不定式的用法

1、不定式的用法一、判断不定式在句中的成分：1. To learn a foreign language is difficult.2. His wish is to be a scie n tist.3. Tom wan ted to have a cup of beer.4. The teacher told us to do morning exercises.5. I have nothing to say.6. To keep fit, the stude nts go out to play football.二、作主语(注：谓语动词用 )1. To see is to believe

2、.2. To lear n En glish is very happy.-3. Is _ n ecessary to complete the desig n before Natio nal Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he三、作宾语(一)只能用不定式作宾语的词1. We agrej (meet), but so far she hasn' t turn up yet/2. He man aged (pass) the exam by work ing hard.3. I want (wash) my clothed myself.4. Whe n

3、the teacher en tered in the classroom, he prete n ded (read) the words.5. Whe n I called him, he happe ned(take) a bath.注：wolf-head map 狼头图)W:O: L:F:H:E:A:D:M: A:P:(二)既可以用不定式，也可以用动名词作宾语，但含义不同的词1.1 regret(tell) you that my sister regretted (miss) the lecture give nby Mr.Li.2. Missi ng the bus means(w

4、alk) home, I mea n(star) off early.3. Go on (do) the other exercises after you have fini shed this one.4. Little Tom should love (go) to the theatre this eve ning.四、作宾语补足语( 一 ) 有些动词接 to 的不定式作宾补1. The teacher asked us (make) so much noise.2. Mr. Smith warned her daughter (never drive) after driving.(

5、 二) 有些动词接不带的 to 不定式 , ( 注：其被动语态要 )“吾看三室两厅一感觉 5 看 3 使 2 听 1 感觉 (1) They knew her very well. They had seen her (grow) up.(2) John was made (wash) the truck for a week as a punishment.五、作定语：1. There is nothing (eat) in my house.2. I have nothing (write).3. I have no pen (write).4. He is looking for a r

6、oom (live).5. The poor child has a grandma 照( 顾 )6. He is always the first (come) and the last (go).单句改错：1. After he considered the problem, he got a tall box to stand.2. There are five pairs of shoes to choose, but I decide to buy a new one.3. She likes to listen to Mr. Li ' s lessons, so she i

7、s always the first come and the only stay.六、作状语：1. He sat to have a rest.2. My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.3. I am very glad to see you.4. To look at him, you would like him.5. He got up early in order to catch the bus.6. The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.七、作表语：1. To t

8、he doctor, the most important thing is to save the live.2. This suit does not seem to fit her.八、其他用法：(一)动词+疑问词+to1. Please show us how (do) that.2. I don ' t know what (say).3. The question is how (put) it into practice.4. Can you tell me why (do) it?5. I want to know why (not come) to the party

9、 yesterday.do(二)不定式在but, except, other than等介词后面时，如果介词前有行为动词的某种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to,否那么就要to. The man can do everythi ng but (speak) En glish.(2) We could do nothing but(wait).(3) She has no choice but(wait) for the news.(4) The enemy can do nothing except (escape).The en emy had no thi ng to choose exce

10、pt(escape).三不定式的时态：主动被动时间概念一般式to doto be done谓语动词之后完成式to have doneto have bee n谓语动词之后进行式to be doingd无?e谓语动词之后完成进行式to have bee n doing无谓语动词之后(四)、不定式的否认：1. Tell him not to shut the win dow.2. She pretended not to see me when I passed by.3. Hav ing a trip abroad is certa inly good for the old couple, b

11、ut it rema inswhether they will enjoy it.A. to see B. to be see n C. see ing D. see nExercise one:1. The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot.A. tur ning it off B. tur n it offC. hav ing tur ned it off D. to tur n it off2. She can ' t help_ the house because she ' s busy making a c

12、ake.A. to clea n B. clea ning C. clea ned D. being clea ned3. Not everybody has the ability in public.A. of speak B. speak ing C. spoke n D. to speak4. Mary is always the first studen to answer the teacher ' s questions in class.A. rising B. to rise C. roseD. rise n5. Mum ,why do you always ask

13、me to eat an egg every day?- eno ugh prote in and nu triti on as you are grow ing up.A. Get B. Getti ng C. To get D. To be gett ing6. would you be so kind us out?-With pleasure.A. helpi ng B. i n helpi ng C. helpD. as to help7. Yesterday I went to see him, that he had gone abroad two days before.A.

14、on ly to lear n B. to lear n on lyC. only lear nedD. only lear ning8. Wet umbrellas are not allowed into this hotel accord ing to the rule.A. to be take n B. to takeC. take nD. tak ing9. The patie nt was warmed oily food after the operatio n.A. to eat not B. eati ng not C. not to eat D. not eati ng1

15、0. We agred _ here but so far she hasn' t turned out yet.A. hav ing met B. meeti ng C. to meetD. to have met11. Paul doesn ' t have to be made . He always works hard.A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning12. Robert is said abroad, but I didn' t know what country he studied in.A to h

16、ave studiedBto studyC to be studyingDto have been studying13. For a time his grandmother found accept his new idea.A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to14. Nothing can make the brave soldier his country.A. turn against B. to turn against C. to turn to D. turn to15. Napoleon spoke so loud

17、ly as to in front of his soldiers.A. hear B. be heard C. listen D. be listened toExercise two:1. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier it more difficult.(MET99)A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make2. I ' ve worked with chilndrbeefore, so I know what_ in my new

18、job. (MET2000)A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects3. Charles Babbage is generally considered_ the first computer. (MET1993)A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented4. Allen had to call a taxi becausethe box was to carry all the way home.(MET2003)A. much too h

19、eavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. (MET95)A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to6. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. (MET 92)A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking7. There are five pairs _ ,but rm at a loss which to buy.(199 上海高考 )A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing8. late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. (2001年北京春季高考 )A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slee