英语写作Ⅱ-summary_writing

1、编辑课件编辑课件2After Studying the unit, the students should be able to:编辑课件编辑课件3w She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek, and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vacation.编辑课件编辑课件4wShe brought home a lot of books and magazines

2、to read during the vacation.编辑课件编辑课件5. DefinitionwA s u m m a r y i s a of thought of a longer composition.编辑课件编辑课件6 a summary cant cover everything and must be shorter than original writing; usually it includes the thesis and the main supporting points.编辑课件编辑课件7 it reproduces faithfully the theme o

3、f the original in our own words; one should not interpret or comment; All one has to do is to give the gist of the authors exact and essential meaning. 编辑课件编辑课件8 it gives the main information about a piece of writing or speech;usually it includes the thesis and the main supporting points.编辑课件编辑课件9 C

4、haracteristics of a Summary A summary should usually be aboutto as long as the original passage. You may use fewer words than the number prescribed, but in no case may you exceed the limit.编辑课件编辑课件10 Use the third person point of view objective and impersonal Dont express our own ideas, but faithful

5、ly represents the ideas of the original writing.编辑课件编辑课件11 Your reader need no reference to the original to understand what its main ideas are. if possible (and desirable). Ideas and facts need not be rearranged.编辑课件编辑课件12 Use different words with the original one. Dont copy the language.编辑课件编辑课件13w

6、 Use quotation if you cite some important words of the original article9. Use present tense to report the general ideas and use past t e n s e t o r e f e r t o p a s t experiences. 编辑课件编辑课件14w Summary writing is an exercise in compression. In writing a summary, we should:- omit the details.- reduce

7、 the examples.- simplify the descriptions.- eliminate all repetitions.编辑课件编辑课件15w(continuing)- compress wordy sentences and change phrases to words.e.g. His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like. He was very brave in battle.e.g. They acted in a manner that rendered them li

8、able to prosecution. They acted illegally.编辑课件编辑课件16w(continuing)- Use general words instead of specific wordse.g. She brought home several Chinese and English novels, and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vacation. She brought home a lot of books to read during the

9、vacation.编辑课件编辑课件17w(continuing)- Use the shortest possible transitions.e.g. But, then, thus, yet, and for (at the same time, on the other hand, etc.)编辑课件编辑课件18w(continuing)- Put the main points of a dialogue in indirect speech.编辑课件编辑课件19 How to Write a Summaryw Read and understand the source2. Unde

10、rline the thesis statement and the main supporting points We should decide what parts are essential and what parts are comparatively unimportant and can be omitted without much loss.编辑课件编辑课件203. Write the summarybegin the summary by mentioning the author, the articles title and the authors thesis;st

11、ate the supporting points one by one;revise.编辑课件编辑课件21wHis courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.wHe was very brave in battle.编辑课件编辑课件22wThe account the witness gave of the incident made everyone that heard it laugh.wThe witnesss story was absurd.编辑课件编辑课件23wJohn fell into

12、the river and, before help could reach him, he sank.wJohn was drowned in the river.编辑课件编辑课件24wHe was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.wHe was in financial difficulties.编辑课件编辑课件25w Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Yellow Mountain, were visited by only a

13、few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on those mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.编辑课件编辑课件26wBeautiful mountains like Mount Tai, wtoday accessible to many peoplewbe

14、tter wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better communicationwonce visited by only a few people编辑课件编辑课件27w Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better communication. 编辑课件编辑课件28V Exe

15、rcise This article talks about the reasons why students cheat in exams. Students cheat in exams by many ways even though they will have to face severe punishment if they are caught. The author thinks there are three main reasons. The most important reason is the fear of failure. Those students are g

16、reatly worried that if they fail not only their relationship with their parents and friends will be affected but also their “educational future.” (continuing)编辑课件编辑课件29The second reason is that some students are not confident and dont think they can pass the exam. The last reason is that some students just want to challenge t