中考英语专题--名词

1、中考专项名词()1.Are those?-No, they aren' t. They ' re.A. sheep ; cowsB. sheep ; cowC. sheeps ; cowD. sheeps ; cows()4.room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and LilyB. Lucy and Lily ' sC. Lucy ' s and Lily D. Lucy ' s and Lily ' s()8.It' s only about tenwalk to the nearest post offi

2、ce.A. minutes B. minute ' s C. minutes ' D. minute【知识点精讲】1. 定义：名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象 的东西。2. 分类：名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词女口： John is a studentstudent是普通名词，John是专有名词普通名词可以用不定冠词：a/an+普通名词定冠词：the+普通名词或不加冠词普通名词 可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词、集体名词是可数名词，物质名词、抽象名称是不可数名词。专有名词专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构

3、、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。专有名词前一般不加冠词,首字母要大写。3. 名词的数分类：名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。some, any , a lot of (lots of)两者都可以修饰。女口： We should collect some useful in formation我 们应该收集一些有用的消息。pienty of ,some ,a lot of ,lots of ,most of 等可与两者连用。1可数名词的复数A、规则变化1) 一般力卩 sbookspens2) s; sh; ch; x 结尾力卩 es buses classes watches boxes3)

4、 f (fe)结尾则变 f(fe)为 v 加 esleaf leaveswife- wives life- lives4) 丰“ +y”结尾变 y 为 i 力卩 es city itiescountry- countiesB. 不规则变化：1. man men ; woman wome n ;childchildre npoliceman policeme nEn glishma n En glishme nFren chmar Fren chme nfootfeet ; toothteeth mouse(鼠) micegoose- geese2以o结尾的分两类Zoos radios phot

5、os pia nosHeroespotato potatoestomatotomatoes3 单复同形：fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese; Japanese4 “某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面.eg. German Germa ns5 people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念The police are look ing for the missi ng boy.6. 复合名词a boy student - two boy studentsa man teacher -two men teacher4名词所有格：名词s意思是的”A.有生命

6、的名词所有格，一般在后加“'”但注意:1) 表两者共有则在后者加“'Lucy and Lily ' s fatBe西和莉莉的父亲Lucy' s and Lily's露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲2) 以s结尾的词只加不以s结尾的词加s5#Children s Dayeg. 1） the boys booTeachers Day3) 无生命的名词所有格用of来引导eg. the legof the desk4) 双重所有格：a friend of my father' sa friend of mine ( V ) a friend of my( x )5

7、.不可数名词：1.常见的不可数名词有：water, rice, fish, meat,等。应特别记 medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood.2. 不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如：Some breadover there.(be)3. 常用 how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不可数名词。4. 常用a piece of,a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达“两片面包”这样的意义，bread仍为不可数名词，不加

8、s,而piece则可加s。即：two pieces of bread请区别：可数名词也可用量来表示，女口：三箱苹果three boxes of即ples名词的格名词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“s”。如：TomTom's译为“的”，若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“”即可。女口： Teachers' Day , two weeks'holiday，而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加's。如：Children's Day注意：主谓一致问题：单位词后的动词单复数形式往往取决于单位词的单复数形式；千、百等数词与名词加用，表示复数时，数词仍保持单数，

9、名词变复数。如 two hundred stude nts（200名学生）ten thousa nd trees（10000棵树）#例子：1. He caught a lot of fish他抓到了许多鱼（此处为许多条鱼，fish的复数仍为fish或fishes）=He caught a lot of fishes.2. The paper is about somefresh-water fishes. 这篇论文是有关几种淡水鱼的。（此处fish表示不同种类的鱼，加复数词尾-es）【典型例题及相似题练习】()1.Mum, I ' m quite thirsty. Please giv

10、e me.A. two orange B. two bottles of orangeC. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oran ges()2.I have gotn ews from my frie nd. Do you want to know?A. a very goodB. anyC. a piece ofD. two pieces.()3. The threewill be put into pris on.A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs '()4.He ofte n hasfor

11、breakfast.A. two breadsB. two piece of breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads()5.Mrs. Green has two. They ' re very bright.A. childs B. child C. children ' s D. children【课堂综合练习】一、写出下列名词的复数1.book 2.bus 3.orangebaby 5.boy 6.my77. his 8.knife 9.watchlO.sheep11. tooth12. leaf13.Ger

12、man14.Chinese二.选出正确选项()6.What did the headmaster say about Jim' sA. two mon ths holiday B. two mon ths' holidayC. two-m on th holiday D. two month ' s holidays()7.1 won ' t go there with you, for I have a lot ofto do.A. works B. job C. work D. worki ng()8.Li Lei is a frie nd of.A. I

13、sisterB. my sister ' sC. me sisterD. my sister of()9.Have you read?A. today ' sB. today paperC. the today ' s paper today ' s paper()10.How manyare there in the room?A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes【课后限时作业】1.写出下面名词的复数1. dog2. glass3. ear4. shark5. duck5. apple6. candle7. prese nt8.

14、telepho ne9. kite10. sn ake11. window12. rabbit13. door11. computer12. bedroom13. flower14. table15. vegetable16. poster17. turtle 18. photo 19. tomato20. potato21. mouth 22. dish 23. bus 24. box25. watch26. dish 27. country 28. child29. man 30. woma n 31. mouse32. fish33. sheep34. deer35. tooth36.

15、foot37. goose38. leaf39. knife名词练习题：-Mum, it ' s so hot and I ' m so thirsty. - Go and get somein the fridge.9#A. biscuitsB. chipsC. cakesD. ice creams#'t matter. Here is the.C. i nformatio nD. advertiseme nt't walk now.C. handD. eye't know theC. breadD. meatA. priceB. way6. Lao

16、she is theof Tea House.（茶馆）A. doctorB. actor7. At the foot of the hill you should hear nothing but theA. shoutB. no ise1. - Would you like someth ing to drinkplease.A. teaB. fruit2. I don ' t know how to use this computer. It doesnA. in struct ionB. directi on3. My brother hurt hisyesterday. He

17、canA. armB. leg4. -I want to go to different places, but I don-A map is helpful. I thi nk.C. timeD. ticketC. scie ntistD. writerof the running water.C. voiceD. sound8. - Would you like some drin ks, boys-Yes,please.11A. some oran gesB. two boxes of chocolatesC. some cakesD. two bottles of orange.9.

18、- Who' s the boy over there ? -is my brother.D. HimselfA. HeB. HisC. Him10. - Would you like somethi ng to drink ?-please.D. BreadA. MeatB. RiceC. Water11. -do you usually fly kites ? - In the park.D. WhenA. whyB. HowC. Where12. Look! There arepictures on the wall.D. bothA. anyB. someC. much13. - Which coat ison me , the blue