精选托福阅读词汇笔记(三)-智课教育旗下智课教育

1、 智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料 精选托福阅读词汇笔记(三-智课教育旗下智课教育本文和大家分享的是精选托福阅读词汇笔记系列的内容,供考生参考使用,希望考生能够认真备考,预祝考生能够考出好成绩。说起托福备考,很多人第一反应就是背词汇,作为语言最基础的单位,词汇自然是我们必须攻克的难题。但是独立的词汇记忆,效果肯定不会很好,所以智课教育托福小编精选了托福阅读词汇笔记系列,让大家记忆词汇的同时也能够复习托福阅读 , 一举两得,岂不乐哉。今天带来的是笔记三,大家一起在阅读中熟悉并记忆这些词汇吧。Before the 1850's the United States had a number

2、 of small colleges ,most of them dating from colonial days .They were small ,church-connected institutions whose primary concern was to shape the moral character of their students .Throughout Europe ,institutions of higher learning had developed ,bearing the ancient name of university .In Germany a

3、different kind of university had developed . The German university was concerned primarily with creating and spreading knowledge, not morals. Between mid-century and the end of the 1800's, more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home ,went to Germany for adva

4、nced study. Some of them returned to become presidents of venerable colleges - Harvard ,Yale , Columbia - and transform them into modem universities .The new presidents broke all ties with the churches and brought in a new kind of faculty. Professors were hired for their knowledge of a subject, not

5、because they were of the proper faith and had a strong arm for disciplining students. The new principle was that a university was to create knowledge as well as pass it on, and this called for a faculty composed of teacher-scholars. Drilling and learning by rote were replaced by the German method of

6、 lecturing , in which the professor's own research was presented in class . Graduate training leading to the Ph.D, an ancient German degree signifying the highest level of advanced scholarly attainment ,was introduced .With the establishment of the seminar system, graduate students learned to qu

7、estion ,analyze, and conduct their own research .At the same time ,the new university greatly expanded in size and course offerings, breaking completely out of the old , constricted curriculum of mathematics ,classics ,rhetoric ,and music . The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system ,by

8、which students were able to choose their own courses of study .The notion of major fields of study emerged .The new goal was to make the university relevant to the real pursuits of the world. Paying close heed to the practical needs of society ,the new universities trained men and women to work at i

9、ts tasks, with engineering students being the most characteristic of the new regime . Students were also trained as economists,architects ,agriculturalists ,social welfare workers ,and teachers.date : n. 日期,约会,枣椰子;vt. 约会,定日期;vi. 注明日期,过时;n. DOS命令:显示或设置系统日期colonial : a. 殖民的,殖民地的connect : vt. vi. 连接,联合

10、,关连primary : n. 最主要者,原色;a. 主要的,初期的,根本的,首要的,基本的concern : n. 关心,忧虑;vt. 与.有关,使担心,挂虑moral : n. 道德,品行,寓意;a. 道德的,品性端正的,良心的bearing : n. 举止,轴承,忍受,方向,意义,关系,生育ancient : a. 远古的,旧的develop : vt. 发展,发达,进步,洗印,显影;vi. 发展,生长primarily : ad. 主要地,首先地,基本地spreading : 撒布dissatisfy : vt. 使感觉不满,不满足advanced : a. 高等的,在前的,年老的,先

11、进的venerable : a. 庄严的,值得尊敬的Harvard : 美国哈佛大学Yale : n. 耶鲁 Columbia : n. 哥伦比亚transform : vt. 转换,改变,改造,使.变形;vi. 改变,转化,变换tie : n. 带子,线,鞋带,不分胜负,关系,领带,领结,平局,束缚;vt.系,打结,扎,约束,与.成平局;vi. 结合,打结,不分胜负faculty : n. 才能,能力,全体教员,(大学的系hire : n. 租金,租用,雇用;vt. 雇请,出租;vi. 受雇proper : a. 适当的,高尚的,专属的;ad. 完全地,彻底地discipline : n.

12、训练,纪律;vt. 训练,惩罚principle : n. 原则,原理,主义compose : vt. 组成,写作,作曲,使平静,编写;vi. 创作,排字scholar : n. 学者,公费生,有文化者,学习者drilling : n. 演练rote : n. 机械性的背诵,反复,死记硬背lecture : n. 演讲,谴责,教训;vt. 演讲,训诫,说教;vi. 讲演present : n. 礼物,现在,瞄准;a.现在的,出席的,当面的;vt.介绍,引见,赠送,上演,提出,呈现;vi. 举枪瞄准signify : vt. 象征,预示;vi. 要紧,重要attainment : n. 达到se

13、minar : n. 研究会,讨论发表会analyze : vt. 分析,分解conduct : n. 行为,举动,指导;vt.引导,指挥,实施;vi.引导,传导,指挥expand : vt. 使膨胀,详述,扩张;vi. 张开,发展;v. 展开constrict : vt. 压缩,束紧,使收缩;vi. 压缩curriculum : n. 课程classic : n.古典作品,杰作,第一流艺术家;a.第一流的,最优秀的,古典的rhetoric : n. 修辞,修辞学,华丽虚饰的语言elective : a. 选举的,根据选举的,选任的;n. 选修课程notion : n. 概念,观念,想法,打算,主张emerge : vi. 浮现,形成,(由某种状态脱出,(事实显现出来relevant : a. 有关联的,中肯的,有关系的,成比例的,相应的,适当的pursuit : n. 追踪,追捕,追求,追