2020高考英语全国一卷阅读理解长难句理解与分析

1、DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scie ntific research. Rece nt studies have found positive effects. A study con ducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In ano the, employees were show n to be 15%

2、 more productive whe n their workplaces were decorated with housepla nts.The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.（首段首句必须正确理解，通过该句预测文章体裁和题材。本句为简单句， 主干为：the connection has been the subject “ 的联系是 的话题、主题。”找 到主干之后再关注句中定语部分，分别是两个介词短语，理解了这两个介词短语 的意思，也就对本篇叙

3、述的话题有了全面了解。通过理解该句可以大概的确定该篇为科技类说明文。）A study con ducted in Youn gstown Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experieneed less crime.（该句是一个含有宾语从句的复合句，不 难理解，需要强调的是英语语篇中插入语的大量使用。看到插入语不要管，直接跳过去先理解句子其他部分。）翻译：人类和植物之间的关联，长时间以来一直是科学研究的主题。近期的研究已经发现了二者之间存在正向的效应。例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯顿市进行的一 项研究就发现，在城市

4、中那些绿化更多的地方，犯罪发生得更少。另一方面，当 工作场所中装饰了室内植物时，职员们的工作效率被证明可以提高15%。The engin eers at the Massachusetts In stitute of Tech no lo©MIT ） have take n it a step further cha nging the actual compositi on of pla nts in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plant（that have

5、 sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they' re short anwatprant that can detect harmfulchemicals in groundwater." We rethinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day," explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engin

6、eeri ng at MIT.The engin eers （at the Massachusetts In stitute of Tech no logy （MIT ）（介词短 语作定语） have take n it a step further cha nging the actual compositi on of pla nts 现 在分词短语作状语） in order to get them to perform diverse even unusual functions.（不定式短语作状语）主干部分为：the engin eers have take n it a step f

7、urther.These include plants （that.have sensors printed onto their leaves to show_when they ' re short of water（that引导的定语从句修饰 plants；定语从句中又包含一个 when 弓丨导 的宾语从句。）and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.（定语从句）主干为and连接的并列句。翻译：麻省理工学院的工程师们更进一步，他们改变了植物的某些成分， 以便于使它们在更多领域发挥作用，乃至于一些非同寻

8、常的功能。这些举措包括 将传感器贴在植物的叶片上，目的是得知它们什么时候缺水，和使用一种植物检 测地下水中的有害化学物质。"我们正在思考，我们如何让植物代替我们日常生活中的一部分功能"，麻省理工学院化学工程系的教授 Micheal Strano如是说道。单词：engineerV-T When a vehicle, bridge, or building is engineered, it is planned and constructed using scientific methods.设计制造 usu passive例: Its spaceship was engin

9、eered by Bert Rutan, renowned for designing the Voyager.它的飞船由伯特鲁坦设计建造，此人因设计“旅行者”号飞船而闻名。V-T If you engin eer an eve nt or situati on, you arrange for it to happe n, in a clever or in direct way.策戈 U例: His family believe that his murder was engin eered by a bus in ess rival.他 的家人认为他的死是由一位商业竞争对手一手策划的。O

10、ne of his latest projects has been to make plants glow （发光）in experiments using some com mon vegetables.Stra no' team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The tech no logy, Strano

11、said, could one day be used to light the rooms or eve n to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.翻译：他最近的项目之一，是使用一些普通的蔬菜，在实验中使它们发光。 Stra no的团队发现，这些植物可以发出微弱的光，并持续三个半小时。而植物在 实验中产生的光，还远远不能用来读书，这一项目还有很长的路要走。Strano说， 这项科技在将来某天会运用于室内的照明，甚至是将树转化成自供电的路灯。In the future，the team hopes to develop a versi on o

12、f the tech no logy that can be sprayed onto pla nt leaves in a on e-off treatme nt that would last the pla nt 'lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off" switch" where the glow would fade whe n exposed to daylight.分析：In the future, the_team_hopes_to_develop_a_ver

13、si on_of the_tech no logy that can be sprayed on to pla nt leaves in a on e-off treatme nt that would last the pla'tlifetime.主干为 the team hopes to develop a version of the tech no logy 句中有两个 that 引导的定语从句。翻译：未来，这个团队希望开发一次性喷雾的技术，对叶子进行处理，使它 在生命周期内持续地发光。工程师们也正在尝试开发一个"开关"，当植物暴露在日光下的时候可以使发光减

14、弱。Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source （电源）一such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission （传输）.Glowing plants could reduce this d

15、istance and therefore help save en ergy.翻译：照明耗电大约占了美国总耗电量的 7%。因为照明经常距离发电的源头 地很远一一比如一家发电厂到街上的路灯，就要经过一段遥远的距离一一诸多的能源便损失在了电能传输的过程当中。发光植物可以缩短这段距离，因此得以节省能源。32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of differe nt pla nts.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.D.

16、 Benefits from green plants.33. What is thefunction of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MITengineer?A. Todetect plants' lack of waterB. To change compositions of plantsC. To make the life of plants longer.D. Totest chemicals in plants.34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They maytransmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place