北师大版高二英语选修8课件：Unit 23(共70张PPT)

1、Section Communication Workshop语言点一语言点一单词集释单词集释板块板块语言点二语言点二短语荟萃短语荟萃板块板块语言点三语言点三句型解构句型解构板块板块课课时时跟跟踪踪检检测测Unit 23识识记记 . .掌掌握握理理解解 . .拓拓展展应应用用 . .落落实实识识记记 . .掌掌握握理理解解 . .拓拓展展应应用用 . .落落实实识识记记 . .掌掌握握理理解解 . .拓拓展展应应用用 . . 落落实实写作讲座写作讲座佳佳作作观观摩摩技技法法指指导导专专题题练练习习A根据英文释义写出单词根据英文释义写出单词1 to bring something into a c

2、ountry from abroad2 to give money to a sports event, theatre etc. as a way of advertising3 to have something in your mind as a plan or purpose4 to write a plan, report etc, which will need to be changed before it is in its finished form 5 the money that you spend on sth.importsponsorintenddraftexpen

3、seB根据词性和汉语意思写出单词根据词性和汉语意思写出单词6 vt.(使使)变强，加强变强，加强 n力气；优势力气；优势 adj.强的，强壮的强的，强壮的7 adj.不健壮的不健壮的 n不健康，状态欠佳不健康，状态欠佳 adj.健壮的，健康的健壮的，健康的 n健康健康8 n解放解放 v解放解放9 n社会主义社会主义 n社会主义者社会主义者 adj.社会的，社交的社会的，社交的10 vt.拥有拥有 n拥有，具有拥有，具有strengthenstrengthstrongunfitunfitnessfitfitnessliberationliberatesocialismsocialistsocia

4、l possesspossession1import vt.进口进口n.进口，输入的产品或劳务进口，输入的产品或劳务教材原句教材原句I am writing to you about the imported Tour de France exercise bike (serial number 39879) which I bought .给您写信是关于我买的进口环法自行车给您写信是关于我买的进口环法自行车(序列号序列号39879)的事情的事情India imported a great amount of food because of its large population.印度人口众

5、多，因此粮食进口量很大。印度人口众多，因此粮食进口量很大。import .into .进口进口到到import .from . 从从进口进口export vt. 出口出口export .to . 把把出口到出口到Japan imports most of its coal other countries.日本从其他国家进口大部分的煤炭。日本从其他国家进口大部分的煤炭。Iran its oil other countries every year.伊朗每年都向其他国家出口石油。伊朗每年都向其他国家出口石油。fromexportsto2intend vt.想要，打算想要，打算教材原句教材原句Unl

6、ess I receive a positive reply within the next three weeks, I intend to take further action.除非我在三周之内得到确定的答复，否则我会采取进一除非我在三周之内得到确定的答复，否则我会采取进一步行动。步行动。intend to do / doing sth. 打算做某事打算做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事打算让某人做某事be intended for 专供专供(使用使用)；旨在；旨在It is intended that . 打算打算intend sth. as sth.

7、把把当作当作be intended as 计划用作计划用作I intend to get/getting there as soon as I can.我打算尽快赶到哪里。我打算尽快赶到哪里。His mother a doctor.他妈妈打算让他成为一名医生。他妈妈打算让他成为一名医生。The book is intended for children aged 57.这本书是专为这本书是专为5至至7岁的儿童写的。岁的儿童写的。 all new employees will receive training.按计划所有新员工都要接受培训。按计划所有新员工都要接受培训。intends him t

8、o becomeIt is intended that3expense n费用，开支费用，开支教材原句教材原句The film All Quiet On the Western Front was made in 1930 at huge expense with what was then an enormous budget of one and a quarter million dollars.1930年，电影年，电影西线无战事西线无战事的制作耗资巨大，的制作耗资巨大，125万万美金是当时一笔庞大的预算。美金是当时一笔庞大的预算。She always travels first cla

9、ss regardless of expense.无论费用多高，她总是乘坐头等舱。无论费用多高，她总是乘坐头等舱。at great / little expense 花了很多花了很多/很少钱很少钱at ones expense 由某人付费由某人付费at the expense of . 以以为代价，在牺牲为代价，在牺牲的情况下的情况下spare no expense 不惜一切代价不惜一切代价expensive adj. 昂贵的；价格高的昂贵的；价格高的We were taken out for a meal at the companys expense.公司出钱请我们外出就餐。公司出钱请我们

10、外出就餐。He built up the business his health.他以自己的健康为代价逐步建立起这个企业。他以自己的健康为代价逐步建立起这个企业。She to make the party a success.为使聚会成功她不惜一切代价。为使聚会成功她不惜一切代价。at the expense ofspared no expense4possess vt.拥有拥有The country possesses rich mineral deposits, which should be valued.这个国家拥有丰富的矿产资源，这是应该珍惜的。这个国家拥有丰富的矿产资源，这是应该珍

11、惜的。be possessed of拥有，占有；具有拥有，占有；具有possession n. 拥有，占有；所有物，财产拥有，占有；所有物，财产take possession of 拥有，占有拥有，占有(主语通常为人主语通常为人)in possession of 占有，拥有占有，拥有(主语通常为人主语通常为人)in the possession of 为为所有所有(主语通常为物主语通常为物)She exceptional powers of concentration.她有高超的专注能力。她有高超的专注能力。We didnt the car until a few days after the

12、 auction.拍卖会过后几天，我们才真正拿到了那辆车。拍卖会过后几天，我们才真正拿到了那辆车。She was found in possession of stolen goods.她被发现藏有赃物。她被发现藏有赃物。was possessed oftake possession of.单词拼写单词拼写1Im afraid he doesnt (拥有拥有) a sense of humor.2The pay he gets can hardly cover his (开支开支)3We (打算打算) this article as teaching material.4Several com

13、panies will (赞助赞助) this TV programme.possessexpensesintendsponsor5Our friendship has (加强加强) over the years.6These books are (不适合的不适合的) for children to read.7I have no idea of what is in fashion, so my choice is quite (任意的任意的)8At one time in that country cucumbers were forbidden to be (进口进口) from Spa

14、nish.strengthenedunfitarbitraryimported.单项填空单项填空1We must do something to _ the old house, or it might fall down.AstrengthenBfastenCfix Drepair解析：解析：选选 。句意：我们必须做些事情来加固这座老房。句意：我们必须做些事情来加固这座老房子，否则它可能倒塌。子，否则它可能倒塌。strengthen意为意为“加固加固”，与后面的，与后面的might fall down相吻合。相吻合。A2One thousand dollars a month is not

15、a fortune but would help cover my living _.Abills BexpensesCprices Dcharges解析：解析：选选 。句意：一个月一千美元不是一笔财富，但。句意：一个月一千美元不是一笔财富，但是能够帮助支付我的生活费用。是能够帮助支付我的生活费用。bill“账单账单”；expense“费费用；支出用；支出”；price“价格价格”；charge“索价索价”。B3Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still _ the traditional customs.Aperform

16、BpossessCobserve Dsupport解析：解析：选选 。句意：尽管许多中国人在国外居住多年，。句意：尽管许多中国人在国外居住多年，但他们仍然沿袭传统的风俗习惯。但他们仍然沿袭传统的风俗习惯。perform“表演表演”；possess“拥有拥有”；observe“遵守，遵循遵守，遵循”；support“支持支持”。C项符合语境。项符合语境。C4I didnt think you were coming.Oh, I _ to stay at home, but I changed my mind.Awould have intended Bwas intendingChad inte

17、nded Dhave intended解析：解析：选选 。从答语中的后一分句。从答语中的后一分句“但我改变了主意但我改变了主意”可可知，此处用知，此处用had intended to do sth.“过去本来打算做某过去本来打算做某事事(但没有做但没有做)”，故选，故选C。C5The report calls for a ban on the _ of dangerous wastes from foreign countries.Aexport BimportCoutput Dproduct解析：解析：选选 。句意：这篇报道呼吁禁止从国外进口危险。句意：这篇报道呼吁禁止从国外进口危险的废弃物

18、。的废弃物。import“ 进口进口”，符合句意。，符合句意。B1 好像好像2 全速地全速地3 与与联系联系/接触接触4 盼望，期待盼望，期待5 命丧黄泉命丧黄泉6join up 7rope off 8bring sth. on sb. 9look into 10sort out as though/ifat full speedin contact withlook forward to pushing up daisies参军，入伍；连接参军，入伍；连接用绳围起用绳围起(隔开隔开)给某人招来给某人招来(不愉快的不愉快的)事情事情调查调查解决解决(问题或困难问题或困难)；整理；挑选；整理；挑

19、选1join up参军，入伍参军，入伍教材原句教材原句The film begins at the start of the war and shows examples of the enthusiasm for the war in 1914 which persuaded millions of young Europeans to join up and fight for their country.电影的情节始于战争开始，展现了电影的情节始于战争开始，展现了1914年欧洲的年轻人年欧洲的年轻人在对战争的狂热驱使下参军为国而战的生动事例。在对战争的狂热驱使下参军为国而战的生动事例。O

20、n leaving college, my brother joined up.我的弟弟大学一毕业就参军了。我的弟弟大学一毕业就参军了。join up with sb.与与联合，与联合，与会合会合join hands (with) (与与)携手合作；挽手携手合作；挽手join sb. in doing 与某人一起做与某人一起做join in 参加参加(活动活动)We plan to join up with the other team at the top of the mountain.我们计划与另一个队在山顶会合。我们计划与另一个队在山顶会合。Education has been rel

21、uctant to join hands with business.教育一向不肯与企业联手发展。教育一向不肯与企业联手发展。I am sure youll all wishing Ted and Laura a very happy marriage.我相信大家会愿意和我一起共祝特德和劳拉喜结良缘。我相信大家会愿意和我一起共祝特德和劳拉喜结良缘。join me in2bring sth. on sb.给某人招来给某人招来(不愉快的不愉快的)事情事情教材原句教材原句He made me feel that Id brought these troubles on myself by buyin

22、g the bike in the first place.他使我感觉首先是我买这辆车给自己带来了麻烦。他使我感觉首先是我买这辆车给自己带来了麻烦。The drought in the southwest of China brought heavy losses on the local people last year.去年中国西南部的干旱给当地人带来了很大的损失。去年中国西南部的干旱给当地人带来了很大的损失。I have no sympathy for you; you brought it all on yourself.我根本不同情你我根本不同情你这都怪你自己。这都怪你自己。brin

23、g about 导致，引起导致，引起bring down 降低；击落；使降低；击落；使着陆；打垮着陆；打垮/倒倒/落落bring forward 提出；提前提出；提前bring in 让让参与；引进；赚得参与；引进；赚得bring out 使使显现；阐明显现；阐明bring up 抚养；教养；呕吐抚养；教养；呕吐The sale of the house only about 45,000.卖房子只赚了约卖房子只赚了约4.5万英镑。万英镑。He left her three young children on her own.他留下她独自抚养他留下她独自抚养3个年幼的孩子。个年幼的孩子。bro

24、ught into bring up3look into调查调查教材原句教材原句And we will look into the subject of compensating you for your injury.我们将对这个事件进行协调，赔偿你受伤的损失。我们将对这个事件进行协调，赔偿你受伤的损失。A working party has been set up to look into the problem.已成立了一个工作组来调查这个问题。已成立了一个工作组来调查这个问题。look around 四下看，环顾四下看，环顾look up 抬头看；查阅抬头看；查阅look ahead

25、向前看；为将来打算向前看；为将来打算look through 通过通过看；浏览看；浏览People came out of their house and looked around.人们走出家门环顾四周。人们走出家门环顾四周。She her notes before the exam.她考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。她考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。looked through4sort out解决解决(问题或困难问题或困难)；挑选；整理；挑选；整理教材原句教材原句. what I suggest is that you come along to our office with a doctors ce

26、rtificate and we can sort out the money for your injury on the spot.我建议您带着医生的证明来我们办公室一趟，我们我建议您带着医生的证明来我们办公室一趟，我们将当场解决您受伤的赔偿金问题。将当场解决您受伤的赔偿金问题。There is something wrong with the program. Ill try to sort things out and call you back.程序出了点问题。我会设法解决，然后给你回电话。程序出了点问题。我会设法解决，然后给你回电话。The fishermen the little

27、 fish and put them back into the sea.渔夫把小鱼挑出来，放回海里。渔夫把小鱼挑出来，放回海里。It is necessary that he (should) sort out the information for my reference.他有必要整理出资料供我参考。他有必要整理出资料供我参考。sorted outsort .into . 把把分成分成sort through 查看并整理查看并整理sort of 有几分；有那么一点有几分；有那么一点The computer sorts the words into alphabetical order.计

28、算机按字母顺序排列这些单词。计算机按字母顺序排列这些单词。She pretends that she doesnt really care.她摆出一副并不真正在乎的样子。她摆出一副并不真正在乎的样子。sort ofsort out， bring .on， join up， look into， rope off.选词填空选词填空1The little factory noise pollution the nearby villagers.2 the papers and fasten them with a clip.3Her grandfather when he was 17 years

29、 old.4We have to the cause of the accident.5Police the street to investigate the accident.bringsonSort outjoined uplook intoroped off.单项填空单项填空1Our school will _ some new teachers next term as a result of increasing students.Abring intoBbring backCbring in Dbring on解析：解析：选选 。句意：由于学生人数增多，下学期我们学。句意：由于学

30、生人数增多，下学期我们学校将招聘一些新老师。校将招聘一些新老师。bring in表示表示“引进引进”。C2(2011福建高考福建高考)Born into a family with three brothers, David was_ to value the sense of sharing.Abrought up Bturned downClooked after Dheld back解析：解析：选选 。考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为出生在有。考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为出生在有三个兄弟的家庭，三个兄弟的家庭，David受到要重视分享的教育。受到要重视分享的教育。bring up“养育，教养

31、养育，教养”；turn down“关小；拒绝关小；拒绝”；look after “照料照料”；hold back“阻碍阻碍”。A3If you cant _ the difficulty yourself, I will ask Tom to help you.Amake out Bsort outCfigure out Dpick out解析：解析：选选 。句意：如果你自己不能解决这个问题，我。句意：如果你自己不能解决这个问题，我会让汤姆帮你。四个选项中只有会让汤姆帮你。四个选项中只有sort out有有“解决问题解决问题”之之意。因此意。因此B项正确。项正确。B4(2011四川高考四川高考

32、)I often _ the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet.Alook up Blook atClook for Dlook into解析：解析：选选 。考查动词短语。句意：我经常在词典里或。考查动词短语。句意：我经常在词典里或者网上查找我不认识的单词。者网上查找我不认识的单词。look up“查询，查找查询，查找”；look at“看看”；look for“寻找寻找”；look into“调查调查”。故选。故选A。A5Did you _ or were you forced into the army?Ajoin

33、 up Bbring upCput up Dlook up解析：解析：选选 。句意：你是自己参的军，还是被迫入伍。句意：你是自己参的军，还是被迫入伍的？的？join up“参军，入伍参军，入伍”；bring up“教育，抚养；呕教育，抚养；呕吐吐”；put up“举起；张贴举起；张贴”；look up抬头看；查阅抬头看；查阅“。A1句型展示句型展示 In fact, the_more I use the bike, the_more weight I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.事实上，尽

34、管我仔细按照说明手册做，我用自行车越多，事实上，尽管我仔细按照说明手册做，我用自行车越多，体重增加的就越多。体重增加的就越多。典例背诵典例背诵The higher the ape goes, the more he shows his tail.猴子爬得越高，尾巴越加暴露。猴子爬得越高，尾巴越加暴露。2句型展示句型展示 As_well_as falling off the bike and nearly breaking my arm, I pulled a muscle in my leg, which has caused me terrible pain and meant that I

35、 have had to take three days off work.除了从自行车上摔下来，差点摔断我的胳膊之外，我还除了从自行车上摔下来，差点摔断我的胳膊之外，我还拉伤了腿部的一块肌肉，这给我带来了可怕的疼痛，而拉伤了腿部的一块肌肉，这给我带来了可怕的疼痛，而且意味着我必须休假三天。且意味着我必须休假三天。典例背诵典例背诵Living things need air and light as well as water.生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。1In fact, the_more I use the bike, the_more weight

36、 I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.事实上，尽管仔细遵照说明书使用，可我越是骑自行车，事实上，尽管仔细遵照说明书使用，可我越是骑自行车，好像越增肥。好像越增肥。(1)句中句中 the more., the more. 表示表示“越越， 就越就越”。前一个前一个 the more 引导的句子相当于一个条件状语从句，引导的句子相当于一个条件状语从句，后一个后一个 the more 引导的句子相当于相应的主句。引导的句子相当于相应的主句。The more a man knows, the more

37、 he is inclined to be modest.大智若愚。大智若愚。(2)the more .the less .越越就越不就越不The more preparation you do now, the less nervous youll be before the exam.现在你准备得越充分，考试前你就越不紧张。现在你准备得越充分，考试前你就越不紧张。 fruit and vegetables you eat, chance you have of getting cancer.吃的蔬菜、水果越多，得癌症的可能性就越低。吃的蔬菜、水果越多，得癌症的可能性就越低。(3)“the比

38、较级比较级(主语谓语主语谓语)，the比较级比较级(主语谓主语谓语语)”结构，常以省略的形式出现。结构，常以省略的形式出现。The more haste, the less speed.欲速则不达。欲速则不达。The morethe less点津点津该句型中如果后面的主句用一般将来时，那么前面该句型中如果后面的主句用一般将来时，那么前面的状语从句通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。的状语从句通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you .你越细心，你犯的错越少。你越细心，你犯的错越少。will make2As_we

39、ll_as falling off the bike and nearly breaking my arm, I pulled a muscle in my leg, which has caused me terrible pain and meant that I have had to take three days off work.除了从自行车上摔下来，差点摔断我的胳膊之外，我还除了从自行车上摔下来，差点摔断我的胳膊之外，我还拉伤了腿部的一块肌肉，这给我带来了可怕的疼痛，而拉伤了腿部的一块肌肉，这给我带来了可怕的疼痛，而且意味着我必须休假三天。且意味着我必须休假三天。(1)句式结构分

40、析：句式结构分析：(2)as well as 在此作介词，相当于在此作介词，相当于besides/in addition to，意，意为为“除除之外之外(还还)”，后面通常接名词或动词，后面通常接名词或动词ing形式，尤其形式，尤其是位于句首时。是位于句首时。As well as knowing some Russian, she speaks English very well.除了懂一点俄语之外，她的英语讲得很好。除了懂一点俄语之外，她的英语讲得很好。(3)as well as 用作连词，连接两个并列成分，如名词、形容用作连词，连接两个并列成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词短语等，意为词、动

41、词、介词短语等，意为“不但不但而且，既而且，既又又”。此时此时as well as 通常不位于句首，且强调的是其前的成分，而通常不位于句首，且强调的是其前的成分，而不是其后的成分。不是其后的成分。She continued her own work as well as helped me.她除了帮助我，还继续自己的工作。她除了帮助我，还继续自己的工作。It is unpleasant in summer in winter.冬天不好过，夏天也不好过。冬天不好过，夏天也不好过。Li Ming as well as his classmates listening to music.李明和他的同

42、学在听音乐。李明和他的同学在听音乐。点津点津当当as well as连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要和词要和as well as前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。as well aswas.完成句子完成句子1你工作越努力，未来就越光明。你工作越努力，未来就越光明。 you work, your future will be.2老师和他的学生每年都去乡下。老师和他的学生每年都去乡下。The teacher as well as his students every year.3你练习得越多，你就会说得越流利。你练习得越多，你就

43、会说得越流利。 , the more fluently you speak it.The harderthe bettergoes to the countrysideThe more you practise.单项填空单项填空1_ the danger from the enemy action, people had to deal with a severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel and almost everything.AAs soon asBAs long asCAs far as DAs well as解析：解析：选选 。句意：除了应付

44、敌人的行动带来的危险外，。句意：除了应付敌人的行动带来的危险外，人们还得应对衣、食、燃料以及几乎所有东西的短缺问人们还得应对衣、食、燃料以及几乎所有东西的短缺问题。题。as well as “除除外外”，符合语境。，符合语境。as soon as“一一就就”；as long as “只要只要”；as far as“远至；远至；就就而言而言”。D2At first I thought I understood what my teacher said, but the more he explained, _.A. the more I became confusedBI became conf

45、used moreCthe more confused I becameDthe more confused did I become 解析：解析：选选 。考查。考查“the比较级主语谓语，比较级主语谓语，the比比较级主语谓语较级主语谓语”结构。结构。confused的比较级是的比较级是more confused，故答案选，故答案选C。句意：起初我认为我理解了老师。句意：起初我认为我理解了老师所说的话，但是他解释得越多，我就越糊涂。所说的话，但是他解释得越多，我就越糊涂。C投诉信投诉信 假如你是图片中的顾客，请根据图假如你是图片中的顾客，请根据图片所提示的内容，给商家经理写一封信，片所提示的

46、内容，给商家经理写一封信，陈述自己的遭遇，并要求合理的索赔。陈述自己的遭遇，并要求合理的索赔。注意：文章开头和结尾已给出。注意：文章开头和结尾已给出。参考词汇：进口奶粉参考词汇：进口奶粉imported powdered milk Dear Manager， Much to my regret, I write this letter to have a complaint against one of your shop assistants concerning bad service in the course of our shopping yesterday. _Yours resp

47、ectfully，A faithful customerDear Manager， Much to my regret, I write this letter to have a complaint against one of your shop assistants concerning bad service in the course of our shopping yesterday. Yesterday we bought a bottle of imported powdered milk from your supermarket.However, when it was o

48、pened, to our great surprise, we found that an ugly worm was “swimming” inside the powdered milk.Immediately, we took the bottle to the shop assistant who sold thepowdered milk, hoping to get a satisfactory explanation.Things became worse when we asked for a sincere apology and another bottle of imp

49、orted powdered milk.The shop assistant told us that he would meet our demands unless we could provide enough proof saying the worm was from Holland, as the letters on the bottle say it was made in Holland.What a joke! Now we ask you to look into this matter.We demand that the shop assistant make an

50、official apology to us and a new bottle of powdered milk be delivered to us as soon as possible.Yours respectfully，A faithful customer 文章第一段开门见山地提出抱怨的理由，第二段陈文章第一段开门见山地提出抱怨的理由，第二段陈述了事情的经过及自己的遭遇，最后一段向对方提出要述了事情的经过及自己的遭遇，最后一段向对方提出要求。求。 1文章使用较多高级词汇和关联词，如：文章使用较多高级词汇和关联词，如：imported (句句)，to ones surprise (句

51、句)，satisfactory (句句)，delivered (句句)，as soon as possible (句句)，however (句句)，immediately (句句)，now(句句)等。等。 2文章使用较多高级表达方式。如文章使用较多高级表达方式。如句中使用了时间句中使用了时间状语从句状语从句when it was opened .； 句中使用现在分词结构句中使用现在分词结构hoping to get a satisfactory explanation作状语；作状语； 句中使用了感叹句句中使用了感叹句What a joke！等。！等。 投诉是人们在日常生活中受到欺骗或不合理、不

52、公平的投诉是人们在日常生活中受到欺骗或不合理、不公平的对待时的一种积极有效的反应方式，而写投诉信是人们无法对待时的一种积极有效的反应方式，而写投诉信是人们无法直接陈述或不便于直接陈述时所采取的必要手段。投诉信除直接陈述或不便于直接陈述时所采取的必要手段。投诉信除了具有一般书信的格式外，还要注意以下几点：了具有一般书信的格式外，还要注意以下几点：1投诉信通常是写给厂家、商店、消费者协会、报界、商投诉信通常是写给厂家、商店、消费者协会、报界、商店的上级主管部门，揭发产品质量的低劣、服务态度的店的上级主管部门，揭发产品质量的低劣、服务态度的糟糕，抱怨不应出现的情况或问题等，以求得解决的信糟糕，抱怨不应出现的情况或问题等，以求得解决的信件。件。2写投诉信要实事求是地把问题讲清楚，态度要冷静，要写投诉信要实事求是地把问题讲清楚，态度要冷静，要写得有理有据，令人信服。做到有礼貌，不能恶语伤人。写得有理有据，令人信服。做到有礼貌，不能恶语伤人。3引出主题。说明投诉原