高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析13语境

1、完形填空题型一突破(五)语境化选择题1利用褒贬语境,判断是非曲直几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性,这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者的写作意图,因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断,从而在吃透文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息,找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子,大胆预测下文。典例When I took the first exam,I was 38 (shocked) to find a 77,Cplus,on my test paper, 39 (for) English was my best subject.I went to P

2、rofessor Jayne,who listened to my arguments but remained 40 .(2008北京)40AunchangedBunpleasantCunfriendly Dunmoved答案D解析本题属于根据语境判断是非曲直题。考生需要根据语境和上下文的关系来确定答案。Jayne教授听了我的理由,但通过but的转折可知,他并未被我打动,而是显得无动于衷。unmoved无动于衷的,符合语境。2避免只重语意,忽略习惯搭配高考完形填空题中有相当一部分试题属此类情况。该题目难度系数在0.50.6之间,是广大考生丢分最严重的题目。其原因是考生只注重语境,而忽视了词汇

3、的习惯搭配。所以考生在准确掌握语境的同时,更要注意所要填入的名词、形容词、动词与空格前面或后面某个词汇的习惯搭配,尤其要注意其与介词或副词的连用特点等。典例On a warm Monday,Jenny Neilson bought a sandwich and parked her car under some trees.Rolling down the windows to 41 in fresh air,she settled back to enjoy her lunch.(2008湖北)41Abring BletCgather Dsend答案B解析本题考查固定搭配。let in放进,

4、允许进入,符合句意。bring in赚得；吸引；gather in收获,收割；send in寄去(处理)。此处文意是“她摇下车窗放一些新鲜空气进来”,而不是为了收集空气,显然只有B项恰当。3巧妙利用平行结构,准确判断逻辑关系平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称,内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度,利用其意义的关联或对比这一特点来设空。高考完形填空常常会出现这样一些平行结构,掌握与这些结构极为相似的句子可大大提高解题效率。典例Not all of these 21 (fairies) are the f

5、riendly,peopleloving characters that appear in Disney films,and in some folktales they are 22 (cruel) and cause much human suffering.This is true in the tales about the Changeling.These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows 23 and pale and has changed so much that it is almost 24 to the parent

6、s.(2008广东)23A.sickBslim CshortDsmall24A.uncomfortable Bunbelievable Cunacceptable Dunrecognizable答案23.A24.D解析23题是典型的平行结构试题。根据and可知,其前后为并列关系,pale意思是“苍白的”,与之并列的应是sick,表示“有病的,生病的”。而根据前面的“changed so much”可知,后面的结果应是“对父母来说几乎是难以辨认的”,故24题答案为D。1When I was twelve years old,my family were the first black peopl

7、e to move into an allwhite part of Grand Rapids,Michigan.Many of our new neighbours werent very welcoming.Some of the adults said 1 that we should return to the place where we came from.The 2 sometimes threw stones at me or drove me home from school.Most of my teachers 3 took no notice of me,but not

8、 Dorothy Bean,my history teacher.Miss Bean was angry at how badly I was being 4 ,but she didnt say this to me.Miss Bean showed her respect for me by teaching me just like 5 else.Instead of being unnoticed,I was given a chance to show that I was smart.Miss Bean was the first teacher who ever made me

9、6 myself.She insisted on knowing what I thought about difficult questions.Was Thomas Jefferson 7 to buy Louisiana from France？Why？She expected me to have an opinion and to be able to 8 it up.Miss Bean taught me that thinking for yourself was the real key to education.One day,when I was not paying at

10、tention in class,Miss Bean suddenly 9 an eraser at me.Unbelievably,the eraser hit me right on the hand and sent my pencil flying.The whole class was 10 at first,and then started laughing.This incident became famous in this school and, 11 it happened to me,the students wanted to get to know me.So tha

11、ts the story of how Dorothy Bean made me her target,and how I became just another 12 in school.1A.kindly Bpitifully Cangrily Danxiously答案C解析考查语境理解。由“werent very welcoming”以及“we should return to the place where we came from”可知,邻居们对我们很不友好,因此答案选C。2A.seniors Bchildren Cenemies Delders答案B解析考查上下文暗示。从第一段中“

12、I was twelve years old”以及下文内容可推知,向“我”扔石头的应该是“孩子们”,所以答案选B。3A.easily Bsimply Cspecially Dhappily答案B解析考查语境理解。依据下文内容可知,Miss Bean对“我”很好,而其他大多数老师都不理会“我”,故答案选B。其他三个选项与take no notice of连用时,均不符合语境。4A.taught Bconsidered Cwelcomed Dtreated答案D解析考查语境理解。联系上文可知,此处指Miss Bean对别人如此恶劣地对待“我”感到很生气,因此答案选D。5A.anyone Bno o

13、ne Csomeone Dnone答案A解析考查句意理解。此处是指Miss Bean像教其他任何人一样教“我”,所以答案选A。6A.worry about Blook about Cwork for Dthink for答案D解析考查语境理解。由下句“She insisted on knowing what I thought about difficult questions.”可推断,此处表示Miss Bean让“我”独立思考,因此答案选D。下文中“thinking for yourself”也有暗示。7A.necessary BproblemCright Dfamous答案C解析考查常识

14、。结合全文及历史知识可知,此处指托马斯杰斐逊从法国人手里购买路易斯安那州的做法是否正确,故答案选C。8A.back Bset Cput Dgive答案A解析考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知,这里表示“能够支持自己的观点”,故答案选A。back up支持,证实(某人所言)。而不是set up“建立”；put up举起；give up放弃。9A.aimedBthrew Cpassed Dseized答案B解析考查语境理解。由下文“the eraser hit me right on the hand”可推知,这里表示Miss Bean把一个黑板擦朝“我”扔过来,故答案为B。10A.excited B

15、satisfied Cworried Dshocked答案D解析考查语境理解。由“and then started laughing”可推知,学生对老师的举动一开始感到非常吃惊(shocked),而不是excited“兴奋的”；satisfied满意的；worried担心的。因此答案选D。11A.when Bonce Cbecause Dwhether答案C解析考查上下文逻辑关系。前后句存在因果关系,因此答案选C。12A.kid Bproblem Cteacher Dexample答案A解析考查上下文暗示。依据上下文内容可知,此处是指“我”是如何成为学校里与以前不同的学生的,因此答案选A,也与

16、前文“I was twelve years old”相照应。2“But what if I break my arm again？”My fiveyearold daughter asked,looking very1.I knew she wanted very much to learn to ride,but ever since shed fallen off her bike and broken her arm,shed been afraid.“Oh,honey,”I said.“I dont think youll break another arm.”“2I could,co

17、uldnt I？”“You know,honey,”I said,“Almost everything you do comes with risks.You could get a broken arm in a car3and then be afraid to ever ride in a car again.You could break your arm jumping a rope.You could break your arm at gym.Do you want to4going to gym？”“No,”she said.And with a determined spir

18、it,she stood up and5to try again.I spent the rest of the afternoon at the park watching a very brave little girl overcome a fear,and6myself on being a useful single parent after a painful divorce (离婚)As we walked home,she asked me about a conversation shed overheard me having with my7the night befor

19、e.“Grandma wanted you to find someone to love.”“What grandma wants is for someone to8my heart again.”“But Mom.”“Youre too young to understand it,”I told her.“So I guess love isnt like a broken arm.”she said.9to answer,we walked the rest of the way in silence.When I got home,I called my mother and10h

20、er for talking about this to my daughter.Then I did what Id seen my brave little girl do that very afternoon.I agreed to11Steve.Steve was the man for me.We married less than a year later.It turned out my mother and daughter were12.1A.surprised Bdisappointed Csad Dpuzzled答案C解析由上下文语境可知,小女孩想骑自行车又不敢骑,由此

21、可以推断其心情是很悲哀的,因此该空应填sad。2A.And BOr CInstead DBut答案D解析母亲认为小女孩不会再摔断胳膊,而女儿认为自己有可能再摔断胳膊,因此该空含转折性逻辑关系,应填but。3A.trade Bsale Caccident Dshow答案C解析由常识可知,在汽车事故中人们的胳膊有可能受伤,因此该空应填accident。4A.start Bregret Cfinish Dstop答案D解析难道你不想去体育馆了吗？5A.offered Bagreed Chad Dchose答案B解析在母亲的解释与劝说下,女儿答应再试一次。6A.congratulating Bprai

22、sing Cencouraging Dcelebrating答案A解析我祝贺自己在痛苦的离婚之后能够做一个有用的单亲家长。7A.father Bmother Csister Dbrother答案B解析由下文Grandma可以推出该空表示“母亲”,因此应填mother。8A.warm Bfeel Cbuy Dbreak答案D解析由上文第6空所在句的a painful divorce可以推出该空表示“使破碎”,因此应填break。9A.Unable BUnwilling CUncertain DUnhappy答案A10A.punished Bscolded Cthanked Dappreciate

23、d答案B解析由上文可知,作者不满意她母亲给她女儿讲自己感情方面的事,因此该空表示“责怪”,应填scolded。11A.hire Bmeet Cfire Dinvite答案B解析我答应去见Steve。12A.wrong Bright Cclear Dclever答案B解析由上文可知,作者的母亲和女儿都赞成作者重新获得爱,而作者现在获得了爱,因此母亲和女儿的观点是对的。3(2010衡阳二次统考)She had been shopping with her Mom in WalMart.She must have been 6 years old.It was1outside.We all stoo

24、d just inside the door of the WalMart.Her voice was so sweet for the2waiting.“Mom,lets run through the rain,” she said.“What？” Mom asked.“Lets run through the rain！” She3.“No,honey.Well wait until it slows down a bit,” Mom replied.This young child waited about4minute and repeated,“Mom,lets run throu

25、gh the rain.”“Well get soaked if we do,” Mom said.“No,we wont,Mom.Thats not what you said this morning,” the young girl said as she5her Moms arm.“This morning？When did I say we could run through the rain and not get6？”“Dont you remember？When you were talking to Daddy about his cancer,you said,If God

26、 can get us7this,he can get us through anything！”The entire crowd became dead silent.I swore you couldnt hear anything but the rain.We all stood silently.Mom8and thought for a moment about what she would say.“Honey,you are absolutely right.Lets run through the rain.If we get wet,maybe we just need9,

27、” Mom said.Then off they ran.We all stood watching,smiling and laughing as they rushed past the cars.They held their shopping10over their heads just in case.They got soaked.But they were followed by a few who screamed and laughed like children all the way to their cars.And yes,I did.I ran.I got wet.

28、I needed washing.Circumstances or people can take away your11possessions,they can take away your money,and they can take away your health.But no one can ever take away your precious memories.So,dont forget to12time and take the opportunities to make memories every day!1A.quarrelling Bpouring Csnowin

29、g Dtrembling答案B解析考查语境和动词。由下文可知,外面下着雨,故用pour。pour有“(雨)倾泻,滂沱”之意。quarrel争吵,争辩；snow下雪；tremble发抖,均不符合语境。2A.annoying Binteresting Cappreciating Dexpecting答案A解析考查语境。躲雨等待的感受应该不是很舒服的,故选用annoying,意思是“使烦恼的”。interesting有趣的；appreciating欣赏的；expecting期望的,均与语境不符。3A.answered Bdeclared CrepeatedDannounced答案C解析考查语境。由上

30、下文可知,此处女儿又重复了一遍,故用repeated。answer为单纯地回答,没有重复之意,不是最佳答案。declare断言；宣布；announce宣布,这两个词的使用环境与此处不符,故排除。4A.a more Bother Can anotherDanother答案D解析考查词语辨析。此处意为“小女孩又等了一分钟。”another加单数名词或加数词和复数名词,表示“再,又”之意。another minute同one more minute,但不能用a more minute。5A.pulled Bhit Cpushed Ddragged答案A解析考查语境。小女孩应是“拉住”妈妈的胳膊。hit表示“击,打”之意；push推；drag拖,拖曳；缓慢而费力地行动；pull为一般意义的“拖,拉”。故选A项。6A.hurt Bwet Cwounded Ds