高考英语短文改错解题技巧

1、.高考英语短文改错解题技巧1一、高考英语改错题的常见错误类型1、谓语动词的时态和语态2、句子构造和句子完好性3、名词单复数及主谓一致问题4、上下文语意和代词5、介词  固定搭配6、固定习惯用法7、形容词和副词是否误用及其比较等级是否正确；8、冠词。取舍与选择是否正确9、连词和从句引导词10、非谓语动词的形式是否正确短文改错口诀短文改错要做好，常见类型要记牢。名词爱考“数与“格，冠词在前“错，“多，“少。动词时态和语态，非谓搭配莫错了。连，代，形，副错一样，多是成心来混淆。介词多半考搭配，多，漏，误用想周到。句法涉及到“一致，从句多考关系词。语法句法均未错，逻辑推理去寻找。二、命题趋势

2、词法错误、句法错误和行文逻辑，1.一致关系：包括主谓一致、时态一致、代词指代一致等。2.平行构造：包括动词与动词相配，形容词与形容词相配，分词与分词相配，不定式与不定式相配等。常由并列连词或词组连接。如：and， or ， but，neithernor, as well as 等.3.非谓语动词的用法：如to的省略，过去分词与如今分词的误用等。4多余词：常常是介词、副词等的多余。5词性的混用。6行文逻辑判断等。“短文改错意识原那么表个数/类型10改错详细内容多缺词2-3be的各种形式、介词、冠词、不定式符号、三大从句引出词、代词、副词、固定搭配中的虚词错词8-7连词、 三大从句引导词、动词、名

3、词、代词、形容词、副词等尝试原那么表类型详细内容动词时态、语态、主谓一致；非谓语动词不定式、分词、动名词名词可数不可数、单数还是复数 单数是否与不定冠词连用，复数形式是否正确冠词到底是用定冠词、不定冠词还是零冠词连词行文逻辑即上下文意义是否连接一致；三大从句引出词是否正确词性断定所需词到底是形容词还是副词或名词注意：所改内容应最贴近原文； 可改可不改的，按不改对待。三、短文改错错误类型:一 词法的测试1.名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。eg: 1I have many hobby, such as football, sing, listen music.Hobby是

4、可数名词，在这要用复数形式；playing football是一项运动，football只是一种球； sing和listen to 要用动名词形式。2Do exercises do good to our healthy. exercise作运动讲是不可数名词，do exercise作主语要用动名词形式，谓动用单数；healthy是形容词， 这里要用名词形式。3Reading books is one of my hobby.  one of 后的名词应用复数形式。2. 代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，

5、常考的代词包括人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。1He drove too fast, and the police stopped her.前面提到的是he而后面却用her来代，故应将her改为him.  2This is the best film which I have ever seen.先行词前有最高级修饰应用关系代词that 而不是which。3. 冠词：英语中只有三个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了；该用an用了a，该用an却用了the.1I meant to write letter and tell

6、 you all the thingsletter为可数名词,故write后应加a.2 I like playing the football.  去the 3 He is a honest boy.    a改为an4. 介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配，介词惯用词组等是否正确。1 I am writing to thank you with your kind help.thank sb. for sth.为固定搭配，故应将with 改为for.2 Im the happiest in all.此句想表达的意思是“我是所有人中最快

7、乐的。故应将in改为 of.3 Under the help of my father, I       under  改为 with4 He went to Beijing in next Sunday.   in 改为on5.  形容词、副词：形容词、副词的误用主要指在该用形容词的地方用了副词，该用副词的地方用了形容词。改错行中出现形容词或副词时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、副词误用也是常考的改错工程之一。1 I had not interest

8、in English .interest是名词，应用形容词no来修饰，而not是副词，副词不能修饰名词2 These are the happier girls Ive ever seen.NMET2019此处有Ive ever seen限定，应用最高级，故happier应改为 happiest.3 You can borrow a book very easy.   easy 改为easily.4 These books are very worth reading.   用well 修饰6. 连词：短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，是否 符

9、合句子意思；连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此外假如是平行构造就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题。平行构造常借助与并列连词and , or , but , not onlybut also, notbut, eitheror, neither nor, as well as等。1As it has been raining these days, so we have decided to put off our sports meeting. 由于前句有As引导原因状语从句，因此后句不能再用so,故应把so 去掉。  2The population is growing,

10、but the earth must support too many people.根据上下文意思判断，前后两个并列分句不存在意义上的折，所以but应改为and或so.这是典型的并列连词误用。7. 动词：动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大，它所涉及的错误包括动词的时态、语态错误；易混动词的用法错误; 动词的第三人称单数错误；动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考察比例较大。1 动词的时态、语态错误a. I will write again and send you the photos we take together.take photos动作发生在过去，应用过

11、去时.b. The book you borrowed from the library should returned in five days.根据本句意义，should后应加上been，构成被动语态。c. In school, I often playing football for my friends.   playing改为 play;  for 改为with2 易混动词使用错误a. I persuaded him to stop smoking, but he didnt listen.persuade 意为“说服，强调成功的结果，而根据下句 he&

12、#160;  didnt listen可知，劝说并没有成功，故应改persuaded为 advised.b. You please rise your hands.rise是不及物动词，而raise是及物动词，所以举手应用  raise your hands.这属于及物动词与不及物动词的误用。3 非谓语动词使用错误a. We are looking forward to see you on the birthday party.look forward to 中的to是介词，应加动名词，将see改为seeing.b. Im sorry I keep you wait fo

13、r a long time .I got caught in the traffic.在任何情况下keep均和doing连用，如keep doing sth.; keep sb. sth.doing sth. ;keep from doing 等.c. Id like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country.to后加be。因其后是名词，而不是动词原形，不能直接用to.8. 词语固定搭配:主要考察介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配；副词、动词的固定搭配；及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句

14、型与习惯搭配等。1 My teacher advised me to keep my diary.keep a diary是固定搭配，意思是“写日记.2 In my surprise, he did very well in his previous job.To ones surprise 是固定搭配3 I thought that was dull to watch a gameNMET2019此题考察it的功能，It + be + adj. + to do为固定构造。4 the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful.解析：&

15、#160;  not only but also为固定构造，故将and 改为but.5 I have no difficulty learn maths.have difficulty in doing sth.为固定构造6 He spends too much time play games.spend some time in doing sth.为固定构造二 句法的测试：1. 主谓语在数上的一致；I hope everything are ok with you.  are 改为is2. 名词性从句；A man came up to him and asked tha

16、t he needed. that是连词，在从句中无任何意义，而后面的宾语从句缺宾语，用what引导宾语从句作宾语从句的宾语。 3. 定语从句；This would save the life of many animals, some of then have almost died out.them改为 which4. 强调句型；It is/was +被强调的部分+that/whoIt was in 1949 when he joined the army.  when改为that5. 句子构造的连接性、完好性、对等性及逻辑性。三语篇的测试 语篇的测试包括：1.上下文中的时态是否

17、一致；2.上下文中的代词是否一致；3.上下文中的逻辑是否一致；4.上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。四、复习建议：除了多做改错专项练习外，也要做与短文改错题型相关的其他练习。比方：1.在平时写作过程中就要非常注意自己容易犯的语法错误。2.还可以通过看其他同学的习作，欣赏的同时也可有意识地把该习作进展一下“改错。3.平时还可以多进展单句改错练习，逐渐体会和把握短文改错这一题型的规律。一改前通读全文, 切忌拿来就改，这一步很关键。这一步的目的是理解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。记叙文强调时间、地点、人物和事件四要素，在通读全文理解全文的同时把一些比较容易的或是明显的错误先改

18、好二分句阅读，逐行找错。在纠错时要仔细地读懂每一个句子，这时就要对文中的词法、句法和语篇详见考察要点角度着重分析和特别注意。把涉及   到以上错误类型的词多斟酌一下。三做将答案放回原文,再重读全文。其目的主要是查看有无不符合逻辑,语句不通畅,不符合英语习惯的问题。改错真题1.2019陕西卷短文改错共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分Last Sunday morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew make a new film with one of m

19、y favorite actor. I didnt have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get . Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and actor couldnt be seen everywhere. I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a building. He was right there in

20、the front of me! I couldnt believe my luck-not only did I had my photo taken with him, but he signed his name on my shirt!2.2019全国II短文改错共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分Dear George,It's been a week after we left your family and we are now   76._back home. Thank you very much for showing them around&

21、#160;     77._your city and providing us for the wonderful meals. After    78._we said goodbye to you, we went to Washington D.C.,           79._where we stayed for three days. My brother was so much fond  

22、; 80._of the museums there that he begged my parents to staying     81_another couple of day. However, my father had to return to     82._work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon. It     83_was really a nice experience. If you&

23、#39;d like to make trip to    84._our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide. 85._Yours,Mike3.2019四川卷短文改错共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分Tom was having much troubles getting up in the               66. 

24、              morning and was always late with work. His boss wanted to   67.                        

25、;  fire him if he didnt start coming on time, but he went to          68.                          the doctor for a help. The

26、 doctor gave him some                69.                          medicine and told him to take them

27、 before he went to bed.       70.                          The man did is told and slept. leally will, wake up before    

28、0;  71.                          the alarm had even gone off. He had time for a properly           72.  &

29、#160;                       breakfast and was still the first reach the factory. “Boss, he       73.          

30、                said ,that medicine really works! “Im pleasing to hear         74.                 &

31、#160;        it , said his boss, “but where were you yesterday?        4.2019全国新课标卷短文改错共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分My summer travel started terribly .I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hang Zhou. I was going to visit a fri

32、end here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it. Luckily I had all my money on my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on. It felt very strange to travel

33、without any luggages. When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes. I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.5.2019重庆卷 短文改错共10小题；每题1份，总分值10分Today is Sunday. Ive  been in Canada for two months .This is the first time that Ive been away my family for such a

34、60;      76.         long time. With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, Ive           77.         soon got used to live without my parents arou

35、nd. Katia, like         78.         many other Russian girls, are nice and lively. We became          79.         friends shortly after

36、 we meet each other. Although her English      80.         is a little hardly to understand, we enjoy chatting and we           81.         usual

37、ly talk a lot about our own family. Were both surprised        82.         that Chinese culture or Russian culture are so different. Now,        83.       

38、  we are planning a small party for the next Sunday. There , Katia      84.         will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been        85.      

39、60;  to China several times. I just cant wait.【答案】1.  Last Sunday morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favourite actor. I didnt have my making  actors camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to

40、 get . Unfortunately,  so/and  it by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and actor couldnt be seen had everywhere. I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a anywhere disappointed of building. He was right there in the front of

41、 me! I couldnt believe my luck-not only did I had my photo taken with him, but he signed his name on my shirt!       have2.2019全国II76.after-since  77.them-us  78.for-with  79.正确  80.去掉much  81.staying-stay  82.day-days  83.fly-flew

42、0;  84.trip前a  85.better-more3.2019四川卷短文改错共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分66、改troubles为trouble       67、改with 为for      68、改but 为so   69、去a        70、改them 为it       71、改wak

43、e为waking72、改properly为proper       73、reach前加to       74、改pleasing为pleased75、4.2019全国新课标卷短文改错共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分My summer travel started terribly .I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a buy改为buyingticket to Hang Zhou. I was going to visit

44、 a friend here and after that I would go to here改为thereXiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag for后加A                          but改为andfrom the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it. Luckily I had all my money on my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on. It felt very strange on改为in，was改为wereto travel without any luggages. When I fin