新编大学英语 第五册Unit

1、Friends & Friendship Task 1: Listen and DiscussTask 2: Do you know?Task 3: BrainstormingTask 4: Proverbs and sayingsStep 1: Listen to the song “Thats what friends are for”, and fill in the blanks with the missing words. Thats What Friends Are For And I _ Id feel this wayAnd _ Im concernedIm glad

2、 I got _ to sayThat I _ I love youAnd if, I should ever _Well, then _ and try To feel _ we do todayAnd then if you can _Listen and DiscussKeep _, keep _Knowing you can always _ me_Thats what friends are forFor _ times and _ timesIll be _ forever moreThats what friends are forWell you _ meAnd now the

3、res _ I seeAnd so _ I thank youListen and DiscussOh and thenFor the times when _Well then close your eyes _These words are _ my heartAnd then if you can _.Keep _, keep _Knowing you can always _ me_Thats what friends are forListen and DiscussReplayThats What Friends Are For And I _ Id feel this wayAn

4、d _ Im concernedIm glad I got _ to sayThat I _ I love you And if, I should ever _Well, then _ and try To feel _ we do todayAnd then if you can _Listen and Discussnever thought as far as the chance do believe go awayclose your eyes the way rememberKeep _, keep _Knowing you can always _ me_Thats what

5、friends are forFor _ times and _ timesIll be _ forever moreThats what friends are forWell you _ meAnd now theres _ I seeAnd so _ I thank youListen and Discusssmilingshiningcount on For suregood bad on your side came and opened so much more by the way Oh and thenFor the times when _Well then close yo

6、ur eyes _These words are _ my heartAnd then if you can _.Keep _, keep _Knowing you can always _ me_Thats what friends are forListen and Discusswere apartcoming fromremembersmilingshiningcount on For sureand knowStep 2: Discuss with your partner the advantages of having friends.Listen and Discuss1. P

7、roviding company when we are lonely;2. Giving us emotional support;3. Providing practical help when we are in need;4. Broadening our horizon;5. Helping us to have better understanding of ourselves, including strong points and shortcomings.Directions: Work in pairs to list the different sorts of frie

8、nds or friendships in the Chinese language, and explain them in English.Different Sorts of friends or friendships男男/ /女朋友女朋友boyfriend/girlfriend坏坏/ /好好/ /挚友挚友bad/good/best friends 真正的真正的/ /虚伪的朋友虚伪的朋友true/false friends 酒肉朋友酒肉朋友fair-weather friend Different Sorts of friends or friendships网友网友key pal/I

9、nternet friends 患难之交患难之交friends in need 忘年交忘年交friendship between generations / cross-generational friendship 生死之交生死之交friendship between people who are ready to die for each other 泛泛之交泛泛之交friendship between nodding acquaintances Directions: Work in groups of 4 students, thinking about the important q

10、ualities for a good friend as many as possible.What qualities should a good friend have?一个篱笆三个桩一个篱笆三个桩, , 一个好汉三个帮一个好汉三个帮 As one fence needs three stakes, a good guy needs three fellows.在家靠父母，出门靠朋友在家靠父母，出门靠朋友 It is your parents that you can rely on at home, but it is your friends that you can count o

11、n when out in the society.有难同当，有福共享有难同当，有福共享 People can share all their thoughts with their friends, no matter whether its about bitterness, hardships or happiness.Proverbs and sayingsA true friend is one who overlooks your failures and tolerates your success. A good friend is one who neither looks

12、down on you nor keeps up with you.If you cannot think of any nice things to say about your friends, then you have the wrong friends. A simple friend expects you to always be there for them. A real friend expects to always be there for you! Proverbs and sayings In-Class Reading Introduction (Para. 1-

13、2) Different styles of friendship in France, Germany, England and America. (Para. 3-9) Basically between men. Supporting Evidence:1) Women cant be friends or “its a different thing.”2) The kind of friendship within a group-men and women who have worked together for a long time - is not friendship in

14、 French eyes.In France.( 3 distinguishing features) A one-to-one relationship that demands a keen awareness of the other persons intellectual temperament and particular interests.In France.Supporting Evidence:Friends draw out each others best qualities. It is compartmentalized.In France.Supporting E

15、vidence:1) Different friends fill different niches in each persons life.2) Friendship are not made part of family life.In GermanySupporting Evidence In EnglandIn the midst of activities, people fall into step- sometimes two men or two women, sometimes two couples, sometimes three people. 2) Friendsh

16、ip can be picked up where it has been left off as if in the course of dancing. 3) Friendship wont be hurt or destroyed by differences of viewpoints or feelings. Supporting Evidence In AmericaSupporting Evidence Conclusion: There are shared features of friendship in different countries: (Para.10)1)Fr

17、iendship implies freedom of choice. 2)Between friends there is inevitably a kind of equality of give-and-take.The difficulty when strangers from two countries meet is not a lack of appreciation of friendship, but expectations about what constitutes friendship and how it comes into being. (Line 6)not

18、 but :表示表示不是不是 而是而是。你买错了衬衫你买错了衬衫. . 我要的不是红色的我要的不是红色的; ; 而是蓝色的。而是蓝色的。 Youve bought the wrong shirt. Its not the red one I wanted but the blue one. 他妈妈不会去那儿，而是他爸爸去。他妈妈不会去那儿，而是他爸爸去。His mother wont be there, but his father might.确切地说他不是撒谎，而是有点夸张。确切地说他不是撒谎，而是有点夸张。It isnt that he lied exactly, but he did

19、tend to exaggerate. cf. Note: “consist of ” has no passive voice.2) 3) 该委员会的该委员会的建立建立不合规定不合规定, , 因而没有合因而没有合法的权力法的权力. . The committee had been improperly constituted, and therefore had no legal power. someone 后有两个定语从句来修饰，一个由后有两个定语从句来修饰，一个由who引导，另一个由引导，另一个由with whom引导引导。 . use sth. 使用使用; 利用利用; 运用运用我们这

20、一项目自始至终都我们这一项目自始至终都借助借助她的经验她的经验. . 我只好我只好动用动用我的储蓄我的储蓄. . 朋友是这样的人：他会使你充分发挥你的最佳品朋友是这样的人：他会使你充分发挥你的最佳品质，跟他在一起你会生气勃勃，并能把加深相互质，跟他在一起你会生气勃勃，并能把加深相互间友谊的一切表现得更加出色。你的政治思想更间友谊的一切表现得更加出色。你的政治思想更加深邃，对戏剧的鉴赏力更加敏锐，品评美食美加深邃，对戏剧的鉴赏力更加敏锐，品评美食美酒的能力更强，从运动中得到的乐趣更多。酒的能力更强，从运动中得到的乐趣更多。句中，句中，“boys and girls” 是是 “adolescent

21、”的同的同位语。位语。The defendant, a woman of thirty, denies kicking the policeman. Paris, the capital of France, is known as the most romantic city in the world. 琳达琳达与其说是与其说是老师还老师还不如说是不如说是个姐姐。个姐姐。not necessarily as a result ofbut instead as a result of 意为意为“不一定是因不一定是因为为而是由于而是由于”。in/out of step (with sb/sth)

22、 conforming/not conforming to what others are doing or thinking 与他人谐调/不谐调 他同现代思想他同现代思想不合拍不合拍。. 英国人友谊的中断英国人友谊的中断不一定是因为不一定是因为观点观点上产生了上产生了不可调和的分歧或者感情上出现了无法弥补的不可调和的分歧或者感情上出现了无法弥补的裂痕，裂痕，而是由于而是由于相互误解的结果。当一方对另相互误解的结果。当一方对另一方的想法、感情或者行为产生了严重的误解一方的想法、感情或者行为产生了严重的误解时，他们就会突然时，他们就会突然失和失和。 He particularizes the g

23、eneral points he wants to make.particularize (v.) (Line 11,Para.2) to mention, describe, or treat individually; itemize or specify 使个使个体化：个别地提及，描述或对待；逐体化：个别地提及，描述或对待；逐个列举或详细说明个列举或详细说明他他详细说明了详细说明了他想说的要点。他想说的要点。European friendship is usually more particularized than American friendship.欧洲人的友谊通常更加欧洲人的友

24、谊通常更加具体具体。particular adj. 特殊的，特定的，详细的，挑剔的特殊的，特定的，详细的，挑剔的She has a particular preference for Chinese art.她对中国艺术有她对中国艺术有特别的特别的爱好爱好。我们将把我们将把这个这个例子当作例外例子当作例外。We will make an exception in this particular case. The landlady gave a particular description of the room.Shes very particular about what she wear

25、s.房东太太对这间房子进行了房东太太对这间房子进行了详尽的详尽的描述。描述。她对衣着很她对衣着很讲究讲究。in particular especially or specifically 尤其尤其; ; 特别特别: : particular n (often pl.) piece of information; detail; fact 信息信息; ; 细节细节; ; 事项事项He _ the stolen property. 请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。The whole meal was good but _ _ 整顿饭都很好整顿饭都很好, 尤其是葡萄酒更好尤其是葡萄酒更好.她的帐

26、目她的帐目笔笔无误笔笔无误.Her account is correct_他他详细列出详细列出全部被盗的财物全部被盗的财物.the wine in particularwas excellent. in every particular/all particulars.gave full particulars ofin someones eyes (Line 25, Para. 5) in someones opinionAlthough Im twenty, in my parents eyes, I am still a kid.尽管我都尽管我都20了，在我父母看来，我仍然是个孩子。了，

27、在我父母看来，我仍然是个孩子。in the eyes of the law 在法律看来在法律看来in the eyes of the world 在全世界看来在全世界看来In the eyes of the law stealing is an offence, no matter what your motives are.assume (Line 35, Para.6) n. 1) accept (sth.) as true before there is proof 假定；假设；设想；以为假定；假设；设想；以为We cannot assume anything in this case.

28、 在这种情形下我们无法作任何在这种情形下我们无法作任何揣测揣测. We can all leave together assuming (that) the others arent late.我们大家可以一起走我们大家可以一起走-假定假定其他人不耽搁的话其他人不耽搁的话. 2) put on or display (sth) falsely; pretend 装作；装出；假装装作；装出；假装The look of innocence she assumed had us all fooled. 她她装出装出清白无辜的样子把我们都愚弄了清白无辜的样子把我们都愚弄了. assume ignora

29、nce, indifference, an air of concern, etc 假装假装不知情不知情 装作装作不在乎不在乎 假意假意关心等关心等an assumed name 假名假名an assumed fact 假定的事实假定的事实3) begin to act in or exercise (sth); undertake; take on 开始从事；承担；担任；呈现开始从事；承担；担任；呈现The problem is beginning to assume massive proportions, ie become very great. 问题越来越大了问题越来越大了.The

30、new governor assumes office in January.新州长一月份新州长一月份 就职就职。He assumes his new responsibilities next month. 他下月他下月承担承担新任务新任务. .intensify (Line 36, Para. 6)v. to make intense or more intense；to become intense or more intense 增强或加增强或加强；强；变强变强The press has intensified its scrutiny of the candidates backgr

31、ound.新闻界已新闻界已增强增强了对该人背景的调查。了对该人背景的调查。随着考试的临近，我们的随着考试的临近，我们的复习时间也复习时间也加长加长了。了。Our review sessions intensified as exams drew ensity n. extreme force, strength, or concentration 强烈；紧张强烈；紧张I didnt realize the intensity of peoples feelings on this issue. 我没有意识到这一问题能引起群我没有意识到这一问题能引起群 情情激奋激奋. work

32、with greater intensity 更加更加紧张紧张地工作地工作 intense adj. existing in an extreme degree; very strong ; having deep feeling 极度的；很强烈的；热极度的；很强烈的；热情的情的intensive adj. marked by intensity；deep 强化的；强化的；集中的；深入的集中的；深入的 The meanings of intense and intensive overlap considerably, but the two are often subtly distinct

33、. When used to describe human feeling or activity, intense often suggests a strength or concentration that arises from inner dispositions and is particularly appropriate when used to describe emotional states (intense pleasure, dislike, loyalty, and so forth. 极度的快乐，极为厌恶，极度的快乐，极为厌恶，非常忠诚等等非常忠诚等等). Int

34、ensive is more frequently applied when the strength or concentration of an activity is imposed from the outside ( intensive bombing, training, marketing强烈的爆炸，强烈的训练，强烈的爆炸，强烈的训练，紧张的营销紧张的营销) a) Marks intense study of English b) Marks intensive study of English a) suggests that Mark himself was responsi

35、ble for the concentrated activity, whereas b) suggests that the program in which Mark was studying was designed to cover a great deal of material in a brief period. a) 表示马克对英语认真专注的学习，他认真学表示马克对英语认真专注的学习，他认真学习是自发的；习是自发的；b)b)表示马克对英语的集中强化学表示马克对英语的集中强化学习，他集中学习是因为短期内课程涵盖许多内习，他集中学习是因为短期内课程涵盖许多内容。容。请比较请比较pr

36、imarily (adv.) (Line 42, Para. 7) adv. 1) chiefly; mainly: 主要的；根本的主要的；根本的a scholastic program primarily for seniors; a primarily middle-class neighborhood.主要主要为高年级学生开设的教育课程；为高年级学生开设的教育课程；主要主要居民居民为中产阶级的居住区为中产阶级的居住区2) at first; originally 开始；起初，最初开始；起初，最初请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。This building was _ _primaril

37、y intended to be a这座建筑这座建筑原来是打算用作餐厅的原来是打算用作餐厅的。dinning hall.primary adj. 1) first in importance, rank, or quality 最重要的，首要的最重要的，首要的The primary function of a window is to let in light. 窗窗户的户的首要首要功能是透光。功能是透光。2) first in time or sequence; original 最初的；最初的；初始的；原始的初始的；原始的the primary stages of the project

38、项目的项目的初始初始阶段阶段3) fundamental; basic 基础的；基本的；根本基础的；基本的；根本的的The primary reason for advertising is to sell more goods. 做广告的做广告的根本根本目的是要多出售货物目的是要多出售货物 。primary school 初级初级学校（通常包括小学的前三学校（通常包括小学的前三或四个年级，有时也包括幼儿园）；小学或四个年级，有时也包括幼儿园）；小学4) relating to a primary school 小学的；初级的；小学的；初级的；初等的初等的tentative adj. done

39、, said, etc to test sth; hesitant or exploratory; not definite or decisive 试验性质的试验性质的; ; 踌躇的踌躇的; ; 试探性的试探性的; ; 不确不确定的定的; ; 非决定性的非决定性的:(Line 65 Para.8)make a tentative suggestion, proposal, plan, etc 提出提出试试探性的探性的建议提案计划等建议提案计划等 tentatively adv: played rather too tentatively 演奏得演奏得太太不果断不果断tentativeness

40、 n.reach a tentative conclusion 得出得出暂时的暂时的结论结论. subject (Line 65, Para. 8) adj. 1) obliged to obey sth/sb; under the authority of sth/sb 须服从某事物须服从某事物 某人某人 ; ; 受受某事物某事物 某人某人 支配支配We are subject to the law of the land. 我们我们须遵守须遵守当地的法律当地的法律. . Peasants used to be subject to the local landowner.农民过去农民过去受

41、受地主的地主的压迫压迫. . 2) often having, suffering or undergoing sth; liable to sth 常有常有 常患或常遭某事物常患或常遭某事物; ; 倾向某倾向某事物事物Are you subject to colds? 你你常患常患感冒吗感冒吗? ? Trains are subject to delay(s) after the heavy snowfalls. 一下大雪火车就一下大雪火车就往往往往误点误点. The timetable is subject to alteration. 时刻表时刻表有可能有可能更改更改. . 3) dep

42、ending on sth as a condition 以某以某事物为条件事物为条件; ; 取决於某事物取决於某事物: :sold subject to contract 依照合同出售依照合同出售The plan is subject to the directors approval. 该计划须经主管批准该计划须经主管批准. . subject v. 1）bring (a country, etc or a person) under ones control 使（国家等或人）臣服或顺使（国家等或人）臣服或顺从从; ; 征服征服; ; 制伏制伏: : Ancient Rome subjec

43、ted most of Europe (to its rule). 古罗马帝国古罗马帝国征服征服了欧洲大部分了欧洲大部分. .2) cause sb/sth to experience or undergo sth 使使某人某人 某物某物 经历或遭受某事物经历或遭受某事物subject sb to criticism, ridicule, abuse, etc 使某人使某人遭受遭受批评批评 取笑取笑 辱骂等辱骂等She was repeatedly subjected to torture. 她不断地她不断地受到受到折磨折磨. . As a test the metal was subject

44、ed to great heat. 这种金属这种金属经过了经过了高温试验高温试验. .subjection n. U subjecting or being subjected 征服征服; ; 制伏制伏; ; 臣服臣服; ; 顺从顺从the countrys subjection of its neighbour 该国对该国对邻国的邻国的征服征服 The people were kept in subjection. 这个民族已这个民族已沦为附庸沦为附庸. .strike up (Line 78,Para.9)1. (cause to) start to play music or sing;

45、 to start to play or sing (something): （使）（使）开始歌唱或演奏音乐开始歌唱或演奏音乐The band suddenly struck up.乐队突然乐队突然开始演奏开始演奏。The orchestra struck up a waltz.管弦乐队管弦乐队开始演奏开始演奏圆舞曲。圆舞曲。Strike up the band!让乐队让乐队开始演奏开始演奏。2) to initiate or begin: 发动或开始发动或开始：strike up a conversation 开始开始谈话谈话They struck up an acquaintance (w

46、ith each other) on the plane.他们在飞机上（相互）认识他们在飞机上（相互）认识了。了。complement n. (Line 80,Para.9)(to sth) thing that goes well or suitably with sth else, or makes it complete 相配合的事物相配合的事物; ; 补充物补充物; ; 补足物补足物: : Rice makes an excellent complement to a curry dish. 有咖喱的菜有咖喱的菜配配米饭最妙米饭最妙. .v. combine well (and oft

47、en contrastingly) with (sth) to form a whole 与（某事物）结与（某事物）结合（相辅相成）合（相辅相成）His business skill complements her flair for design. 他的经营技巧和她他的经营技巧和她的设计才能的设计才能相辅相成相辅相成. . Surely in every country people value friendship.Friendship is a one-to-one relationship that demands a keen awareness of the other perso

48、ns intellect, temperament and particular interests.Friendship is usually more particularized and carries a heavier burden of commitment.毋庸置疑，在每个国家里，人们都珍视友谊。毋庸置疑，在每个国家里，人们都珍视友谊。友谊是一对一的关系，双方需要非常熟悉彼此的才智、友谊是一对一的关系，双方需要非常熟悉彼此的才智、性情和嗜好。性情和嗜好。友谊通常更具体，并意味着更多的承诺和义务。友谊通常更具体，并意味着更多的承诺和义务。A friendship may be su

49、perficial, casual, situational or deep and enduring.友谊可以是肤浅的、偶然的、应景的、也可以是深厚友谊可以是肤浅的、偶然的、应景的、也可以是深厚持久的。持久的。Frenchwomen laugh at the idea that “women cant be friends”.Like ties of kinship, ties of friendship are meant to be permanently binding.法国女人对法国女人对“女人不能成为朋友女人不能成为朋友”这种观点嗤之以鼻。这种观点嗤之以鼻。像亲情纽带一样，友谊的纽

50、带也应该是永远联系在一起的。像亲情纽带一样，友谊的纽带也应该是永远联系在一起的。Meeting after a long interval, friends are like a couple who begin to dance again when the orchestra strikes up after a pause.久别重逢的朋友们就像是一对随着乐队休息片刻后又翩久别重逢的朋友们就像是一对随着乐队休息片刻后又翩翩起舞的舞伴一样。翩起舞的舞伴一样。And between friends there is inevitably a kind of equality of give-a

51、nd-take.朋友之间必然存在着一种互谅互让的平等关系。朋友之间必然存在着一种互谅互让的平等关系。写作实践 例文: Making Friends 相关链接 Practical Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutesto write a composition on the topic: Making FriendsMaking Friends Every one needs friends. One relies on his friends for a lot of help during his life

52、time; friends not only help through his difficulties and hardships but also share his joys. Without friends one feels lonely and solitary. Knowing how valuable friends are, we should be very careful in making friends. In order to make friends one should reach out first instead of just waiting. When

53、one takes in initiative, he will find many people who have common goals, tastes and interest with his. And his circle of friends grows. If one is always concerned about other people and helps them rid out a storm, they will certainly become his good friends. One should be polite, prudent, sincere, h

54、onest, tolerant and considerate in making friends. But one should also keep the principle in his mind that a good friends is helpful while a bad friends would be harmful. One should break off with false friends, get to know new ones and never forget old ones. As distance tests a horses strength, so

55、does time reveal a persons heart. A friend in need is a friend indeed. A long-term contact with someone will tell you who is a loyal friend and who is not. Life is a long way full of troubles, difficulties, hardships and pain. It is imperative to make good friends and keep the flowers of lasting fri

56、endship in full blossomI. TOEFL作文题目作文题目 Directions: You will have thirty minutes to plan and write an essay on the topic given below. Use the first few minutes to read the topic carefully and think about what kind of essay you will write. You may use the space immediately below the essay topic to ma

57、ke notes. Write your essay on the lined pages that follow. You will have enough space if you write on every line and keep your handwriting to a reasonable size. It is sometimes said that borrowing money from a friend can harm or damage the friendship. Do you agree? Why or why not? Use reasons and sp

58、ecific examples to explain your answer.II. IELTS作文题目作文题目 You should spend no more than 40 minutes on this task. Some people think that the family is the most important influence on young adults. Other people think that friends are the most important influence on young adults. Which view do you agree

59、 with? Use examples to support your position?You should write at least 250 words. You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience to support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.Write a letter to your pen friend according to the following descriptions.Youve got the address of a

60、n American college student named Jeffery Johnson. And you wish to make friends with him by writing letters to each other. Your letter may include: i) self-introduction; ii) personal interests or hobbies.Practical WritingDear Jeffery,I am a college student from Wuhan University, which is located in Wuhan