四六级英语复合式听写题

1、四六级复合式听写题第 1 2 页 对考生应考而言，要注意合理利用这三遍录音：听读第一遍时，听为主、记为辅，着重整体的理解。考生可以在听的 同时，顺便填写有把握的单词和做些笔记。这时的重点是借助文字材料，理解和把握全篇内容和脉络。第二遍时，记为 主、听为辅。考生应抓紧时间，写下言简意赅的笔记。第三遍时，着重细节，目的在于查漏补缺。复合式听写最能通过练习而见成效。 一、给分标准 1. 36至43每题为0.5分。拼写完全正确的单词给0.5分，凡有错不给分，大小写错误忽略不计; 2. 4446满分为2分，答出第一和第二部分内容且语言正确各得1分; 二、扣分标准 1. 44至46题中有语言错误扣0.5分

2、，每题语言错误扣分不超过0.5分，凡不得分部分如有语言错误不再重复扣分; 2. 44至46题中凡有与问题无关的内容扣0.5分。 3. 44至46题中如出现明显属于笔误造成的拼写错误和大小写、标点符号错误，不扣分; 4. 用汉语回答问题不给分。 下面来分析讨论听力部分的最后一个题型就是复合式听写和听写填空。 下面我们以2001年1月出的复合式听写题为例讲解其做题方法和技巧。 The human body is a remarkable food processor. As an adult, you may consume(S1)_a ton of food per year and still

3、 not gain or lose a pound of body weight. You are (S2)_harnessing and consuming energy though the intricate (S3)_of your body in order to remain in energy balance. To (S4)_a given body weight , your energy input must balance your energy output . However, sometimes the(S5)_ _energy balance is upset,

4、and your(S6)_body weight will either fall or (S7)_. The term body image refers to the mental image we have of our own physical appearance , and (S8)_. Research has revealed that about 40 percent of adult men and 55 percent of adult women are dissatisfied with their current body weight.(S9)_ _.At the

5、 college level, a study found that 85 percent of both male and female first-year students desired to change their body weight.(S10)_ _ _. Thinness is currently an attribute that females desire highly. Males generally desire muscularity. The vast majority of individuals who want to change their body

6、weight do it for the sake of appearance; most want to lose excess body fat while a smaller percentage of individuals actually want to gain weight. （看真题听力原文），考题里出的10个空，前7个空以单词听写填空为主，后3个是填句子，那么对于这两年所填的复合式听写题它所出的词汇考查是两个音节以上的甚至更多音节的词汇，在四级复合式听写部分它主要考查词是按词类分考名词、动词、形容词，少部分的考连词和副词。六级的复合式听写题的词汇中虽然也以实词居多，但并不排

7、除介词、副词。所以在做六级复合式听写题中一定要注意词类的考查。在答整个句子时，浏览复合式听写部分的整个文章，通过第1句话捕捉全文大意，在快速浏览过程中同学可以根据语义、语法来判断所填词的词类、词义，且考虑前后搭配的问题，对于所填词的词类主要是从实词到虚词（名词、动词、形容词到副词、介词、连词，在这三类词中还是以连词为主要的），复合式听写部分它的长句子的听写是难点，所有的句子听写至少是两个句子，这两个句子中要么是主从关系，要么是并列关系，要并列关系肯定会有并列连词，（肯定用and，否定用or）及其它表示转折或并列关系的连词，可以有意识地加以注意。 其次是表示从属关系的复合句，这就涉及到了从句的类

8、型，这就涉及从句的三大类型。 那么从分析句子结构来说，主要注意三大从句：状语从句、定语从句和名词性从句，名词性从句具体划分为主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句，但这三大从句所用的连接词都一样，都分连接代词和副词，都是那么几个“wh”这样的词。在听的过程中应对这样的词加以注意，知道什么地方是从句，什么地方是主句。看2001年6月份的真题第1句话human body is，通过句子主谓宾成分的不同，我们知道基本上主语是我们所要讨论的对象是我们人身体要怎么怎么样。整篇文章使用的词汇就跟人体有关，在听direction时紧紧抓住第1句话，然后迅速浏览底下内容，在浏览时还应在每个空格前的那个词用红

9、笔划出来，这叫设兴奋点。因为在听长段文章时经常会出现某个单词听不清楚，对英文答题来说我们主要应该听清楚的是空处的词，若空处的词是一个实词（名词，动词，形容词），在读时一般给予强调，根据语音语调模式读的也比较缓，比较重，比较容易听清，而且音节也比较多。但一些连词、副词、介词比较麻烦，这些词由于他们虚词的本性常被弱读或连读，失去爆破等现象，就被夹在两个单词中间不容易听出来。第一遍没听清楚，第二遍再听时对于红线处的词给予更多注意，过渡到空处的词时由于注意力稍有缓和那就非常容易去领略理解后边那个词会是什么，而且根据已掌握的语法知识和上下文语义也容易判断出的需填的词来。这种设兴奋点的方式对于同学提高答题

10、效率非常有帮助。自己在平常训练时在考前可有意识地锻炼锻炼，在考试时用起来才会比较方便。在预览时要抓大意，设兴奋点但一定要保证在这个direction念完时你一定要停下来，因为你的任务是听整篇文章，能预览多少就多少。在第1遍放录音时一定要赶紧拿笔听写答案，在听答案时第1遍一定要用铅笔写，对于一些单词特别是对多音节词可以自己编一套自己熟悉的语音信息符号，以便迅速识别，写下来。如My Father，可用MFTH来代替：“kilogram公斤”或用kg代替，那么“大约1公斤”，about I kilogram可以转化成约等于1公斤这种编写方式，编译成密码，或者是把类似one, two, three写成

11、阿拉伯数字，但这些都应用铅笔去做。对于单词用编写的4个字母来代替，这是要记住的原则，因为在英语中有很好单词是同一词，经过词尾的变化变成不同的单词，就有不同的含义，这样在你把它补充完整时就容易把它写成另外一个词，应以你自己能够识别的密码为准。对于长句子，一句话不可能完全记下来，不但要把实词记下来还应把连词记下来，通过实词和连词就掌握了句子的大概框架，而且对于长句子还可把它用符号去代替，如question这个词可用？去代替，第1遍听不清楚，可以在第2遍补充完整，因为第2遍在空处会有停顿，赶紧利用这时间利用上下文结合所听到的语音信息补上。一定要充分调动可能调动的主观因素，本着看、猜、听、记几举并用。

12、看就是从听第1遍录音时紧紧盯住文字跟着磁带走，“猜”就是根据第1遍浏览过的内容和上下文的语境及语法知识去猜测所需填的单词和要完成的句子，集中精力精听，速记。还应本着求快不求稳的原则，这样可以记下部分再根据语法知识把句子补充完整。但如果就猜一个词的话，肯定会影响对其他信息的了解，因为在放录音之前已事先浏览过，这就给你的猜测提供了可靠的信息，而且在浏览过程中你已注意到你所需填的词的主要成分，主谓宾定状补，也就决定了这个词的词类，再结合文章表达的主题思想，就大概能够猜到这是个什么意义的词。前边说在听第1遍时应手，眼，脑并用，边听边看，随着录音走，第2，3遍也是一样，一定要把整个内容听全，听准确后再去

13、思考。否则没有任何根据地瞎猜就容易出差错，你所作的猜测一定是在建立在已经知道了一定的语音信息，而且在听了三遍之后，通过内容的不断反复强化，再加第1遍的预览，应该是4遍之后，落实到句子时，对句子的主要部分已有所掌握，对于答最后三句话进行概括整体就非常有帮助。 例：2 A third island appeared gradually during a period of volcanic activity that lasted over four years. Later, the 1866 eruptions, which brought to Santorin those volcanol

14、ogists who first began archeological work there, enlarged the new island through two new crater vents.Q: What enlarged the third island? A. The eruptions of 1866 B. A four-year period of volcanic activity C. The activities of the men who came to study volcanoes D. Archeological work, which created t

15、wo new crater vents例：3 Just before his tenth birthday John received a horse from his father; this was the first of a series of expensive gifts intended to create the impression of a loving parent.Q: Why did John receive the horse? A. Because he was ten B. Because his father loved him C. Because his

16、father wanted to seem lovingD. Because his father wouldnt be able to give him expensive gifts in the future例：4 But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and ,K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids(类胡萝卜素), compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, hea

17、rt disease, etc.Q: What is a possible negative effect of olestra according to some critics?A) It may impair the digestive system. B) It may affect the overall fat intake.C) It may increase the risk of cancer. D) It many spoil the consumers' appetite例：5 One in three school-leavers enters higher e

18、ducation, five times the number when the last review took place thirty years age.Q: What was the percentage of high school graduates admitted to universities in Britain thirty years ago?A) 20% or so. B) Above 30%. C) About 15%. D) Below 10%4. 逻辑推理题  本题型可能是最难的试题，因为要求读者在准确理解字面意义的基础上，能理解文章的言外之意。考生

19、要根据文章中所给信息进行分析，综合，然后做出合乎逻辑的推断。这类题直接按原文原句命题的不太多，一般都会稍为变化一下角度或措辞，问某句，某段，甚至整篇文章的含意，言外之意是什么。问题中常有infer, imply, suggest, conclude和assume等动词。如果是问整篇文章，应放在最后做。如果就某一段，某一句提问，应找到原句读几遍，把答案逐个试一下，最合逻辑的就是正确答案。要注意根据文章中的关键词，短语，结构等进行推断，防止不依据文章内容的主观臆断，这是许多考生存在的一个通病。例： The author implies that signs left by _ are easier

20、 to follow.此外，有些题目并没有出现infer 之类明确要求推断的词汇，但实际上也必须根据文章进行推理或判断才能找到答案。5 作者态度判断题 北京导航名师李勇全祝你考试高分positive 赞成的 negative 反对的 objective客观的 subjective主观的optimistic乐观的 pessimistic悲观的 humorous幽默的 ironic讽刺的 critical/criticize批评 indifferent漠不关心的ANSWER: 例1-例5DACCD模拟练习要求：50分钟55分钟作完，四篇文章20个题正确14个以上。注意找好关键词，找到原句。Part

21、 II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:American women experience a great variety of lifestyles. A "typical" American woman may be single. She may also be divorced or married. She may be a homemaker, a doctor, or a factory work

22、er. It is very difficult to generalize about American women. However, one thing that many American women have in common is their attitude about themselves and their role in American life.Historically, American women have always been very independent. The first colonists to come to New England were o

23、f ten young couples who had left behind their extended family (i.e., their parents, sisters, cousins, etc.). The women were alone in a new, undeveloped country with their husbands. This had two important effects. First of all, this as yet uncivilized environment demanded that every person share in d

24、eveloping it and in survival. Women worked along side their husbands and children to establish themselves in this new land. Second, because they were in a new land without the established influence of older members of society, women felt free to step into nontraditional roles.This role of women was

25、reinforced in later years as Americans moved west, again leaving family behind and encountering a hostile environment. Even later, in the East, as now immigrants arrived, the women often found jobs more easily than men. Women became the supporters of the family.Within the established lifestyle of in

26、dustrialized twentieth century America, the strong role of women was not as dramatic as in the early days of the country. Some women were active outside the home; others were not. However, when American men went to war in the 1940s, women stepped into the men's jobs as factory and business worke

27、rs. After the war, some women stayed in these positions, and others left their jobs with a new sense of their own capabilities.21. A typical American woman isA) single or married B) divorcedC) sure about herself and her role D) all of the above22. Which of the following statements best describes the

28、 organization of the second paragraph?A) Two contrasting views of a problem are presented.B) An evaluation is explained and then reasons are given.C) A problem is examined and possible answers are given.D) Historical view is explained in comparison with the present.23. During the industrialized twen

29、tieth century, the role of womenA) was strengthened B) was as important as early C) was decline D) was more reinforced than early days24. Women took part in men's jobs during the time ofA) the Second World War B) the West movementC) the early immigration D) the industrialized twentieth century25

30、. What is the main idea of this passage?A) Different life styles led by the American women.B) American women were free to step into nontraditional roles.C) American women worked hard to establish their roles in American history.D) American women were independent because they did not have to follow t

31、he regulations at all.Passage TwoQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:There is no question that the poor are sicker. Unfortunately, there are no nationwide mortality statistics by income. One of the best studies has been a recent comparison of poverty and non-poverty areas in Chicag

32、o. (This does not permit really fine analysis, because of the limitations of area comparisons.) Crude mortality in poverty areas are only three percent higher than in non-poverty areas; but the people in poverty areas are younger, and if it had been possible to compute age-specific rates, the differ

33、ences would be much greater. Differentials in infant mortality were very large-75 per cent higher in poverty than in non-poverty areas. In both cases, the differences between white and non-white were even more substantial than between poverty and non-poverty areas.The clearest and best evidence of p

34、oorer health among the poor is to be found in studies of days of disability per person per year, where differences of the order of two-to-one are found. Those in families with income of under $ 2,000 a year have 29 restricted activity days a year, while those with family income over $ 4,000 a year h

35、ave less than half that, 13 restricted activity days a day.But while the poor are sicker, the differences in the utilization of health care are not as marked as one might expect. The same study which reported twice as many disability days for those under $ 2,000 a year as for those over $ 4,000 a ye

36、ar showed lesser differences with respect to the use of doctors. Fifty-nine per cent of the poorer group have consulted a doctor in the previous year, 13 per cent a specialist, compared with 73 per cent and 28 per cent of the better-off income groups. These differences in health care utilization by

37、poor and non-poor, which were once extreme, are now declining. Indeed, in some settings they are now reserved. In 1982-31, families with an income of more than $ 5,000 spent 11 times as much on medical care as families with incomes under $1,200. In 1962, families with incomes of more than $ 7,000 sp

38、ent only 27 per cent more on medical care than families with incomes under $ 2,000.26. Compared with that in non-poverty areas, crude mortality of young people in poverty areas is . A) slightly lower B) more or less the sameC) slightly higher D) much higher27. The most striking contrast in mortality

39、 can be found between . A) different areas B) different racesC) different families D) different income groups28. "Restricted activity days" are clays when A) sick people have to stay in hospital for further treatment B) one takes a long holiday away from work C) sick people have to keep fr

40、om their normal activities D) one is restricted in his freedom of action29. The difference that is diminishing between the poor and the non-poor is that in A) the utilization of health care B) the opportunities of employment C) their living condition D) their state of health30. From the passage (as

41、the beginning paragraphs of a long article), it is very likely that the writer will go on to discussA) how to eliminate poverty in the U.S.A.B) how to gather nationwide mortality statistics by incomeC) how to help those poor people who are sickD) how to train more qualified doctors for the rich peop

42、le.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.More surprising, perhaps, than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving. As Skolnick notes, Americans are a marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry an

43、d we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a decline in the early 1970s, the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing. Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this pro-marriage context: some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains, by far, the preferred

44、 way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family? Twenty five years ago, the typical American family consisted of a husband, a wife, and two or three children. Now, there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have

45、 any children. And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are from the wifes previous marriage, or the husbands or both. Sometimes these children Spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses. (配偶)Thus

46、, one can find every type of family arrangement. There are marriages without children; marriages with children from only the present marriages; marriages with “full-time” children from the present marriage and “part-time” children from former marriages. There are stepfathers, stepmothers, half-broth

47、ers, and half-sisters. It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents! These are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family. But even so, even in the midst of all this, there remains one constants: most Americans spend most of their adult lives married.3

48、1. By calling Americans marrying people the author means that_.A. Americans are more traditional than Europeans.B. American expect more out of marriage than EuropeansC. There are more married couples in U. S. A. THAN IN Europe.D. More of Americans, as compared with Europeans, prefer marriage and the

49、y accept it at a younger age.32. Divorced Americans_.A. will most likely remarry B. prefer the way they liveC. have lost faith in marriage D. are the vast majority of people in the society.33. Which of the following can be presented as the picture of todays American families?A. A typical American fa

50、mily consists of only a husband and a wife.B. Many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable.C. Americans prefer to have more kids than before.D. There are no nuclear families any more.34. “ Part-time” children _A. spend some of their time with their half brothers and some of thei

51、r time with their half sisters.B. Spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriage.C. Are shared between the two former spousesD. Cannot stay with “full-time” children.35. Even though great changes have taken place in the structure of American families,_.A. the functions of marriag

52、e remain unchanged.B. The vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriage.C. Most Americans prefer a second marriage.D. All of the above.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and

53、the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and late starters are often long listeners. Most children will "obey" spoken

54、 instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.Any attempts to trace the dev

55、elopment from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But sin

56、ce these cannot be said to show the baby's intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire (能发出的全部声音). This self imitation leads on to deliberate(有意识的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that their imitations can be considered as speech.36. By ". . . challenges