202X届高考英语一轮复习专题一名词与冠词课件

1、专题一名词与冠词高考英语高考英语 (天津市专用)五年高考考点一考点一 名词及名词辨析名词及名词辨析1.(2019天津夏,7)We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) on our lives in many ways.A.statementB.impactC.impressionD.judgment答案答案 B考查名词。句意:我们可以看出人工智能已经在很多方面对我们的生活产生了影响。make an impact on对产生影响,对有影响力。A:声明,陈述;C:印象;D:判断力。2.(2019天津春,11)

2、People believe writing poems provides a through which they can ex-press their feelings.A.shelter B.sourceC.channelD.background答案答案C句意:人们认为写诗给他们提供一个能够表达感情的渠道。本题考查名词辨析。shelter遮蔽物;source来源;channel通道;background背景。故C项正确。3.(2019江苏,26)Nowadays the for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery

3、.A.priorityB.potentialC.proportionD.pension答案答案 A句意:如今,旅游中优先考虑的事情从购物转变为饮食和风景。考查名词辨析。A:优先权,优先考虑的事情;B:潜能,可能性;C:比例;D:养老金,抚恤金。根据句意可知A项正确。4.(2018天津夏,6)The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A.adviceB.orderC.possibilityD.invitation

4、答案答案 C句意:在宇宙中的其他行星上可能存在生命,这一直鼓舞着科学家们探索外太空。本题考查名词辨析。advice建议;order命令;possibility可能性;invitation邀请。故C项正确。5.(2018天津春,9)Can we stop the of the worlds deserts and save the land that man depends so much on?A.lossB.heatC.spreadD.defence答案答案 C句意:我们能阻止世界荒漠的蔓延并且保护人类赖以生存的土地吗?本题考查名词辨析。由句意可知此处意为“蔓延”,故选spread。loss

5、损失,丢失;heat热,温度,高温;defence辩护,防御。故选C项。6.(2016天津,10)The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight of rain later tonight.A.effectB.senseC.changeD.chance答案答案 D句意:天气预报说今夜晚些时候天气将转阴,降雨的可能性不大。本题考查名词辨析。chance可能性;effect效果;sense意识;change变化。7.(2016浙江,4)It is important to pay your electricity bill on

6、time, as late payments may affect your .A.conditionB.incomeC.creditD.status答案答案C句意:按时交电费很重要,因为晚交电费可能会影响你的信誉。本题考查名词辨析。credit信用,信誉;condition条件,状况;income收入;status地位,身份。8.(2016江苏,24)Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?Living every day to the full, definitely.A.recipe B.recordC.rangeD.rece

7、ipt答案答案A句意:你能告诉我们你幸福、长寿的诀窍吗?确切地说,就是充实地度过每一天。本题考查名词辨析。recipe秘诀,诀窍;record记录;range范围;receipt收据。 9.(2015浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.A.productionB.stressC.energyD.power答案答案B句意:减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈谈感受。本题考查名词辨析。production 产量,生产;stress 压力;

8、energy 能源,精力;power 力量,权力。故选B。10.(2015湖北,22)He gave himself a new name to hide his when he went to carry out the se-cret task.A.emotionB.talentC.identityD.treasure答案答案C句意:在去执行秘密任务的时候,为隐藏自己的身份,他给自己取了一个新名字。本题考查名词辨析。emotion情感;talent天才;identity身份;treasure珍宝,宝物。根据语境可知答案为C项。11.(2015安徽,30)There is no need t

9、o tell me your answer now.Give it some and then let me know.A.thoughtB.supportC.protectionD.authority答案答案A句意:现在没有必要告诉我你的答案,思考一下然后再让我知道。本题考查名词辨析。thought 思考;support 支持;protection 保护;authority 权威。故选A。12.(2015福建,24)The failure was a big to him,but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as en-thusiastic as ev

10、er.A.blowB.issueC.excuseD.factor答案答案A句意:这次失败对他来说是个很大的打击,但他并未气馁,很快他就又像以前一样充满了热情。本题考查名词辨析。blow 打击;issue 问题;excuse 借口;factor 因素。故选A。考点二冠词考点二冠词1.(2016浙江,2) prize for the winner of the competition is two-week holiday in Paris.A.The;不填B.A;不填C.A;theD.The;a答案答案D 句意:比赛获胜者的奖励是在巴黎度假两周。本题考查冠词。prize被介词短语for the

11、winner of the competition所限定,表示特指,故第一空应用the;第二空表示泛指,故用不定冠词a。2.(2015重庆,3)I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.A.the;/B.a;/C.the;aD.a;the答案答案C句意:我刚听说Dora工作的那家银行遭到了一名戴面具的持枪人抢劫。本题考查冠词。第一个空后的名词特指Dora工作的那家银行,应该用定冠词the;第二个空表示泛指,应该用不定冠词a。故选C项。考点一名词及名词辨析考点一名词及名词辨析三年模拟1.(2019

12、天津和平一模,6)The government placed on the number of foreign cars that could be imported.A.limitationsB.administrationC.requirementsD.restrictions答案答案D句意:中国政府对可进口的外国汽车的数量进行了限制。考查名词辨析。 limita-tion 限制; administration管理; requirement要求; restriction(尤指法律的)限制。A A组组2017201920172019年高考模拟年高考模拟考点基础题组考点基础题组2.(2019天

13、津河东一模,2)I broke my relationship with Peter because he always found with me.A.errorB.failureC.mistakeD.fault答案答案D句意:我与彼得的关系破裂了,因为他总是找我的茬。考查名词辨析。error 差错; failure 失败; mistake 错误,失误; fault 过错,缺点,毛病。 find fault with挑剔;指责。3.(2019天津河西质调一,3)Its supposed to be the end of the paperback and the of digital med

14、ia, but some bookstores are surviving the Internet age with surprising success.A.deadlineB.dawnC.duskD.departure答案答案B句意:数字媒体的开端,理应是平装书的结束,但一些书店在这个互联网时代继续存在并取得了惊人的成就。考查名词辨析。deadline 截止日期; dawn 开端; dusk 黄昏; departure 离开。故B选项符合语境。4.(2019天津红桥一模,4)Fiona never fails to grasp any chance of promotion.Shes a

15、 woman of .A.ambitionB.attentionC.expectationD.reputation答案答案A句意:菲奥娜从来不会不抓住任何提升的机会。她是一位有志向的女性。考查名词辨析。ambition 雄心,志向; attention 注意力; expectation 预期,预料; reputation 名誉。5.(2019天津十二校二模,11)What did he do in return for free and food offered by the kind couple?He helped their son with his lessons.A.conserva

16、tionB.admissionC.accommodationD.immigration答案答案C句意:对于那对善良的夫妇提供的免费食宿,他做了什么作为回报?他帮助他们的儿子补习功课。考查名词辨析。conservation 保存,保护;admission 允许进入;accom-modation 住处;immigration 移民人数。 6.(2019天津二模,2) to success cant defeat us.Instead, they can only make us stronger.A.Attempts B.BarriersC.ContributionsD.Access答案答案B句意

17、:通往成功的障碍并不会挫败我们,相反,它们只会使我们更坚强。考查名词辨析。 attempt 尝试; barrier障碍;contribution 贡献;access 机会,通道。7.(2018天津河西二模,2)No matter what you do, you should put your into it.A.mindB.heartC.brainD.thought答案答案B句意:不管你做什么,你都应该全身心投入。put ones heart into.全身心投入,故选B。8.(2018天津和平一模,2)Jims car crashed yesterday.Yes, but he had t

18、he good to escape injury when it happened.A.memoryB.conditionC.impressionD.fortune答案答案D句意:吉姆的车昨天撞了。是的,但他很幸运,在碰撞过程中没有受伤。考查名词辨析。fortune幸运;memory记忆;condition状态,状况;impression印象。9.(2018天津十二校一联,6)Jane realized her to become the first woman to run the 10,000 metres within 30 minutes.A.achievementB.commitme

19、ntC.competition D.ambition答案答案D句意:简实现了她成为第一个在30分钟内跑完10,000米的女性的理想。考查名词辨析。ambition追求,夙愿,理想;achievement成就;commitment承诺,投入;competition竞争,比赛。10.(2017天津十二校一模,5)Health care workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases be-cause of their to patients.A.exposureB.discriminationC.guidanceD.response答案

20、答案A句意:医护人员因接触病人而有感染疾病的风险。考查名词辨析。exposure暴露;discrimination歧视;guidance指导,引导;response反应,回答,答复。11.(2017天津和平一模,2)If you want to see a doctor, you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is a common in the USA.A.viewB.exerciseC.practiceD.reality答案答案C句意:如果你想去看医生,你要提前和他约定日期。那在美国是一种惯例。common practice“普遍的做法,惯例

21、”。12.(2017天津河西一模,2)Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team.But this time there is a(n) .A.break B.improvementC.exceptionD.tradition答案答案C句意:通常情况下“年度最佳球员”这一头衔会给最好球队中的大牌球员,但是这一次却是个例外。由Usually及But可知选C。exception一般情况以外的人(或事物),例外。考点二冠词考点二冠词1.(2018天津南开中学4月月考,1)Our city

22、 has area of 20,000 square kilometers, second only to the largest city in our province.A.a;theB.the;/C.an;/D./;the答案答案C句意:我们市面积为20,000平方千米,仅次于我们省最大的城市。have an area of“拥有的面积”为习惯搭配;second only to“仅次于”为固定搭配。故选C。2.(2018天津一中第四次月考,2)My cousin has decided to pursue career in music after his college graduat

23、ion though his parents dont agree with decision.A./;theB.a;theC.a;aD.a;/答案答案B句意:我表哥决定大学毕业后从事音乐事业,尽管他的父母不同意这个决定。考查冠词。第一空泛指“一项事业”,且career是以辅音音素开头的词,故用不定冠词a;第二空特指“大学毕业后从事音乐事业”这一决定,故用定冠词the。3.(2018天津一中5月月考,1)What about the party last night?It was great success.I think its great pity that you didnt atten

24、d it.A./;theB.a;aC./;aD.a;the答案答案B句意:昨晚的聚会怎么样?它办得很成功。我觉得你没参加很遗憾。考查冠词。a success为抽象名词具体化,意为“一件成功的事/一个成功的人”;Its a great pity that.“很遗憾”为固定句式。故答案为B。4.(2017天津红桥二模,2)I often have chat with my friends on phone in my spare time.A.a;the B.the;/ C.the;theD.a;/答案答案A句意:业余时间我经常和朋友们在电话里聊天。考查冠词。have a chat with sb

25、.为习惯搭配,on the phone也为习惯搭配,故答案为A。1.(2019天津河北一模,7)It came as a great to the parents that their son finally came back safe and sound.A.reliefB.senseC.relaxationD.favorB B组组2017201920172019年高考模拟年高考模拟专题综合题组专题综合题组答案答案A句意:他们的儿子最终安然无恙地回来了,给父母带来了巨大的安慰。考查名词辨析。 relief宽慰; sense 感觉,意识; relaxation 放松; favor 帮助,恩惠

26、。2.(2019天津河西二模,6)After leaving his home as a young man to seek his in western mining, Millsaps joined the Salvation Army in 1883.A.recreationB.fortuneC.expectationD.reputation答案答案B句意:年轻时Millsaps离开家去西部矿业寻找致富的机会,之后,他于1883年加入了救世军。考查名词辨析。recreation 娱乐,消遣;fortune 运气,机遇,财富; expectation 期望; repu-tation 名誉。

27、3.(2019天津红桥二模,9)What does PM2.5 mean?Its a professional indicating the condition of air pollution.A.numberB.markC.termD.item答案答案C句意:PM2.5是什么意思?它是一个表示空气污染状况的专业术语。考查名词辨析。number 数字;mark 标记;term术语;item 项目。4.(2019天津南开一模,10)School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous .A.statesB.conditionsC.s

28、ituationsD.positions答案答案C句意:学生必须被教授如何处理危险情况。考查名词辨析。state 状态; condition 条件; situation 情况,状况; position 位置,职位。5.(2019天津南开一模,12)At the meeting they discussed three different to the study of mathematics.A.approachesB.meansC.methods D.ways答案答案A句意:在会上,他们讨论了研究数学的三种不同的方法。考查名词辨析。approach to.的方法。 6.(2019天津十二校一

29、模,2)Wild swans in the area is a good indication of a better envi-ronment.A.exhibitionB.escapeC.absenceD.appearance答案答案D句意:这个地区野生天鹅的外观表明了当地良好的环境。考查名词辨析。exhibi-tion 展览; escape 逃脱; absence 缺乏,缺席; appearance 外观,外貌。7.(2019天津质调一,7)In the past few years, weve seen works by Chinese sci-fi writers winning in

30、ternational .A.conclusionB.standardC.potentialD.recognition答案答案D句意:在过去的几年里,我们看到了中国科幻小说家的作品赢得了全世界认可。考查名词辨析。recognition 认可; conclusion 结论; standard 标准; potential 潜力。8.(2018天津十二校二联,6)We have been making furniture for over 100 years, and have a world-wide for quality.A.contributionB.qualificationC.reput

31、ationD.institution答案答案C句意:我们生产家具已有100多年,因质量而享有世界声誉。考查名词辨析。reputa-tion名声,名誉;contribution贡献;qualification资格;institution制度,机构。9.(2018天津河东一模,2)In recent years, Chinese arts have won the of a lot of people out-side China.A.reputation B.enjoymentC.appreciationD.entertainment答案答案C句意:近年来,中国艺术赢得了许多国外人士的赞赏。考查

32、名词辨析。appreciation欣赏;reputation名誉,名声;enjoyment享受,乐趣;entertainment娱乐。10.(2018天津南开中学4月月考,10)Its stressed that measures to control the house price will be high on the of the government.A.altitudeB.agencyC.agenda D.accommodation答案答案C句意:需要强调的是采取措施控制房价将是政府的当务之急。be high on the agenda是当务之急,是最重要的待办事项。11.(2018

33、天津一中第四次月考,8)Some experts fear that too-early to computers will have harmful consequences for childrens development.A.exposureB.extensionC.exhibitionD.expansion答案答案A句意:一些专家担心过早接触电脑会对孩子的成长产生有害的影响。考查名词辨析。exposure暴露,接触;extension延长,延伸,延期;exhibition展览;expansion扩大,扩张。12.(2018天津南开三模,1)It is widely accepted

34、that the stock market usually reflects a countrys e-conomic .A.function B.performance C.cooperation D.dependence答案答案B句意:人们普遍认为,股市通常反映一个国家的经济状况。考查名词辨析。perfor-mance“表现”符合句意。function功能,作用;cooperation合作;dependence依赖,依靠。13.(2018天津和平二模,1)The development of industry has been gradual process through-out hum

35、an existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A./;theB.the;aC.a;/D.a;a答案答案C句意:从石器到现代科技,工业的发展是一个贯穿人类生存的渐进过程。考查冠词。第一空泛指“一个过程”,故用不定冠词;human existence“人类生存”为泛指的抽象概念,故不用冠词。答案为C。14.(2018天津耀华中学二模,1)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that peo-ple from all walks of life are working har

36、d for new Tianjin.A./;a B./;the C.the;a D.the;the答案答案A句意:来这儿的游客都对各行各业的人们正在努力为一个全新的天津而奋斗的事实印象深刻。考查冠词。第一空:people from all walks of life“来自各行各业的人们”,此处people为泛指,故其前不加任何冠词;第二空:Tianjin前有形容词new,泛指“一个全新的天津”,故需用不定冠词。答案为A。15.(2018江苏扬州、南通、徐州等市三模,21)Elizabeth shows great in her choice of friends, so she has a l

37、ot of trustworthy companions.A.comprehensionB.discriminationC.determinationD.consideration答案答案B句意:伊丽莎白在择友方面颇具慧眼,所以她有很多值得信赖的同伴。考查名词辨析。discrimination鉴别力,辨别力,识别力;comprehension理解,理解力;determination决心,决定;consideration考虑。16.(2018江苏南京一模,3)Father always instructs me to do kind acts and bring more joy into th

38、e world around us.Thats great.Small can often create huge blessings.A.gesturesB.impactsC.schemesD.concepts答案答案A句意:父亲总是教导我做善事,给我们周围的世界带去更多的快乐。好极了。小小的举动往往能带来巨大的幸运。考查名词辨析。gesture表示,姿态;impact作用,影响;scheme规划,方案;concept观念,概念。17.(2018江苏姜堰、溧阳、前黄联考,24)Chinas BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, whose po-sition

39、ing will reach 2.5 metres by 2020, will soon provide services to more countries.A.accuracyB.categoryC.functionD.reference答案答案A句意:中国北斗卫星导航系统的定位精度到2020年将达到2.5米。它将很快向更多的国家提供服务。考查名词辨析。accuracy精确度,准确性;category种类,类别;function功能,作用;reference参考。18.(2017天津南开二模,1)Unfortunately, stone hit him on head and he got

40、 injured.A.the;aB.a;/C.a;theD.the;the 答案答案C句意:不幸的是,一块石头击中了他的头部,他受伤了。考查冠词。第一空表泛指,用不定冠词a;第二空on the head为习惯搭配,用定冠词the。故答案为C。19.(2017天津河西二模,3)I prefer writing letters to talking on phone.A.the;a B./;the C.the;the D./;a答案答案B句意:和在电话中交谈相比,我更喜欢写信。考查冠词。第一空write letters为固定搭配,不用冠词;第二空on the phone也为习惯搭配。20.(201

41、7天津南开三模,11)It was a difficult job for him.He had tried everything but it made little .A.useB.goodC.differenceD.result答案答案C句意:这对于他来说是件困难的事。他尝试了各种方法,但收效甚微。考查名词辨析。make little difference“没多大的区别”为固定结构。类似的还有make no difference没有影响;make a difference有影响,有作用。21.(2017天津河东一模,2)This is our contribution to world

42、of the 21st century, world of independence and mutual understanding.A.the;aB./;aC.a;theD.the;/答案答案A句意:这是我们对 21 世纪的世界的贡献,一个独立的、互相理解的世界。考查冠词。第一空用the,特指“21 世纪的世界”;第二空用a,泛指“一个独立的、互相理解的世界”。故答案为A。22.(2017江苏南京三模,22)For the final of our journey, we decided to take the coach.A.leg B.roundC.distanceD.path答案答案

43、A句意:在我们旅程的最后一段路程,我们决定乘长途公共汽车。考查名词辨析。leg一段路程,一段旅程;round回合;distance距离,路程;path小路,道路。历年高考试题汇编考点一名词及名词辨析考点一名词及名词辨析1.(2005天津,10)Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his .A.abilityB.forceC.strengthD.mind2.(2006天津,15)Finding information in todays world is easy.The is how you can tell if the

44、 information you get is useful or not.A.abilityB.competitionC.challengeD.knowledge4.(2008天津,11)Most air pollution is caused by the burning of like coal,gas and oil.A.fuelsB.articlesC.goodsD.products3.(2007天津,12)One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living .A.billsB.ex

45、pensesC.pricesD.charges5.(2009天津,1)Im trying to break the of getting up too late. A.traditionB.convenienceC.habitD.leisure6.(2010天津,3)James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.A.roomB.areaC.fieldD.position7.(2010浙江,16)The school advisers help you talk through your prob

46、lems but they dont give you any direct .A.solutionB.targetC.measureD.function8.(2010江苏,22)The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients,so he has a very good .A.expectationB.reputationC.contributionD.civilization9.(2010安徽,25)I havent seen Sara since she

47、 was a little girl,and she has changed beyond .A.hearingB.strengthC.recognitionD.measure10.(2010湖北,21)This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A.divisionB.areaC.rangeD.circle11.(2010湖北,22)After the earthquake,the first thing the local government did w

48、as to provide for the homeless families.A.accommodationB.occupationC.equipment D.furniture12.(2011湖北,22)Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big ,but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.A.projectB.commitmentC.competitionD.ambition13.(2011湖北,21)“Tommy,run!Be quick!The

49、house is on fire!”the mother shouted,with clearly in her voice.A.angerB.rudenessC.regretD.panic14.(2011山东,34)Theres a in our office that when its somebodys birthday,they bring in a cake for us all to share.A.traditionB.balanceC.concernD.relationship15.(2011浙江,18)Anyway,I cant cheat himits against al

50、l my .A.emotionsB.principlesC.regulationsD.opinions16.(2012浙江,7)Your as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.A.operationB.growthC.performanceD.character17.(2012湖北,29)It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease

51、 that may not have any .A.symptomB.similarityC.sampleD.shadow18.(2012江西,29)Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future .A.purposeB.referenceC.progressD.memory19.(2012江苏,21)Can I help you with it?I appreciate your ,but I can manage it myself.A.adviceB.questionC.offerD.idea20

52、.(2012湖北,30)The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct in applying for a visa.A.patternB.procedureC.programD.perspective21.(2012山东,24)My first of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.A.expressionB.attentionC.satisfactionD.impression22.(2013湖北,21)Poetry written from t

53、he of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.A.perspectiveB.priorityC.participationD.privilege23.(2013江西,22)Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with .A.curiosityB.satisfactionC.envyD.patience24.(2013湖北,22)Carbon dioxide,which makes a between

54、 us and the sun,prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily,so the earth is becoming warmer.A.differenceB.comparisonC.connectionD.barrier25.(2013江苏,33)With inspiration from other food cultures,American food culture can take a for the better.A.shareB.chanceC.turnD.lead26.(2014天津,3)Wind is

55、 now the worlds fastest growing of power.A.sourceB.senseC.resultD.root27.(2014湖北,21)Her for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher educa-tion.A.talentB.motivationC.qualificationD.technique28.(2014湖北,22)When Richard said,“You are much more agreeable and prettier now,”Joans face tur

56、ned red at the unexpected .A.contributionB.complimentC.comparisonD.command29.(2014安徽,29)Why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one?Thats a good .A.sayingB.questionC.suggestionD.account30.(2014江苏,27)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a power

57、ful in last years election.A.symbolB.portraitC.identityD.statue31.(2014浙江,6)We most prefer to say yes to the of someone we know and like.A.attemptsB.requestsC.doubtsD.promises32.(2014福建,26)Could you tell me the of making such tasty cakes?Well,I just follow the directions in the cookbook.A.featureB.planC.costD.trick答案答案15CCBAC610AABCC11