2019中考英语短暂性动词-延续性动词和现在完成时学案(无答案)教育.doc

1、短暂性动词，延续性动词和现在完成时 第 1 页 延续性动词是指动作发生后还可以延续一段时间或者相当长的一段时间。如： live, work, study, learn, sleep 等，延续性动词可以和表示一段的时间状语连用。 短暂性动词是指动作一旦发生就立即结束。它不能和一段时间连用。这类动词有： go, come, arrive, leave, beg in, start, joi n, marry 等; 在否定句中，短暂性动词可以和表示 一段时间的状语连用。 We haven t heard from Jane forong time. 短暂性动词的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的 for 或

2、 since 或 how long 等状语连用。值得注 意的是，表示一段时间的状语除了 “for 一段时间”外，还有 since+n.从句（时间点），since+ 时间段+ago,疑问词 how Iong，in the past+时间段，all these+寸间段，fromto （时间点）以 及 till/until+n./句子等等。例如： have received his letter for three days( x) I have received his letter. (V) (x) How long has she been away? ( V) 如果短暂性动词与表示一段时间的

3、时间状语连用， 现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换： It s five days since、received hi.s .letter. . , , leave f be away (from) join f be in/ be a member of 撫 faa 龍 epefbeee燭 eeago. 看一个句即以用以下几种说法 He left Sha nghai three days ago., ，丄 go out f be out buy/getf have marhafee nmawad 仇於間前呻恕孵魅唧慾轉three days ago It is/has beenth

4、ree days since he left Shan ghai. Three dayshas passed ince he left Shan ghai. 几点注意事项： (1) have been(to 与 have gone( to 的 区别:How long did she leave . 必须将短暂性动词改为延续性动词 A. It is 或者 Jt has been+寸间+since . (动词用过去式)， die f be dead ope n f be ope n +时间+嘅& fcatch(a coldf have(a cold) get to know f know

5、beg in to studyf study come to workf work go to schoof be a stude nt 他离开上海已经3天了 move to f live in fini sh/e nd f be over come to f be in sit dow n f be seated finish f be over 除了用上面 e 转化形式之外, e 第 2 页 have been（to 表示 去过某地（现在已经回来了） ”，可用于各人称; have gone（to 表示去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，可能在去的路上，可能已在某地，也 可能在回来的路上，总之

6、，人不在这里。常用第三人称作主语。 前者可与 once,never, several timeS 等连用，后者则不能。 如：They have been to Beijing twice 他们去过北京两次。 He has gone to Beijing 他去北京了。 注意比较 has gone to, has bee n to, has bee n i 的 意义： He has gone tcAmercia. （他到美国去了。 他不在这里） He has been tcAmercia. （他去过美国。 现已回来） He has been inSha nghai. （他在上海呆过。 现在不在上海

7、） He has been insha nghai for years.（他在上海多年。 现在还在上海） （2）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时 间的状语连用。 如：I haven t left here si nee 2019 自从 2019 年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。 另外，动词的延续性与非延续性还体现在这两种句型中： 延续性动词的肯定式+till/u ntil 短暂性动词的否定式+till/ un til 请看例句： We waited until he came. I didn t go to bed until my father ca

8、me back home last night. 短暂性动词，延续性动词和现在完成时练习 I. 句型转换： 1. Mr. Li began to teach English in this school in 2019.（同义句） Mr. Li _ En glish in this school si nee 2019. 2. The factory ope ned ten years ago.（同义句 The factory _ for ten years. 3. John left Beijing three years ago.（同义句） Three years _ Joh n _ Be

9、iji ng. John _ Beiji ng _ three years. 第 3 页 4. His company opened in 2019.（同义句 His compa ny _ since 2019. 5. My father bought the car half a year ago.（同义句 My father _ the car _ half a year. 6. We got to know each other for about 15 years 同义句 We _ each other _ about 15 years. 7. The film began ten m

10、inutes ago.（同义句 The film _ for ten mi nu tes. 8. I borrowed this book two weeks ago.（同义句 I _ this book for two weeks. 9. My father came back the day before yesterday. My father has _ for two days. 10. My un cle bought the new car two mon ths ago. My un cle has _ the new car _ two mon ths ago. 11. 用

11、have been 和 have gone 填空。 1. Mother isn t here. She _ to the barber s. 2. _ you ever _ abroad before? 4. Tom and Mary have just come in. They _ to a party. 5. Tom and Mary aren t here. They _ to a Party. 6. My father _ to New York. He left this morni ng. 12. The students _ to the cinema to see a fil

12、m today. Now they are back. 14. Mr. and Mrs. Smith _ to London now. They _ there twice already. 18. Miss Li _ n ever _ to China before. 19. Where _ you _ ? The meeti ng has already begu n. 20. Where_ he _ ? I can t find him any where. 川.选择题 1. The bookshop _ for eight years. A has bee n ope n B has

13、bee n ope ned C has ope ned D has ope n 2. I _ the club for 5 years so far. A. jo ined B. have joined C. have bee n in 第 4 页 3. The factory _ since the February of 1988.A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened 4. Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2019. A. have made B. have been C

14、. made D. have become 5. _ You mustnt until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left 6. _ The meeting for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 7. _ Miss Gao this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught 8. _ Ben a teacher for 4 years . A. has b

15、een B. has become C. was D. became 9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned 10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead 11. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon. A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept 12. _ He the car for a week. A. bought B. h

16、as bought C. has had 13. How long _ you _ ill ? Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been 14.Since 2019, he _ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from 15.Ill lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take 16. _ The bus on the road fo

17、r 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been 17. _ Are you the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on 18. _ He foe 2 hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has bee n up 19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had 第

18、5 页 20. - How long can I _ the book? - Two weeks. A. borrow B. le nd C. get D. keep 21. - How long _ you _ the army? -For one and a half years. A. did, joi n B. have, bee n in C. have, joined D. will, joi n 22. Oh, Mrs, Ki ng. Your dress looks nice. Is it new? No, I _ it since two years ago. A. had

19、B. bought C. have had D. have bought 23. Jack has _ for a week. A. had a cold B got a cold C. caught a cold 24. “ Howong have you _ there? ” “ Aboufeix years. ” A. come B. gone C. left D. worked 25. Our workshop _ since two years ago. A. was ope n B. ope ned C. has bee n ope n D. has ope ned 26. My grandpa _ for half a year. A. has bee n dead B. died C. has died D. was dead 27. - What a nice bike! How longyou it? -Just t