe”verb form, which can suck the energy out of yo ur writing. Learn to avoid these constructions as much as yo

40、u can.36It conventionally uses the passive voice to put the emphasis on the results, rather than the researchers.2.37Finding the right verb or adjective can turn an uninspired sent ence into one people will remember and quote for years to co me. Look for words that are as specific as possible. Stron

41、g do esn't mean obscure, or more complicated. Don't say "utilize" when you could say "use."383. Cut the chaff.39 You don't get points for saying in 50 words wha t could be said in 20, or for using multi-syllable words when a short one does just as well. It might fee l

42、 good at first to pack a lot of ideas and details into a single se ntence, but chances are that sentence is just going to be hard to read. If a phrase doesn't add anything valuable, just cut it.40 If you notice that your writing is filled with "-ly" words, it might be time to take a de

43、ep breath and give your writing more focus.A. Use strong words.B. Show, don't tell.C. Good writing is simple, clear and direct.D. The main exception to this is science writing.E. Cutting the chaff is best done at the editing stage.F. "He sprinted" is not necessarily better than "h

44、e ran."G. Don't write "screamed fearfully" - "scream" already suggests fear.第二部分 : 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Having relocated often,I vdeeveloped a love of de-cluttering（整理） . Actuall

45、y, there have been times when I vqeuestioned w hether it asn/a 41 . But I vceoncluded that it isn t.42 , the habit is just wonderful blessing.Standing 43 my wardrobe ( 衣橱 ) at least once every couple of months, I consider what can go. Even doing so44 ,there aslways something that I no lo nger love.

46、Perhapsit asn article of45thatdoesnetxpresshow I see myself any more or is not the most46 . Maybeit ssomething that has47through the last few selections and has finally lost its fight to48in the wardrobe.Either way, some clothes49at the charity shop. Occasionally such a50may see something new-to-me

47、come home from the store. At least I know, though, that the new item adds a different energy to my wardrobe. Soit s51 . If however, Ihavenwtorn the new item within a few weeks, then it s52that I am not as in love with it as I thought.It s then donated back to the53on the next trip.De-cluttering does

48、 not belong only to wardrobes, though. I also d elete old computer files and emails,54the recycle bin on m y computer daily. That way,55I look at my computer, it is li ke my wardrobe only that which serves a purpose remains.The best form of de-cluttering we can really do is to rid ourselves of outda

49、ted56. Like with all forms of de-cluttering, saying 57 to thinking patterns that no longer serv e us creates 58 to breathe. It also makes room for new way s of thinking. Yes, de-cluttering can 59 all areas of our lives.I wish you the courage to abandon the parts of your life that n o longer 60 you a

50、nd make space for fresh energy to flow.41. A. advantageB. addictionC. excuseD. habit42. A. InsteadB. BesidesC. OtherwiseD. Meanwhile43. A. nearB. inC. behindD. before44. A. eventuallyB. graduallyC. regularlyD. willingly45. A. clothingB. furnitureC. luggageD. beddings46. A. expensiveB. usefulC. comfo

51、rtableD. colorful47. A. passed onB. hung onC. showed offD. turned up48. A. involveB. joinC. liveD. stay49. A. gave upB. ended upC. went upD. sold out50. A. tripB. changeC. choiceD. situation51. A. possibleB. hopefulC. welcomeD. unbelievable52. A. vitalB. strangeC. necessaryD. clear53. A. schoolB. wa

52、rdrobeC. storeD. church54. A. fillB. emptyC. searchD. exchange55. A. whenB. unlessC. thoughD. until56. A. papersB. thoughtsC. clothesD. customs57. A. truthB. yesC. goodbyeD. hello58. A. valueB. timeC. chanceD. space59. A. apply toB. benefit fromC. react toD. break down60. A. delightB. includeC. love

53、D. serve第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Once a group of 50 people was attending a seminar. Halfw ay61his talk, the speaker stopped and decided62(cr eate)a group activity. He went around the hall and gave each person a balloon. Each one was asked to write his or her

54、 name on the balloon63(use) a marker pen. Then all the balloo ns64(collect) and put in another room.The speaker then led the group to the room full of balloons and asked them to find the balloon that had their name65(write) on, within five minutes. Everyone was66 (hurry) searching for their name, bu

55、mping into each other, pushing ea ch other around. It was chaos. At the end of the five minutes n o one could find their own balloon.Now each person was asked to randomly collect 67 ball oon and give it to the person whose name was on it. Within tw o minutes everyone had their own balloon. When ever

56、yone qu ieted down, the speaker began to talk, saying that this is exac tly 68 was happening in our lives.We may like to think of 69 (us) more important than oth ers, but our happiness sometimes lies in the happiness of oth er people. Give them their happiness 70 you will get your o wn happiness.第三部分 : 写作（共两节；满分 35 分）第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用 ()划