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1、基础英语必学的50个后缀 50个一定要学的英语前后缀Unit 1 名词后缀1. 表示“人”的名词后缀1. 2. 3. 4. 5.1. -aire词缀考古学:意为person who, that which,表示“···的人或物”词汇:millionaire, doctrinaire, solitaire, questionnaire, billionaire, commissionaire, occupationaire, concessionaire词根:doc(教导) docilesol(独自) solitude2. -ant词缀考古学:意为having th
2、e quality of,表示“具有···性质的人或物”词汇:accountant, inhabitant, aspirant, tyrant, disinfectant, participant, assistant, pollutant词根:count(数,计算) counterhab(有) habitatspir(e)(呼吸) perspire3. -ary, -ory词缀考古学:意为person who,表示“···的人”词汇:mandatory, emissary, luminary, mercenary, secretar
3、y, dictionary, vocabulary词根:mand(命令) commandvers(转向) conversemiss(送;放出) emission4. -ate词缀考古学:意为person who, that which,表示“···的人”词汇:delegate, candidate, surrogate, doctorate, advocate, electorate, celibate, reprobate词根:leg(指定) legationcand(白色的;光亮的) candidrog(要求) interrogate5. -cian词缀考古学
4、:指“人”的名词后缀,意为person who, 表示“···的人”词汇:logician, magician, musician, mortician, optician, patrician, pediatrician, clinician词根:log(发言) logicalmag(魔法,戏法) magicmus(音乐) music6. 7. 8. 9. 10.6. -ee词缀考古学:指“人”的名词后缀,意为one who,表示“成为···的人,做···的人”词汇:fiancee, refugee,
5、devotee, trainee, examinee, employee, appointee, returnee词根:fi(d)(相信)confidefug(逃跑) fugitivevot(发誓) devotion7. -ent词缀考古学:意为person who, having the quality of,表示“···的人;带有···的性质的”词汇:ambient, president, antecedent, parent, resident, correspondent, insistent, detergent词根:amb
6、(周围) ambiguoussid(坐) assiduousced(e)(走) recede8. -ier词缀考古学:意为person who, 表示“···的人;与···相关的人”词汇:pacifier, cashier, cavalier, financier, glacier, frontier, chandelier, barrier, 词根:pac(和平) pacificationcaval(马) cavalcade9. -ist词缀考古学:意为person who,表示“···的人”词汇:ge
7、ologist, optimist, soloist, feminist, nationalist, materialist, antagonist, dentist词根:geo(地;地球) geometryopt(希望) optimumsol(独自) solely10. -or, -our词缀考古学:指“人”或抽象名词的后缀,意为one who, that which,表示“···的人或物”词汇:candour, vapour, mentor, arbitrator, pastor, detector, generator, precursor词根:cand(白
8、;发光) incandescencevap(蒸汽) evaporatement(思考;心智) mentality2. 表抽象名词的后缀11. 12. 13. 14. 15.11. -ace词缀考古学:表抽象名词或地点词汇:populace, terrace, solace, menace, furnace, grimace, grace, space词根:popul(人) popularityterr(地) territorysol(单独) console12. -ade词缀考古学:意为act, result, collective,表示“行动;结果;集体的,共同的”词汇:parade, ba
9、rricade, promenade, arcade, blockade, serenade, decade, brigade词根:par(准备) preparebar(障碍) barriermen(带领) commence13. -age词缀考古学:意为that which,表示“状态;行为;集合;地点;位置;质量;物品”等词汇:ravage, heritage, salvage, barrage, bondage, beverage, tutelage, advantage词根:ra(p)(夺取) raptupusher(继承) inheritslav(安全) salvation14. -
10、al词缀考古学:意为state, quality, one who, that which,表示“状态或性质”,即“···的人或物”词汇:criminal, aboriginal, survival, rival, appraisal, cereal, dismissal, refusal词根:crimin(犯罪,罪行) recriminationori(上升;开始;出现) orientalviv(生存,生活) revive15. -ance, -ancy词缀考古学:意为state, quality, act, that, which,表示“状态;性质;行为”词汇
11、:vengeance, resemblance, disturbance, tolerance, reliance, forbearance, perseverance, appearance词根:venge(惩罚) revengesembl(相似) assembleturb(摇动;扰乱) disturb16. -cy词缀考古学:意为state, quality,表示“性质或状态”词汇:fallacy, intricacy, emergence, piracy, pregnancy, bankruptcy, celibacy, idiocy词根:fall(错误) fallibletric(小障
12、碍物) extricatemerg(浸入) submerge16. 17. 18. 19. 20.17. -dom词缀考古学:意为state, quality, position, place where,表示“状态;性质;位置”词汇:freedom, wisdom, boredom, kingdom, filmdom, martyrdom, dukedom, stardom词根:()18. -hood, -head词缀考古学:意为period, quality,表示“时期;带有···的性质”词汇:falsehood, neighborhood, adulthoo
13、d, childhood, boyhood, godhead, hardihood, likelihood词根:fal(l)(错误) falliblenei(附近) neighborul(=al)(滋养) adultness19. -ic(s)词缀考古学:意为study, art, science, system, 表示“学科;艺术;学术;体系”词汇:pediatrics, economics, genetics, mechanics, aeronautics, linguistics, logistics, dietetics词根:ped(儿童) pedantnom(法则) astronom
14、ygen(出生;创造)engender20. -ice, -ise词缀考古学:意为act, state,表示“行为;状态”词汇:malice, armistice, mortise, novice, cowardice, merchandise, treatise, exercise词根:mal(坏的) malefacetionarm(武器) armymort(死亡) mortality21. 22. 23. 24. 25.21. -ing词缀考古学:意为state, business, cause to,表示“···的状态;行业;正··
15、83;的:令人···的”词汇:clothing, banking, engrossing, learning, feeling, fishing, accounting, outgoing词根:cloth(布;衣服) clothesbank(长凳) banquetgross(大) engross22. -ion(-tion, -sion, -ation)词缀考古学:意为that which,表示“···的动作或状态”。其变形为-tion, -sion, -ation词汇:audition, caption, partition, cu
16、shion, mansion, carnation, inflation, consolation词根:aud(听) audience,英语学习0731fww. comcap(拿取) captivitypart(部分;分开) partake23. -ism, -asm词缀考古学:意为belief, speech, condition, state, act, 表示“信仰;主义;讲话;状况,状态;行为”词汇:baptism, hedonism, nihilism, empiricism, extremism, idealism, materialism, Confucianism词根:bapt(
17、浸入) Baptisthedon(快乐) hedonisticnihil(无,不存在) annihilation24. -itude词缀考古学:意为quality, state,表示“性质;状态”词汇:solitude, plenitude, fortitude, longitude, magnitude, latitude, attitude, beatitude词根:sol(单独) soliloquyplen(满,填满) replenishfort(强大;力量) fortify25. -ment词缀考古学:意为state, quality, act, that which,表示“状态;性质
18、;行为;···的物”词汇:appeasement, augment, rudiment, embodiment, harassment, fragment, garment, segment词根:peas(平静) appeaseaug(增大,增加) augustrud(为成熟的;天然的) crude26. 27. 28. 29. 30.26. -mony词缀考古学:意为state,表示“状态”词汇:matrimony, patrimony, testimony, harmony, acrimony, ceremony, hegemony词根:matri(母性;母亲
19、) matriarchpatri(父亲) patriotismtest(证明;看见) protest27. -ness词缀考古学:意为state, quality,表示“状态;性质”,通常加在形容词后面词汇:positiveness, promptness, attractiveness, forwardness, kindness, tiredness, brightness, fulsomeness词根:pos(放置) positivismmpt(拿取) redemptiontract(拉) tractor28. -o(u)r词缀考古学:意为one who, that which,表示“&
20、#183;··的人或物”词汇:clamour, vendor, inventor, candour, vapour, mediator, stupor, tremor词根:clam(叫喊) clamorousvend(销售) vendingvent(来) advent29. -ry词缀考古学:意为quality, state, business, science, place where, collective, 表示“状态:性质;行业;学科;场地”,还可作为集合名词的标志。-ry通常放在一个完整的单词后面词汇:mimicry, artistry, ferry, laund
21、ry, poetry, chemistry, rivalry, husbandry词根:mim(模仿) mimicart(技巧;艺术) artifactfer(搬运;承载) confer30. -ship词缀考古学:意为quality, condition, state, skill,表示“质量;条件;状态;技能”词汇:dictatorship, partnership, relationship, citizenship, membership, horsemanship, airmanship, hardship词根:dict(说) contradictpart(部分) partialla
22、t(带来,携带) relate31. 32. 33. 34. 35.31. -t, -th词缀考古学:意为action, state, quality, 表示“行为;状态;性质”词汇:strength, filth, mirth, zenith, depth, length, stealth, warmth词根:stren(坚硬的) strenuousfil(弄脏) defilemir(惊愕) miracle32. -ty, -ity, -y词缀考古学:意为act, that which,表示“行为;性质;状态;物”,常用在名词后面,作为抽象名词的标志词汇:fidelity, controve
23、rsy, longevity, levity, nonentity, diversity, triviality, vitality词根:fid(信任) infidelcontro(相对) controvertev(时间) medieval33. -ure词缀考古学:意为state, quality, act, result, that which,表示“状态;性质;行为;结果;···的人或物”词汇:legislature, posture, rupture, composure, scripture, signature, structure, torture词
24、根:leg(法律) illegalpos(放置) postulaterupt(折断) interrupt34. -y词缀考古学:意为state, condition, quality, act, result,表示“状态;状况;性质;行为;结果:”有三种构词方式;放在名词后表形容词;放在形容词或以-r结尾的单词后表名词;还可以放在名词后表示“人或小东西”,作为一种爱称常带有戏虐性词汇:tardy, discovery, inquiry, difficulty, mastery, fatty, missy, sleepy词根:tard(慢的) retardcover(覆盖;隐藏) covertq
25、uir(e)(询问;寻找) acquireUnit 2 形容词后缀35. -able, -ible词缀考古学:意为capable of,表示“易于···的;能够···得”词汇:amiable, variable, fallible, desirable, conceivable, eligible, feasible词根:am(喜爱) amenityvar(变化) variousfall(错误) fallacy36. 37. 38. 39. 40.36. -al, -ial词缀考古学:意为nature of,表示“具有·
26、183;·性质的”词汇:factual, global, martial, personal, exceptional, regional, pastoral, congenial词根:fact(做) manufactureglob(球体) globulemar(战争) Mars37. -ant, -ent词缀考古学:意为having the quality of,表示“具有···性质的”词汇:fluent, radiant, fervent, vigilant, extravagant, resistant, intoxicant词根:flu(流动)
27、fluctuationrad(放射) eradiateferv(沸腾) fervor38. -ary词缀考古学:意为relating to,表示“与···相关;···的”词汇:legendary, arbitrary, auxiliary, imaginary, elementary, stationary, sedentary, temporary词根:leg(阅读) illegiblebit(去) acrobataux(增加) augment39. -ful词缀考古学:意为full of, having the quality o
28、f,表示“充满的;具有···性质的”词汇:tactful, grateful, vengeful, awful, gleeful, hopeful, shameful, forgetful词根:tact(触觉;接触) intactgrat(使高兴) congratulateveng(惩罚) avenge40. -ic词缀考古学:意为nature of,表示“具有···本性的,···的”词汇:synthetic, graphic, caustic, fanatic, static, chaotic, ant
29、ibiotic, cosmic词根:thet(放) antitheticalgraph(写) autographcaust(燃烧) holocaust41. 42. 43. 44. 45.41. -ical词缀考古学:意为nature of,表示“具有···本性的”词汇:tyrannical, symmetrical, skeptical, hypocritical, botanical, classical, geometrical, methodical词根:tyrann(残暴) tyrannicidemetr(测量) metricskep(看) skepti
30、cism42. -ive词缀考古学:意为relating to, having the quality of, tending to, that which,表示“与···相关的;有···性质的,···的;倾向于···的;···的人或物”词汇:incisive, pensive, permissive, pervasive, repulsive, impassive, affirmative, lucrative词根:cis(切割) concis
31、epens(悬挂;称重) suspensemiss(送) commission43. -ous词缀考古学:意为many, full,表示“许多的;充满的”词汇:rigorous, prosperous, lustrous, zealous, advantageous, mountainous, luminous, timorous词根:rig(规定) regulationsper(希望) desperatelust(光) illustrateUnit 3 动词后缀44. -ate词缀考古学:意为make,表示“做;使”词汇:formulate, manipulate, motivate, differentiate, frustrate, attenuate, demonstrate, infiltrate词根:form(样式,形态;方式;表格) performanceman(操纵) manifestomot(移动) demote45. -en词缀考古学:意为make, having the quality of,表示“做;使;具有···的性质”词汇:hasten, straiten, lengthen, darken, sharpen, hearten, sweeten, shorte
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