我国独立学院发铺的轨制剖析

1、我国独立学院发铺的轨制剖析        【中文摘要】本文以J省J学院为例,围绕独立学院发铺要突破轨制瓶颈这一生存发铺的关键,对独立学院铺开了较为深入的研讨和思考。应用轨制需求与供应的理论,阐述了国度完美独立学院相关政策法规的必要性和主要性;应用轨制均衡与非均衡理论,提出了当前独立学院的主要义务是要入一步明白产权轨制,构建完美的董事会轨制,立异内部管理机制;应用轨制变迁的理论,指出独立学院的性命的活气是办学模式、教育理念和轨制改造与立异。积极发明前提,到达一定的尺度,前提成熟时转设成真正民办的普通高校,是独立学院健

2、康发铺的平坦大路。本文的显明特色是结合实证入行理论研讨。以J学院为例入行阐述,有较强的说服力和影响力。应用社会学相关理论与方式,对独立学院的轨制、政策入行剖析,从理论研讨方面望,这仍是一个崭新的视角,希望本文对这方面的研讨,起到微薄的拉动作用。本文揭示的实例和得出的结论,立足归答和解决当前独立学院办学实践中的实际题目,具有较普遍的实践意义,更为决议计划者在改造计划的设计上提供了有益的信息参考,从而下降轨制变迁的成本,增添轨制变迁的绩效。');【Abstract】 The Independent College is a new form emerged under the proces

3、s of popularization of Chinese higher education, is a special product of which China adapts to the rapid development of higher education in a special situation, is an institutional change of the traditional mode of education and a new institutional arrangement. This new form, derived but different f

4、rom the original system, is a derived institution managed by private mechanisms and operated by the laws of market. Under the right guidance and support of national policy, this institution made up the lack of original higher education system to some extent, showed its strong vitality, has formed cl

5、ear political , social and economic performance in the short term and expended the space of development of private education in China. It playes an important role in deepening the reform and implementing the socialization of higher education in China. This system has certain rationality and efficien

6、cy advantages and belongs to the typical“Pareto Improvement”of the oringinal school system.However, as the new school system, the Independent College is a product under the national conditions of“Poor Country Runs Great Education”and based on the government behavior, the market orientation and the s

7、ocial needs, is a exploration of reform. Such innovative form can only be a transitional expedient.“transitional period”is getting shortened with nonstandard running of some colleges and promulgation of the related state policies. It is easy to analyze the governments attitude to independent college

8、s at that time from the documents of“Suggestions on Standardizing and Enforcing the Regular Institutions of Higher Education to Run the Pilot Independent College with New Mechanisms and Models”, promulgated by the Ministry of Education in 2003. Although the independent college had run to over 300, t

9、he government still use the word of“pilot”in documents, which attitude to this new form is still pilot and wait-and-see.“Pilot”means that if it runs well and has certain strength, the college can be separated from the parent university and completely independent, and finally develop into real privat

10、e universitiy. Otherwise, it would have the risk of the withdrawal and extinction by parent university. In April 2008, the document“Measures on the Setting and Management of the Independent College”( hereinafter Measures for short) was put into enforce.“Measures”has further improved the original man

11、agement system of Independent Colleges. We can appreciate the States the attitude to the Independent College from the“Measures”which is to encourage and guide the well-managed colleges turn to private universities. A few months after the implementation of Measures, four independent colleges in the c

12、ountrywide were the first to turn successfully, becoming the independent private universities, and promoted to admit the second batch students file. To those which dont reach the requirements of the sanctions, the“Measures”requires and limits them to rectify. Moreover,to those seriously offenders,th

13、e government forces them to terminate the college and merge into the parent university. There is a strong practical significance of studying the development of the Independent Colleges under such circumstances.Based on the analysis of national policies and regulations on the Independent Colleges and

14、 the examples of College J in Provincial J, this * shows out the bottlenecks of constraining development of Independent Colleges, that is, deficiencies of the internal and external institutions, which are mainly reflected in: deficiencies of related national laws and policies of independent colleges

15、, inadequacies of government support, such special design of enducation modes makes the Indepandent Colleges separate rather than independent; some problems happened in the internal institutions, such as unclear property rights system, the deficiencies of the Board system and poor operation of inter

16、nal management mechanism. The authors suggestions to develop the Independent Colleges are to break through bottlenecks of the system, to turn betimes into the independent private Regular Institutions of Higher Education, and to achieve truly independent. Thus the college will completely straighten o

17、ut the relationship of duty, rights and benefits with parent universities, further define the governance structure and college corporate property rights, which is better for playing the advantages of flexible operation mechanism and the features of“high-quality, independent, privately-run”, creating

18、 much broader space for sustainable development and ensuring sustainable and healthy development of Independent Colleges.“To Turn”is an inevitable trend for the survival and development of Independent Colleges. The Independent Colleges came into being under such a special background as popularizatio

19、n of higher education, expansion of enrollment and reform of education system. As a social problem, only relying on the colleges themselves and the support of chief Educational Administration Department can not guarantee the health and sustainable development of independent colleges. Its development

20、 also requires the support of other departments, such as the Government of the State Council, the land and the taxation departments, which create good institutional circumstances for ensuring the better development of Independent Colleges through changing the traditional ideas and concepts and trans

21、forming government functions.The Independent colleges is a new product in the process of rapid development and changing. Because of the diversity and complex main investment entity, there have been many different modes of school operation since its birth. In addition, school status varies as the geo

22、graphical and provincial differences between different colleges. The proposal on the development of Independent colleges in this * does not fit all of the independent colleges. The * avoided some models such as the investment by state-owned assets and the“college in university”model, which not reach

23、 the“To Turn”requirements and have a lot of difficulties in the implementation of the“Measures”document requirements. Proposals to such colleges are to find the investors as soon as possible, to clear the property rights, stratify and liquidate the college between the partners, to establish a true b

24、oard of directors, to standardize school norms, and to find out the suitable way and method to develop the independent model.Institutional Analysis has a very important significance to theoretical study of the Independent college, which provides an effective analytical tool or framework for the theo

25、retical study of the Independent Colleges, becoming an important theoretical pillar of academic research on the Independent Colleges. This topic observes the same phenomenon with other people in a different way and a new point of view, that is, to consider the problem in a sociological perspective.

26、The institution not only provides us with a code of conduct and brought us the efficiency, but also the shortages and the lag of supply of the institution would restrict the economic development. For the same reason, the bottleneck of development, the low-efficient system or system barriers are the

27、important causes to influence the reform and development of independent colleges. The use of institutional analysis method, by which is according to the fact from systemic demonstration and research to answer and resolve problems in running a school, will help decision-makers more scientific in the

28、design of the reform program, thus reducing the cost of institutional change.Although the author has been in independent college for many years, the theoretical level is limited and the basic data is less. Furthermore, the Independent College is a new product and an institutional innovation of the o

29、riginal system, resulting lately, mainly relying on the national corresponding policy norms, exploring in practice without ready-made experience for reference. Only can the author do is to try and practice to analyze the bottleneck of the development of independent college by combining the principle of soci