成人高考专升本英语高频语法词语写作整理

1、.2011年成人高考专升本英语高频语法、词汇复习l 、被动语态1. 一般现在时的被动语态：承受者+beis/am/are +done(过去分词) by+执行者E.g.： Many schools are built(done) every year in the city.note： 地点状语，时间状语一般都放在句末;in the city 特指其中 be 的使用取决于主语的单复形式。A lot of修饰可数和不可数名词Many修饰可数名词Mach修饰不可数名词主动： They all read(原形) English every day.被动：English read (过去分词)by al

2、l of them every day.主动：Mother often scolds me.被动：I am often scolded by mother一般过去式的被动语态：承受者+bewas/were +done(过去分词) by+执行者 (不明确可省略)。E.g.： 主动：He repaired his bike yesterday.被动：His bike was repaired by him yesterday.主动：Children cleaned many streets last Sunday.被动：Many streets were cleaned by children l

3、ast Sunday.现在进行时的被动语态：承受者+beis/am/are being(现在分词)done by+执行者 (不明确可省略)。E.g. 主动： He is writing his composition.被动：His composition is being written by him.Note： write/wrote/wtitten过去进行时的被动语态：承受者+bewas/were being(现在分词)done by+执行者 (不明确可省略)。E.g. 主动：He was majoring computer during his college.被动：Computer w

4、as being majored by him during his college.将来时的被动语态：承受者+be going to/will/shall(be动词原形)/be tobe done by+执行者 (不明确时可省略)。E.g.1 A big supermarket will/shall/be to be built here next yearNote ： be to ：计划或安排好的动作或行为。E.g.2 The flight is to leave for Hefei city.现在完成时的被动语态：承受者+have(复数主语)/has been done by+执行者 (

5、不明确可省略)E.g. 主动：Our School has finished many scientific researches.被动：Many scientific researches have been finished by our school.将来时态的被动语态：承受者+be going to/will/shall/be tohave been done by+执行者E.g. 主动：We ll have finished the book by the end of September.被动： The book will/shall have been finished by t

6、he end of SeptemberNote： by the end of 短语的用法(1) Will have done by the end of +将来时态(2) Had done by the end of +过去完成时态E.g. The project had been made by the end of last week.2011年成考专升本英语关键句型1、It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型She had said what it was necessary to say.2、强调句型It is not who rules us that is important，but h

7、ow he rules us.3、“All+抽象名词”或“抽象名词+itself”（very+形容词）He was all gentleness to her.4、利用词汇重复表示强调A crime is a crime a crime.5、“something（much）of”和“nothing（little）of” “something of”相当于“to some extent”，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为“anything of ”，可译为“有点”，“略微”等。译为“毫无”，“全无”。much of译为“大有”，not much of可译为“算不上”，“称不上”，little

8、 of可译为“几乎无”，something like译为“有点像，略似”。They say that he had no university education，but he seems to be something of a scholar.6、同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，“of”以及它前面的名词构成一个形容词短语，以修饰“of”后面的那个名词。如“her old sharper of a father”，可译为：“她那骗子般的父亲”。Those pigs of girls eat so much.7、asascan（may）beIt is as plain as

9、 plain can be.8、“It is in（with）as in（with）”It is in life as in a journey.9、“as good as”相等于，就像，几乎如；实际上，其实，实在。The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy，that he would adopt him.10、“many as wellas”和“might as well as” “many as wellas”可译为“与其，不如，更好”，“以这样做为宜”，“如同，也可以”等等。“might as well as”表示不可能的事，可译为“犹

10、如”，“可与一样荒唐”，“与其那样不如这样的好”等等。2011成人学位英语词汇常考考点总结一、区分可数名词和不可数名词例1：_great progress he has made！A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a此题应选C.容易误选D，误认为progress是可数名字。此题命题者主要考察了两个方面的问题：一是感叹句句型；二是名词progress的可数性。感叹句的基本结构是：1）how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！2）what+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！（主语为不可数名词或复数形式，其前不用a/an）英语中除了像air，water，milk，iron等这些中国人一

11、目了然的不可数名词外，还有一些不可数名词很容易弄错。其中典型的有：work（工作），news（消息），luck（运气），fun（有趣的事），home-work（家庭作业），advice（劝告、建议），harm（损害，伤害），progress（进步），information（信息、消息），weather（天气），wealth（财富），furniture（家具），luggage/baggage（行李）等。注意一下正误句型：误：I wish you a good luck.正：I wish you good luck.祝你好运。误：It's a great fun for us to be

12、with her.正：It's great fun for us to be with her.误：He gave us some advices.正：He gave us some advice.例2：-Where does Mr Smith work？-He works in a glass_ around here.A.workB.worksC.workingD.workes此题应选B.容易误选C，误认为：因为其前用了不定冠词a，所以不能选work（因为不可数）和works（因为是复数），D显然是错的。这里work有三个意思很容易弄混：1、表示“工作”是不可数名词：He has

13、too much work to do.他要做的工作太多。2、表示“著作”或“作品”是可数名词，但多用复数：The man gained his wealth by printing words off amous writers.他通过印刷著名作家的作品而赢得他的财富。3、表示“工厂”只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义：The glass works is are near the station.玻璃工厂在车站附近。类似地注意以下各名词因变为复数形式，而导致含义有变化：green 绿色 greens 青菜，蔬菜 wood 木头，木材woods 小树林 manner 方式，方法 manners

14、礼貌arm 臂 arms武器 water 水waters河川，海，温泉spirit 精神 spirits 心境 quarter 四分之一quarters 军营 custom 习惯 customs 关税 force 力气forces 军队例3：-Can I help you？-_，please.A.Two teas B.Two cups of teas C.Two cup teasD.Two cup of tea此题应选A.其余几项都容易被误选。要做好此题，先要弄清tea的两种用法：1、表示“茶”，是物质名词，不可数：I don't like to drink tea.我不喜欢喝茶。Wo

15、uld you like a cup of tea？要喝杯茶吗？2、在口语中可以表示“一杯茶”，是可数名词；-What can I do for you？你要吃点什么？-Two teas，please.请来两杯茶。但是值得注意的是，虽然以上两种用法都可以，但千万不要将这两种用法混杂在一起。如可以说two teas，也可以说two cupsof tea，但是不能说two cups of teas.具有类似用法的词还有coffee（咖啡）：1、表示“咖啡”，是物质名词，不可数：I prefer tea to coffee.我喜欢喝茶不喜欢喝咖啡。He served us with two cups

16、 of coffee.他用两杯咖啡招待我们。2、在口语中可以表示“一杯咖啡”，是可数名词：-Can I help you？你要点什么？-Two coffees，please.请来两杯咖啡。同时也要注意不要将以上两种用法混在一起。如可以说two coffees，也可以说two cups of coffee，但是绝对不能说two cups of coffees.二、数词dozen，score，hundred，thousand，mil lion的用法例 I want three_ these eggs. A.dozenB.dozensC.dozen ofD.dozens of此题涉及两个方面的问题：

17、一是dozen是否加词尾-s，二是其后是否接介词of.由于在这个问题上dozen与score，hundred，thousand，million极为相似，所以这里将它们放在一起叙述：1）当这些词与具体数字连用时，不用复数形式，也不后接介词of（尽管有人认为score/dozen之后有时可接of，但惯用法认为，省略of常见）：three hundred students 300名学生/three score（of）eggs 60只鸡蛋2）当这些词不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数，则不仅要用复数形式，而且要后接介词of，然后才能后接名词：thousands of students数千名学生/

18、dozens of times几十次/mil-lions of years ago数百万年前3）当这些词与a few，several，many等数目不很具体的词连用时，用不用复数形式均可，但是注意：不用复数形式，其后的介词of可以省略；用复数形式，其后介词of不能省略：several dozen（of）pencils/several dozens of pencils几打铅笔4）当这些词后面的名词有了the，these，those等特指限定词修饰时，或其后接的是us，them这样的人称代词时，则此时必须用介词of：two hundred of the workers这些工人中的200人/thr

19、eedozen of these eggs这些鸡蛋中的3打/four dozen of them它们中的4打通过以上分析：此题答案显然只能是C.三、容易弄错的集合名词It is reported that a great number of _died in the drought.A.cattlesB.policesC.peoplesD.poultry此题应选D.其余几项均可能被误选。此题主要涉及集合名词的用法，下面将集合名词的有关用法作一归纳：类：这一类包括cattle（牛），people（人），police（警察），poul-try（家禽）等，其用法特点为：只有单数形式，但却表示复数意义

20、，用作主语时谓语通常也用复数；不与a（n）连用，但可与the连用（表示总括意义和特指）：The police are looking for him.People will laugh at you.类：这一类包括family（家庭），team（队），class（班），audience（听众）等，其用法特点为：若视为整体，表示单数意义；若考虑其个体成员，表示复数意义。比较：This class consists of 45 pupils.这个班由45个学生组成。This class are studying English now.这个班的学生在学习英语。类：这一类包括baggage/lugg

21、age（行李），clothing（衣服），furniture（家俱），machinery（机器）等，其用法特点为：是不可数名词，要用单数形式，不用不定冠词（当然更不能用数词），没有复数形式：Our clothing protects us from against the cold.我们的衣服可以御寒。Have you checked all your baggage？你所有行李都托运了吗？2011年成人高考专升本英语高频词汇复习(1)1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守。2. be absent from。 缺席，不在3. absence or m

22、ind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引的注意力(被动语态)be absorbed i n 全神贯注于近be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有 6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近，进入，了解7. by accident

23、(=by chance， accidentally)偶然地，意外。 Without accident(=safely) 安全地，8. of ones own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ，主 动地9. in accord with 与一致 . out of ones accord with 同。不一致10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据12. on ones ow

24、n account 1) 为了某人的缘故， 为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at ones own risk) 自行负责 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of account 有重要性。13. takeinto account(=consider)把考虑进去14. give sb. an account of 说明， 解释 (理由)15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释， 说明。16. on account

25、 of (=because of) 由于，因为。17. on no account(=in no case， for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句 子要倒装)18. accuseof(=chargewith; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控，控告19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of， be used to)习惯于。20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met

26、 socially ) 熟悉21. act on 奉行，按照行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于23. adapt(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编， 改写(以适应新的需要)24. in addition (=besides) 此外， 又， 加之25. in addition to(=as well as， besides， other than)除外26. adhere to (=abide by， conform to， com

27、ply with， cling to， insist on， pe rsist in， observe， opinion， belief ) 粘附; 坚持， 遵循27. adjacent(=next to， close to) 毗邻的， 临近的28. adjust(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;29. admit of (=be capable of， leave room for) 的可能，留有的余地。30. in advance (before in time) 预告， 事先。31. to advantage 有利的，使优点更加突出地。32. have an a

28、dvantage over 胜过。 have the advantage of 由于处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事33. take advantage of (=make the best of， utilize， make use of， profit from， harness)利用。34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意35. in agreement (with) 同意， 一致36. ahead of 在之前， 超过;。 ahead of time 提前。37. in the air 1)不肯定， 不

29、具体。 2)在谣传中。38. above all (=especially， most important of all) 尤其是， 最重要的。39. in all (=counting everyone or everything， altogether) 总共， 总计40. after all 毕竟，到底; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎

30、。41. allow for (=take into consideration， take into account) 考虑到， 估计到 .42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计， 等于。43. answer for (undertake responsibility for， be liable for， take charge for) 对负责。44. answer to (=conform to) 适合，符合。45. be anxious about 为焦急不安; 或anxious for46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为向道歉

31、47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁。 appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力48. apply to sb. for sth. 为向申请 ; apply for申请; apply to 适用。49. apply to 与有关;适用50. approve of (=consent to， be in favor of， favor， agree to， consider good， right) 赞成， approve vt. 批准51. arise from(=be caused by) 由引起。52. arrange for sb.sth. to do

32、 sth. 安排做53. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出，作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方);54. be ashamed of (=feel shame， guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以 为羞耻55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向保证， 使确信。56. attach(to) (=to fix， fasten; join) 缚， 系 ，结57. make an attempt at doing

33、sth. (to do sth.) 试图做58. attend to (=give ones attention， care and thought)注意，照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon， serve， look after) 侍候，照料59. attitude to toward 对的态度。看法60. attributeto(=to believe sth. to be the result of)把归因于， 认为是的结果61. on the average (=on average， on an average) 平均62. (be) aware of (=be

34、 conscious of ， having knowledge or consciousness)意识到，知道。63. at the back of (=behind) 在后面64. in the back of 在后部(里面); on the back of 在后部(外面); be on ones back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起。65. at ones back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持，维护; have sb. at one s back 有支持， 有作后台66. turn ones back on sb. (=turn away

35、 from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人)，背弃，抛弃67. behind ones back 背着某人(说坏话)68. be based on upon 基于69. on the basis of 根据， 在基础上70. beatat 在运动项目上打赢71. begin with 以开始。 to begin with (=first of all) 首先， 第一(经常用于开始语)72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以名义73. believe in(=have faith or trust in; cons

36、ider sth.sb. to be true) 相信，依赖，信仰。74. benefit (from) 受益，得到好处。75. for the benefit of 为了的利益(好处)76. for the better 好转77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败， 胜过。78. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生79. blame sb. for sth. 因责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把推在某人身上80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in bl

37、ossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)81. on board 到船上， 在船上， 上火车或飞机82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘83. out of breath 喘不过气来84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之85. in bulk 成批地，不散装的86. take the floor 起立发言87. on business 出差办事。88. be busy with sth.于某事 . be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事89. last but one 倒数第二。9

38、0. but for (=without) 要不是。 表示假设91. buy sth. formoney 用多少钱买92. be capable of 能够， 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词是能够被的93. in any case(=for love or money， at any rate， at any price， at any cost ， whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何94. in case (=for fear that) 万一;95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生万一 in the c

39、ase of 至于， 就而言96. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)97. be cautious of 谨防98. center ones attention on(=focus ones attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在上99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握， 一定。100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地，有把握地101. by chance(=accidentally， by accident)偶然102. for a change换换环境(花样等)103. charge sb. wit

40、h 控告某人犯有104. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责(某事) in the charge of 由管105. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)106. chargefor 因索取(费用) ， charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有107. round the clock(=all day and all night， usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地108. comment on 评论109. commit oneself t

41、o 使自己承担 commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱; commit ones idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来; commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论110. in common (和)有共同之处，共用。 be common to sb. 是与某人所共有的111. keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和要好。112. comparewith 把与比较113. compareto 把比作114. by comparison 比较起来115. i

42、n comparison with (=in contrast to) 和比起来116. compensate for (=give sth. to make up for) 补偿， 赔偿，弥补 compensate sb. for sth. 赔偿，弥补117. complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.) 向某人抱怨; complain (抱怨); complement (补充); compliment (恭维)118. comply with (=act

43、in accordance with a demand， order， rule etc.) 遵守， 依从119. conceive of (think of， imagine， consider) 想象，设想120. concentrate on (or upon) 集中，专心121. be concerned with (=about) 与有关122. concern oneself about with 关心123. in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一点; at the conclusion of 当结束时;124. condemn sb. to 判

44、决125. on condition that (=if)以为条件， 假如。 in that = because因为; now that = since既然 for all that = although 尽管126. in out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit) 健康状况好不好 . in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态127. confess(to)(=admit a fault， crime， or sth. wrong)承认， 供认; confess to a crime 承认罪行。128.

45、confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about ones secret) 对讲真心话， 依赖129. in confidence 推心置腹地; with confidence 满怀信心地; have confidence in 对有信心130. confidence in sb. sth. 对的信赖131. be confident of 有信心; confidential 机密的132. confineto 把限制在某范围内133. confirm sb. in 使某人更坚定(信念等)134. conform to (=be in agreement wit

46、h， comply with) 符合，遵照，遵守;1)obey 服从; 2) observe; 3)comply with照办; 4)keep to遵循; 5)abide by服从;6)stick to按做135. be confronted with(=be brought face to face with) 面对， 面临136. congratulate sb. on 祝贺137. in connection with(=with regard to)关于，138. be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察，知道139. consent to(=give agree

47、ment to permission)同意140. in consequence (=as a result) 结果151. be content with(=be satisfied with) 满足于be content to do sth. 愿意做某事152. contrary to (=in opposition to) 与相反153. on the contrary 相反154. contrastwith 把与相对(对照)155. in contrast towith 和形成对比 by contrast 对比之下156. contribute to 有助于157. under con

48、trol (被)控制住 out of control无法控制158. at ones convenience(=where and when it suits one) 在方便的时间或地点 .be convenient to for 对方便159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.) 使某人确信，try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做160. cope with(=deal with， try to find a solution to)应付， 处理16

49、1. in the corner(of)在角落里;on(at) the comer of a street在街道拐弯处;round the comer拐过弯; be in a tight corner陷入困境162. correspond (with) ( =exchange letters regularly) 通信163. correspond to 相当于 . correspond with 符合，一致164. at all costs不惜任何代价 . at the cost of 以为代价165. a matter of course 理所当然的事166. as a matter of

50、 course 当然地， 自然地167. in (during) the course 在过程中168. in due course (=without too much delay) 没经过太久， 到一定时候169. on credit赊购; with credit以优异成绩; to ones credit使某人感到光荣; do sb. credit 使感到光荣170.be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的171. cure sb. of+某种疾病 治好某人的疾病172.a danger to对的危险; be in danger(of)处于危险中; be out of danger

51、脱离危险173. to date(=so far， until now) 到目前为止174. out of date过时的;up to date新式的，时兴的; date back to可追溯到; date from从某时期开始(有)175. deal with (=concern) 论及176. be in debt to sb. 欠的债177. on the decline 在衰退中， 在减少中 in decline 下降; on the increase 在增加178. to ones delight 令某人感到高兴 to ones regret 遗憾; sorrow悲痛; relief

52、 安心; distress 苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise 惊奇; astonishment 惊奇;179. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢， 取乐180. take (a) delight in 喜欢干， 以为乐181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求(非物质的)东西。 demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物质的)东西182.in demand有需求;on demand受到要求时183. be dependent on 依靠184. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某

53、人某物185. derivefrom(=obtainfrom)从取得，由来的。derive from(=come from)起源于186. despair of (=lose all hope of) 绝望187. in despair 绝望188. despite (=in spite of) 不管， 尽管189. in detail 详细地190. deviate from 偏离， 不按办191. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食， 节食192. differ fromin 与的区别在于193. in difficulties有困难，处境困难，194. discharge sb. (fr

54、om)for (=dismiss sb. from a job for) 因解雇， 开除195. fall back (=retreat， turn back) 撤退; in disorder 慌乱地， 狼狈不堪196. on display(=being shown publicly)陈列197. dispose of (=get rid of ，throw away)处理掉198. beyond dispute不容争议的，无可争议199. in dispute 在争议中200. in the distance 在远处。 make out 辩认出2011成人高考备战：专升本英语作文范文八篇第

55、一篇：金钱是一切吗？In Money Everything？I dont think money is everything， but we cant do without it. Fox example， money cant buy us happiness and a good education. And for another example， money cant buy us good health and a long life. But we can not live without money. We need it for our daily necessities such as food， clothes and transportation. Whats more， we need it to live a better life. In sh