Lesson 2 句法结构 人教版英语暑假语法专题教案（七升八）

1、英语暑假教案-七升八-第二讲Lesson 2句法结构【内容提要】句法结构【知识要点回硕】1. 特殊疑问句疑问代词what,表示"什么"疑问副词when,表示"什么时候",用于询问时间why,表示"为什么",用于询问原因how,表示"怎样",用于询问方式where,表示"在哪儿",用于询问地点疑问词组how long,表示"多久",用于询问时间how far,表示"多远",用于询问距离what time,表示"什么时候,几点"2. 祈使句

2、表示叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等,一般省略主语 youDo型肯定句行为动词原形 + 其他否定句Don't + 行为动词原形 + 其他Be型肯定句Be + 表语否定句Don't + be + 表语Let型肯定句Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他否定句Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他/Don't + let+宾语+动词原形+其他No+名词或者动词-ing形式可构成否定祈使句,通常用作公共场合的提示语,表示"禁止做某事"特殊用法有时祈使句中的动词或者动词词组可以省略有时表示强调,可以在动词原形前加do注意祈使句表示要求、命令等语气,回答用All ri

3、ght./OK.等。 对于否定或禁止做某事的祈使句的回答,也可用将来时态3. 选择疑问句结构一般疑问句 + or + 选择部分特殊疑问句 + 选择部分A + or + 选择部分B回答选择疑问句不能用yes或no回答,而是用所提供选择中的一项来回答4. there be句型含义某地存在某物/人,强调某人或者某物与某地的位置关系结构肯定句There be + 主语 + 介词短语否定句There be + not + 主语 + 介词短语一般疑问句及回答Be there + 主语 + 介词短语表示肯定:Yes, there be.表示否定:No, there + be not 的缩写就近原则有多个主语

4、时,根据最靠近be 的主语确定be的单复数形式5. would like句型用法表示委婉地征求对方的意见,常用于口语中句型Would you like sth.?肯定回答Yes, please.否定回答No, thanks.Would you like to do sth.?肯定回答Yes, I'd like/love to.否定回答一般先说"I'd like/love to",再用"but."陈述理由(或用"Sorry,."回答)【考点突破】例1 - Is the car new or old?- . I bough

5、t it three days ago.A. Yes, it isB. It's newC. No, it isn't 解析 本题考查选择疑问句。 选择疑问句不能用 yes或no回答,而必须用所提供选择的一项来回答,所以排除A,C两项。答语中说到"这辆车是三天前买的",所以是新的。答案 B例2 There an apple and three cups of milk on the table.A. isB. areC. has解析 本题考查 there be句型。表示"某地有某物"用there be句型。根据"就近原则&quo

6、t;, be 动词后的 an apple是单数名词,故用is。答案 A【知识点拨】there be句型的"就近原则"there be句型中be的形式由be 动词后最近的名词决定,如果名词是不可数名词或可数名词单数,be的形式为is;如果名词是可数名词复数,be的形式为are。另外,还要注意句子的时态。例如: There is a desk and two chairs in the room. /There are two chairs and a desk in the room. 房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。例3 - Don't throw plastic ba

7、gs towards the animals in the zoo.- .A. All rightB. My pleasureC. Not at all解析 本题考查祈使句。All right.好的; My pleasure.我很愿意效劳; Not at all. 不用谢; Don't mention it.不用谢(别再提了)。B项表示愿意提供帮助,C,D两个选项都是对对方表示谢意后的回答,根据句意,表示认同某种看法应用 all right.答案 A例4 - Would you like to go shopping with us?- , but I have a lot of wo

8、rk to do.A. I'd loveB. I'd love toC. Sorry, I won't 解析 本题考查would like句型。从答句后部分but I have a lot of work to do.我有许多工作要做,可知此处回答的意思是“不能去”,是否定的。Would like句型否定一般不直接回答,排除C项。A项少了to,答语应为I'd love to go shopping.此处的to不能省略。答案 B【试题研究】一、单项选择(C) 1. Drive slowly, Mary. is something ahead on the road

9、.A. It B. This C. There(B) 2. - there any living things on other planets?- I have no idea. Maybe we can know more about that in the future.A.Is B. Are C. Has (C) 3. on the grass, or it will "cry".A. To walkB. Not to walkC. Don't walk(A) 4. - Tom, would you like to train our football te

10、am? - .A. Sure, I'd love toB. You are welcomeC. It's my pleasure(B) 5. - is it, the Qomolangma?- It's 8844.43 meters. It's very hard to climb the mountain.A. How longB. How highC. How far(A) 6. - Would you like to play football after school?- . I have a lot of homework to do.A. I'

11、;m afraid notB. Enjoy yourselfC. Take your time (C) 7. Please your exam papers once again before handing them in.A. going overB. went overC. go over(B) 8. - does Bob usually go to work?- He usually rides his bike.A. What B. How C. Where (B) 9. - is it from your home to school?- It's about 2 kilo

12、meters. A. How long B. How farC. How soon(C) 10. - How often does Mike go to the net bar?- . He is so busy with his study.A. Almost every dayB. AlwaysC. Hardly ever(A) 11. - Is he tall short?- He is short.A. orB. andC. but(A) 12. - I'm sorry, Mr. Smith. I got up late.- next time.A. Don't be

13、lateB. Keep quietC. No eating(B) 13. - of pizzas would you like?- I'd like a tomato and cheese pizza.A. What sizeB.What kindC. How kind(B) 14. There some beef in the fridge. Let's make some beef noodles.A. am B. is C. are (A) 15. - Why do you like your history teacher?- he is very friendly a

14、nd kind to us.A. Because B. But C. So (A) 16. - Was there a sports meeting in the hall last. - .A. Yes, there was B. No, there isn'tC. Yes, there were(C) 17. - Don't play near the classroom, boys.- .A. Yes, we doB. No, we can'tC. Sorry, Miss Green(B) 18. go to the beach. It's rainy t

15、oday.A. Let'sB. Let's notC. Let's not to(C) 19. - Would you like soccer with us, Tom?- I'd love to.A. playsB. playC. to play(C) 20. - What would you like to drink, coffee or tea? - .A. Yes, pleaseB. No, thanksC. Tea, thanks二、句型转换1. The supermarket is two miles from the hotel. (对画线部分提

16、问) How far is the supermarket from the hotel?2. What food would you like best? (同义句转换)What's your favorite food?3. Mary paid about $1,500 for a trip to Europe with her mother. (对画线部分提问) How much did Mary pay for a trip to Europe with her mother?4. Amy studied in a university for several years. (

17、对画线部分提问) How long did Amy study in a university?5. let, not, go, us, outside. (连词成句) Let us not go outside. 三、根据汉语意思补全句子1. 禁止停车! No parking!2. 冰箱里有牛肉吗? Is there any beef in the fridge?3. 你想喝点什么? What would you like to drink?4. 你喜欢游泳还是跑步? Do you like swimming or running?5. 在教室里请安静!Please keep quiet i

18、n the classroom!四、完形填空I have a hard-working(勤奋的) sister. She is a good driver. She is twenty-six years old. She drives a van(货车) in a factory(工厂). She 1 arrives(到达) late for work. She says that she loves her job. She 2 from Monday to Friday. Her home isn't near the factory. So she must get up 3

19、in the morning, Then she goes to work at about 6:30 in the morning. Before 7:30, she must 4 to the factory. She has in the factory. She is so 6 She doesn't have 7 time to go home for lunch. So she has lunch there, too. She leaves(隔开) the factory at 5:00 in the 8 . She cooks dinner for her son an

20、d then her son helps her 9 some housework in the evening. She likes reading very much. She always reads stories for her son before he goes to bed. She likes 10 TV. She goes to bed at about 10:30 pm.(A) 1. A. neverB. alwaysC. usually(C) 2. A. studiesB. comesC. works(B) 3. A. lateB. earlyC. quick(A) 4

21、. A. getB. gettingC. gets(A) 5. A. breakfastB. lunchC. dinner(B) 6. A. goodB. busyC. nice(C) 7. A. a lotB. manyC. much(B) 8. A. eveningB. afternoonC. morning(C) 9. A. doesB. doingC. do(B) 10. A. watchB. watchingC. watches五、阅读下面短文,根据短文内容判断句子的正误。正确的填"A",错误的填"B".John Brown is a grea

22、t musician. He is an early bird. He usually gets up at five o'clock in the morning. After he gets up, he drinks some water first. Next, he brushes his teeth. Then he does morning exercise. At 7:00, he eats his breakfast. After that, he often plays the violin. At about 8:00, he takes the No.112 b

23、us to work.Where does he work? Well, he has a Jazz Club. He teaches the violin and the piano in the club. There he helps kids with the violin and the piano from Monday to Friday. On weekends, he has a show. Oh, John is very good with kids. Do you love the violin or the piano? Do you want to join his

24、 club? You can call him at 210-3453.(B) 1. John gets up late in the morning.(B) 2. John does exercise in the afternoon.(A) 3. John is good with kids.(B) 4. John walks to work from Monday to Friday.(B ) 5. John works at a school.六、首字母填空。 根据句意及首字母提示,完成单词。1. My brother doesn't like to get up early.

25、 I don't like, either .2. Don't run in the hallways(走廊). It's very dangerous.3. It's dark. You should go home quickly .4. My sister doesn't like eggs. So she never eats them.5. My grandparents are very healthy. They take a walk after dinner every day.6. Today is Sunday. It's

26、too early for me to get up at 5 o'clock in the morning.7. My dream is to be a famous doctor and save patients' (病人) lives .8. Ice-cream usually tastes good, so students like to eat it after school.9. Xiao Shenyang is a funny man. He always makes us laugh happily. So many people like him very

27、 much.10. It's too hot, What about swimming in the pool?七、完成对话。在对话的空格中填上透当的单词,使对话完整正确。 一空一词(含缩写词)A: Morning, Jim.B: Morning, Tony.A: Can I ask you 1 questions?B: Of course!A: Do you have healthy living habits?B: Yes. Every day I get up 2 and do some reading before going to bed.A: 3 time do you u

28、sually get up?B: I usually get up 4 six o'clock.A: What about food? What do you usually 5 every day!?B: I like having fruit and lots of vegetables every day. They are 6 for my health.A: And do you 7 every day?B: Yes. Every morning I run with my brother.A: Well, what do you usually do in the even

29、ing?B: I usually help to 8 housework, because my parents are very busy.A: 9 do you go to bed?B: At about nine o'clock after I 10 my homework.A: Oh, you really have a healthy life.B: Thanks.1.some2.early3.What4.at5.eat6.good7.exercise8.do9.When10.finish八、短文填空。选出单词,井用其正确形式填写在相应位置上,使短文意思正确、通顺(每词限用一

30、次)。always bread dress exercise from funny half job take walk what workRichard is my uncle. He 1 at a radio station.He is a hard-working(努力的) man, He usually gets up at 6:00 in the morning He gets 2 quickly and runs for half an hour with his friends. He keeps this habit for many years. Although(尽管) h

31、e is forty years old, he still looks very young and strong. Then he 3 a shower quickly and eats a good breakfast, He usually has eggs, 4 and milk. He says eggs and milk are good for our health. After breakfast, he 5 to work. He likes walking and thinks it is a good 6 .Richard only needs to work for

32、7 a duy. His radio show is from 8:30 to 11:30 in the morning. The show is 8 and relaxing. Lots of people like it. He has a lot of fans(粉丝).They always write letters to him. After the show, Richard can go home and do 9 he likes. He is also good at drawing, When he finishes his work, he 10 goes to the

33、 lake and draws some pictures. He really likes his life.1.works2.dressed3.takes4.bread5.walks16.exercise7.half8.funny9.what10.always九、补全短文。根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文。Amy is a little girl. She is very lovely. She lives with her father. One day, her father is very angry when he sees Amy making a box with some good paper, because life is difficult to their family. 1 "This is a gin(礼物) for you, Dad," She says happily. When her father opens the