初中英语现在完成时讲解全

1、现在完成时现在完成时的含义1.表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响。 I saw a movie. I have seen the movie. Have you ever been there?(八下Unit9) I have never been camping. 1.表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响结构： have/has+过去分词 （对have /has)进行变换 have/has not+过去分词 （havent hasnt) Have/Has+主语+过去分词 (Yes,have/has.No,havent/hasnt) 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词Have yo

2、u finished your homework?I have finished my homework.What have you finished?I havent finished my homework 标志词：already yet just already 用于肯定句中, 已经 :I have already had lunch. Yet 用于否定句 疑问句末 Just:刚刚 Have you had lunch_? I have _ had lunch I havent had lunch _. I have just had my lunch.还已经总结：现在完成时 含义 1

3、:_ 结构：肯 _ 否_ 一般疑问 _ 特殊疑问_ 标志词|:_ 2.一一个动作从过去开始持续到个动作从过去开始持续到现现在，并有可能继续持续在，并有可能继续持续下去。下去。过去时：动作过去已经结束。 He has taught in our school for five years. I have worked since last week. 第二层含义的标志词： 和for 和since 连用 for+时间段（持续） since（自从）+时间点 I have studied English for ten years.= I have studied English since ten

4、years ago.注意：完成时不能单独和时间状语(two hours,three days,last week,four hours ago)连用，必须加上for ,since.填空使用for和since I have been here_half past three. The car has been here _yeaterday. I have been in Only_four years. The boy has been in our class_six week. She has lived here _1996. 2 标准词：so far/up to now (到目前为止）

5、 ;lately/recently(最近） Up to now/So far ,I havent been successful. Lately/Recently,I havent seen my teacher. 总结I lived in Wuwei ten years ago.I have lived in Wuwei for ten years.I have lived in Wuwei since ten years ago.I studied English ten years ago.I have studied English for ten years I have studi

6、ed English since ten years ago.判断正误I bought the book five days ago.I have bought the book.I have bought the book for five days.I have had the book for five days.I have had the book since five days ago. Tips:buy 这个动作现在完成时中常见的非延续性动词现在完成时中常见的非延续性动词非延续性动词：非延续性动词： buy borrow die leave begin/start come /

7、go finish 这些动词不能和这些动词不能和 for . Since连连用用 与与for和和since连用时，连用时，要把它们变要把它们变成相应的延续性动词成相应的延续性动词-（buy买了买了） had （borrow借了借了） keep（start/ begin开始开始 了了） be on （leave离开了离开了） be away (from)（come来到某地来到某地.） be here /介词介词+地点地点（go去某地去某地.） be there/介介词词+地点地点 （die 死了死了） be dead (finish结束结束.) be over for since.1.我买这本书

8、三年我买这本书三年了了。Buy I have bought the book. (1) I have had the book for 3 years. (2) I have had the book since 3 years ago. 2.他借这本书两个月他借这本书两个月了了borrow He has borrow the book. (1）He has kept the book for 2 months . (2) He has kept the book since 2 months ago. 3.李梅离开济南一年了李梅离开济南一年了 .leave LiMei has left Ji

9、nan (1) Li Mei has been away from Jinan for one year. (2) Li Mei has been away from Jinan since 1 year ago. 1. He died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the mot

10、orbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8. They ope

11、ned the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. - He _ _ a _ for a year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army. 延续性延续性动词和动词和瞬间瞬间性性动词之间的转化动词之间的转化Exercise1. Tom _for

12、several hours. A. went to bed B. has been in bed C. has gone to bed D. has been to bed2.How long have you_this city? A. been to B. been in C. come to D. gone to 3. My aunt _the TV for 4 months. A. has bought B. was bought C. was had D. has had4. Mr Brown _the car for 3 months. A. bought B. had bought C. has had D. buys5. The old man _for two days. A. has died B. has been dead C. died D.dies 6.My sister has_ for 8 years. A. become a driver B. left the city C. arrived in the city D. lived here7.How long have you_? A. joined the team B. become a team leader C