分词作状语用法

1、分词作状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。一、现在分词作状语一、现在分词作状语，表主动、进行，相当于一个状语从句，根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life.Being ill, she can't go to work today.The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping.1. He sent me an e-mail, _ to

2、get further information.A. hopedB. hopingC. to hopeD. hope2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _into the woods.A. seizing; disappearedB. seized; disappearedC. seizing; disappearingD. seized; disappearing二、现在分词的时态语态1. 现在分词的一般式由“动词 +ing ”构成，其被动式为“ being+ 动词过去

3、分词” 。例如： The students standing there are from Class Three.The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October.2. 现在分词的完成式由“having + 动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“having +been+ 动词过去分词”。例如： Having finished all the work, they had a good rest.Having been given the right answer, the teach

4、er asked me to sit down.Given more time, we will finish the work in time.3. 现在分词的否定式为“ not + 动词 -ing ”，被动式的否定式为“ not+being+ 动词过去分词” ，其完成式的否定式为“ not + having + 动词过去分词” 。例如： Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying.1. _ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with hi

5、m wherever he goes.A. SufferedB. SufferingC. Having suffered D. Being suffered2. Finding her car stolen, _.A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searched thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help二、过去分词作状语过去分词只有一种形式，即done，表被动。When heated， water will be

6、turned into steam.Deeply moved by the film, we all cried.Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling.1 _from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.2. _ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated.A. bein

7、g foundedB. FoundedC. It was foundedD. Founding三、过去分词与V-ing 作状语的区别1. 分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。2. V-ing 表示主动、进行的动作； 2. 过去分词表示被动。1. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited 2. _ alone in the d

8、ark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry. A. Leaving B. Left C. To be left D. Having left3._ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on thefarms.A. AttractingB. AttractedC. To be attractedD. Having attracted4. The children ran out of the room, _.A

9、laughed and jumped B To laugh and jump C laughing and jumping D laugh and jump 用所给词的适当形式填空1._ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us.2._ (give) time, he ll make a first class tennis player.3._ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.3、连词 +分词做

10、状语：分词做状语常和某些连词连用，表示分词是做什么状语，常见的和分词连用的连词有 When， because， if ， though， once， unless 等。1. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A. When takingB. when takenC. when to takeD. when to be taken2 _, this film can never been forgotten.A Once seeing Bonce having seenC

11、Once seenD Once to see四、分词作状语相当于状语从句分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。一、用作时间状语，分词(短语 )用作时间状语通常可转换成由when, while, after, before等引导时间状语从句。典型例句Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.=When As soon as the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.高考实例When _different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without n

12、oticing themany similarities.A. comparedB. being comparedC. comparingD. having compared二、用作原因状语，分词(短语 )用作原因状语通常可转换成由as, because, since, now that 等引导的原因状语从句。Being very weak, she couldn't move.=As she was very weak, she couldn t move.(1) _with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on tim

13、e.A. FacedB. Face C. FacingD. To face(2) _for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blame D. To be blamed三、用作条件状语， 分词 (短语 )用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if 引导的条件状语从句。典型例句Working hard, you will succeed.=If you work hard, you will succeed.Given more time, w

14、e could have done it better.=If we had been given more time, we could have done it better._ time, he ll make a-clafirsts tennis player.A. Having givenB. To giveC. GivingD. Given四、用作让步状语，分词(短语 )用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though, although,nomatter 等引导的让步状语从句。Although living miles away, he attended the course.=A

15、lthough he lived miles away, he attended the course.Defeated, he remained a popular boxer.=Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.A. performedB. performingC. to be performed D. being performed五、用

16、作伴随状语， 表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。典型例句即句子谓语所表示的动作为主He sat in the chair reading a newspaper.Don't you sit there doing nothing.He came in, followed by his wife.(1) Don t sit there _ nothingCome. and help me with this table.A. doB. to doC. doingD. and doing(2) My cousin came to see me

17、 from the country, _ me a full basket of fresh fruits.(3) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing.(4) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things.A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD.

18、 thought六、用作结果状语，分词(短语 )用作结果状语时，通常可转换成并列句。典型例句He died, leaving his wife with five children.=He died and left his wife with five children.(1) He glanced over at her, _ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.A. notingB. notedC. to noteD. having noted(2) Oil prices have risen by 32

19、 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.A. have reachedB. reachingC. to reachD. to be reaching课后练习题1. _ alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.A. LeavingB. LeftC. To be leftD. Having left2. _ in this way, the situation doesn t seem s

20、o disappointing.A. To lookB. Looking atC. Looked atD. To be looked at3. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To waitB. Have waitedC. Having waited D. To have waited4._ more attention, the tree could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. Givin

21、gD. Having given5._ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.A. Not completingB. Not completedC. Not having completedD. Having not completed6.Having been attacked by terrorists, _.A. doctors came to their rescueB. the tall building collapsedC. an emergency measure was taken D. wa

22、rnings were given to tourists 鱼知水恩，乃幸福之源也。鱼离不开水，人离不开亲人和朋友，当你处于逆境和灾难时，帮助你一臂之力，渡过难关的人，都是你的亲人和朋友。吃水不忘挖井人，度过苦难，不能忘记援助过你的人。知恩图报，善莫大焉。一个人要想获得幸福，必须懂得感恩。生活需要一颗感恩的心来创造，一颗感恩的心需要生活来滋养。一饭之恩，当永世不忘。顺境里给你帮助的人，不能全部称作朋友，但是能够在你逆境时依然愿意援助你，走出困境的人，一定是你要用一生去感谢和珍惜的人。唐代李商隐的晚晴里有这样一句诗：天意怜幽草，人间重晚晴。久遭雨潦之苦的幽草，忽遇晚晴，得以沾沐余辉而平添生意。当一个人闯过难关的时候，一定要记住那些支撑你，陪你一起走过厄运的朋友和亲人，这个世界谁也不亏欠谁，帮你是情分，不帮你是本分。如古人所说：淡看世事去如烟，铭记恩情存如血。学会感恩父母养育之恩，学会感恩朋友的帮助之情，生活里做一个有情有义的人。你要知道，父母，永远是你最亲近的人，是最爱你的人，不管他们的方法怎么错误？可是爱你的心，都是一样的。千万不要因为自己一时的私心，而忘记感恩。我们常常希望别人都对自己有情有义，可是想得到别人你真情，首先你必须先付出真情。你帮助别人，不要记在心里，别人帮助你，你要懂得感恩和感动，而不是当做理所当然。你要知道别人帮你是情分，不帮你是本分。侍父母，要