2912高中英语经典易错题与试题整合---代词和数词总复习

1、高中英语总复习经典易错题与代词和数词试题整合1. 物主代词和反身代词的用法 2. 不定代词的用法3. 代词that、it、one的用法 4. 数词和主谓一致历年来高考对代词的考查都是重点。试题主要反映在单项选择、完形填空以及短文改错等三个方面。尤其是it在动词之后、介词之后的虚拟用法反身代词在短文改错中的运用。经典易错题如下:命题方式1 物主代词和反身代词的用法1.(典型例题 ) You will find as you read this book that you just cant keep some of these stones to . You will want to share

2、 them with a friend. A. itself B. yourself C. himself D. themselves 考题错解 A解题分析 四个选项给出的都是反身代词。从题干分析来看，是以第二人称来讲述的，那么当是第二人称的反身代词yourself了。正确答案 B2.(典型例题 ) Some of the stamps belong to me, while the rest are .A. him and her B. his and hers C. his and her D. him and hers 考题错解 A 解题分析 本题是考查形容词性、名词性物主代词和代词宾格

3、、所有格的用法区别。按照题意，剩下的是某人的邮票，要用物主代词，当物主代词后没有名词时，用名词性物主代词。 正确答案 B3.( 典型例题) There at the door stood a girl about the same height _ _. A. as me B. as mine C. with mine D. with me 考题错解 A解题分析 分清宾格和所有格是关键。从语境来看，本题是考查物主代词的用法。thesame常和as连用，表示“与相同”，这里所比较的是某人的身高，所以用名词性物主代词mine. 正确答案 B4.(典型例题 )Susan, go and join y

4、our sister cleaning the yard. Why ? John is sitting there doing nothing. A. him B. he C. I D. me 考题错解 C 解题分析 尽管是指“我”，但在口语中，单独说“我”时，一般用me。正确答案 D5.( 经典题) Tom felt that he knew everybodys business than they knew it _ _. A. themselves B. oneself C. itself D. himself Iss nice if a 考题错解 D 解题分析 对反身代词的理解错误。

5、如果把注意力放在everyb。dy上，就会误选D.实际上在使用反身代词时，要注意主语。如果主语是I就用mysef；you用yourself或yourselves；he用心mself；she用helself；让用itself；we用ourselves;thery用theraselves。这里当是强调主语they，所以用相应的themselves. 正确答案 A知识梳理：1.英汉差异。英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不翻译。例如: Jack took off his coat and went go bed (his 不能省略) 2.“of+名词性物主代词”用作定语。例如: Some

6、 friends of mine will attend my birthday party. That car of hers is a1ways breaing down. 3.“形容词性物主代词+own+名词”表示强调，在own前还可加very表示进一步的强调。 例如: Its nice if a man can have his own car. I want to have my very own car.4.“a(an，Some，any) +名词+ of ones own”表示“某人自己的”的意思。名词前可以用this,that,these,four,those,several,a

7、nother,no,whieh等修饰，但不能用定冠词the。例如:5.反身代词的习惯用语。by oneslf =alone 独自地，亲自 to oneself 暗自 for oneself 为自己 in oneself 本质上of onesflf 自动地，自发地 be oneself 玩得愉快 dress oneslf in 穿着help oneslf to 随便吃，自行取用 come to oneself 苏醒make oneself at home 不要客气 devote omeself to 专心于；献身于find omeself in/at发觉自己来到 teach oneself 自学

8、 dress oneself 自己穿lose oneself 迷路 excuse oneself 自我辩解思维训练：1 Is your camera like Bills and Anns?No, but its almost the same as . A. her B. yours C. them D. their答案: D 解析:their=their cameras，用作名词性物主代词。2 Jack is one of those men who I am sure always do best even in the most difficult situations. A. his

9、 B. your C. their D. ones答案: C解析:和前文的those保持一致。3 The idea for the new machine came to Mr. Baker to his invention recently.A. while devoting B. while devoted C. while he was devoted D. while devoting himseff答案: C解析:devote oneself to sth.和be devoted to sth.都可以表达，但本题的逻辑主语是the idea，所以选项D是错误的。命题方式2 不定代词的

10、用法 1.(典型例题) First it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from .A. everyone else B. the other C. someone else D. the rest考题错解 C或D 解题分析 本题看似是和别人不同，会误选C。或足比其余的人，误选D.从句意分析，应该是“和任何一个其他的人不同”，因此填everyoneelse。正确答案A2.(典型例题 ) She doesnt know any

11、one here. 5he has got to talk to. A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. no one考题错解 A 解题分析 本题出现错误的情况是对题意的不理解。根据前文的意思，没有一个认识的人，是完全否定，你们，后一句也应该是完全否定。 正确答案 D3.(典型例题) I got the story from Tom and people who had worked with him. A. every other B. many others C. some other D. other than考题错解 D或A 解题分析 选项D虽带有ot

12、her，但other than是“而非，不同的意思，离题意相去甚远；A项every other修饰单数可数名词；B项other(以及other，the others)是代词，不能作定语来修饰名词。C项some other是“其他一些”的意思，符合题意。 正确答案 C4.(典型例题 ) It is easy to do the repair _ _ you need is a hammer and some mails. A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything 考题错解 D 解题分析 选项D的干扰性最强，意思是“每一样东西”，但根据表语可以排除。句子的

13、谓语是is，可以排除C项。全句意为“修这个东西很容易，你所有所需要的就是一把锤子和一些钉子”，那么，“所有所需要的”而不是“所需的一些东西”了，排除A项。 正确答案 B5.(典型例题) We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for . A. none B. either C. any D. each考题错解 A或D 解题分析 一般考生认为none是完全否定，这里是三者，符合这个用法。根据题意，“似乎我们对任何一个都没有利用”，强调“任何”，所以选C。 正确答案 C6.(典型例题)One weeks time

14、 has been wastea. I cant believe we did all that work for _ . A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything 考题错解 A或D 解题分析 前者说:一周的时间已被浪费掉了。后者说:我无法相信我们所做的一切毫无结果什么都没换来。句中的for有“替挟、兑挟”之意。一周内干了许多工作，却劳而无功，所以才白白浪费了一周时间，没有换来任何成果。 正确答案 B知识梳理： 易混不定代词的用法区别:1.some和any：二者都可用作名词(作主语或宾语)，也可用作形容词(作定语)来修饰可数名词或不可数

15、名词。(1)some一般用于肯定句中。当some用于单数可数名词前时，表示”某一(个)”，与数字连用则表示“大概，大约”的意思，用于疑问句时，表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答，或表示请求，建议。例如:Ive read the story in some book. (某一本)Some girl. is waiting for you at the school gate.(某个)The country has exported some two million bikes this year. ( 大约 )May I have some water? (表示请求)Would you like so

16、me apples? (邀请)(2)any多用于疑问句，否定句和条件句中。在肯定句中，any表示“任何的”，修饰单数可数名词。也可用作状语，表示程度。 2. both两者都，all三者或三者以上，全体；在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。(1)all除了指人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；还可指物，表示“所有，一切”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，也可用来修饰不可数名词。例如:All but one are present.(作主语，指人，谓语动词用复数)All is over with him.(作主语，指物，谓语动词用单数)I have forgotten all about it(作宾语)All

17、 hope has gone.(修饰不可数名词)They all agree to stay here.(作同位语)3.much和many两个词都有“许多”的意思，much表示或修饰不可数名词，many表示或修饰可数名词。在口语中，much或many多用于疑问句或否定句，在肯定句中常用a lot of，lots Of，plenty of，a large quantity of，quantities of代替。much还可以用a great deal of代替，many可以用a(1arge)number of代替。(1)much可用作副词，作状语，表程度。be not much意为“不怎么样”，

18、much还可与too连用，构成“too much+不可数名词”短语，意为“太多的”或“much too+形容词或副词”短语，意为“太“非常”，是副词词组，修饰形、副词，但不修饰动词。例如:The city is much larger than that one.Ive visited the country and it is not much.There is too much noise in the classroomIm much too busy to see visitors.(2)many a + 可数名词单数，表示“许多”。在名词前如果有冠词或指示代词等词时，要用many o

19、f或much of结构，例如:Many a student has gone to the cinema. Many of the/my books are English.4. every和each(1)each强调个体，在句子中充当定语，主语，宾语和同位语，指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的每一个。例如:Each room can seat at least fifty people.Each of the students will get a new book.Each student will get a new bookThe students each will get a new

20、book.There are trees and flowers on each side of the street. ( 街道只有两边，不能用every)(2)every强调整体，在句中只能作定语，指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的每一个。还可以表示“每隔”构成“every+数词+复数名词”，“every + few + 复数名词”，“every + other + 单数名词”，“every +序数词 + 单数名词”，例如:Every one has strong and weak points.Every student has told a story.every three weeks

21、每隔三个星期，每隔两个星期every other week = every second week 每隔一星期every few weeks(不能说evesry a few weeks)每隔几个星期5. either 和neithereither指“两个人或物中的任何一个”，表示肯定意义，neither指“两个人或物一个也不”，表示否定意义。这两个词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。either可放在否定句的句尾，表示”也”。例如:I dont know either.我也不知道。either可用作连词，“或者，要么”的意思，一般与。or连用，构成“either. or”短语，意为“不是就是”，“或

22、者或者”。当这一短语连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上要同最近的主语保持一致，如: Either he or I am to blame.Is either he or you going to the cinema?Are either you or he going to the cinema?either修饰名词时，前面不用物主代词，指示代词或定冠词，可以说:“either pen”，但不能说“the either pen或either my pen”either用作代词时，可以单独使用，也可和of连用，of后接复数名词，名词前要用一个物主代词，指示代词或定冠词，如:He

23、doesnt like either of the two places.当either of作主语时，动词一般用单数形式，但在否定句和疑问句中，动词也常用复数，特别在口语中，如:6. no和 noneEither of them is good enough. I dont think either of them are at home.(1)no表示“不”“无”只能作定语，修饰不可数名词或可数名词单复数，相当于not any或not a。There is no water in the bottle.(2)none表示“没有人，任何人也不”用作名词，相当于no one或not any，常

24、同of连用，构成“Noneof.”结构，none作可数名词用时，指三者或三者以上，作主语时谓语动词用单数或复数均可，none作不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，none在句中作主语或宾语，不作定语，不与名词连用，例如:None of books are (is) interesting. 注意:none but+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数，例如:None but wolves walk like that.除非狼才会那么走。none和noone的区别:none回答以howmanymuch引导的特殊疑问句或“any of + 限定词 + 名词”或表一定范围的一般疑问句，no one回答以wh

25、o引导的特殊疑问句及含有anybody或无限定范围的一般问句，简言之， none表示数量，no one表示没有人，例如: How many students are there in the classroom now?None.How any of you ever been to the Great Wall?None.Who can answer the question?No one.7. other,another,others,any other,the other的用法。 (1)other表示泛指，意为“另外的，其他的”。常与复数名词或不可数名词连用。如果其前有 the，this

26、，some，any，each，every，no以及形容词性物主代词时，其后就可接单数名词。例如:I have no other place to go.(2)another常用于指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个”，泛指单数。可以单独使用，也可以接名词。如果其后接复数名词，则表示“又，再，还”。例如:This cap is too small for me. Show me another (one).We need another three assistants in our company.(3)others是other的复数形式，表示泛指，意为“别的人或物”，但不指全部。特指时在其前加定冠

27、词；前面可加任何限定词以及数量词。例如: He has more concern for others than for himself.(4)any other表示一个之外的其他任何一个，百不是两个之中的另一个。例如: China is larger than any other country in Asia.(5)the other，表示两者中的另外一个。可以单独使用，以可接单数名词。例如:No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give away to the other.思维训练1 Do you

28、 want fish or chicken?_. I dont really mind. A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 答案: C解析:根据句意“不介意”，那么无论什么都可以了。2 If you want to change for a double room youll have to pay _ 30 dollars. A. another B. other C. more D. each 答案: A解析:another接数词表示“再一”，more的位置在数词前。3 One of the side of the board should be p

29、ainted yellow, and_ .A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white 答案: C解析:木板只有两面，另一面是特指。4 Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers. Now she would like to read _ stories by writers from countries. A. some; any B. other; some C. some; other D. other; other答案:

30、 C解析:意思是想阅读“一些”“其他国家的”作家的小说。5 Are the new rules working?Yes. books are stolen. A. Few B. More C. Some D. None答案: A解析:根据语境，“几乎没有”。命题方式3 代词出at、it、one的用法1.(典型例题) Im moving to the country because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those考题错解 B解题分析 在比较状语从句中，指代前文的可数

31、名词单数形式用that或the one，复数形式用 those,而不可数名词则用that.这里比较的是air，所以用that.正确答案 C2.(典型例题)Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, I will always treasureA.that B.one C.it D.what 考题错解 D或A 解题分析 误选D的原因是学生容易把what当作定语从句的引导词。而出at不能引导非限制性定语从句；it在句法上讲不通，因此，可以看出one指代an unforgenable moment，同时其后的

32、关系代词出at省略了。 正确答案 B3.(典型例题) I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one考题错解 B或D 解题分析 本题中like是及物动词，需要宾语。此处it指模糊的情形或环境，没有具体的指代，是虚词。其余的选项都是错误的。再如典型例题套中的一题:I like _ here?Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice! A. this B. these C.

33、it D. that 正确答案 C4.( 经典题) Few pleasures can equal of a cool drink on a hot day. A. some B. any C. that D. those考题错解 D 解题分析 如果把它动作是few Pleasures，就会误选 D项了。根据句意“很少有在热天喝杯冷饮那种快乐”，很明显，这是替代特定的被限定的事物，即:the pleasure of a cool drink，只有that才能表达特定意义。 正确答案 C5.(典型例题)Cars do cause as some health problems _ in fact

34、 for more serious than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those 考题错解 D 解题分析 这里ones用来替代前文的problems，由于有修饰语serious，故不能和those. 正确答案 B知识梳理：1.代词it,they与替代词one,ones,the one,the ones,that,those 的用法区别:(1)it指代前面提到过的事物，they是它的复数形式。(2)one替代单数名词，表示不特定的名词，也就是指泛指，ones是它的复数形式。(3)the one替代前面的单数名词，表示特指，往往其后带动定

35、语，the ones是它的复数形式。(4)that既可替代单数可数名词,也可以替代不可数名词,若替代单数名词时,相当于the one.(5)those 替代复数名词,相当于the ones.例如 :Your story is interesting, but I dont I ike it. (句 1)This story is an interesting one. ( 句 2 )I havent a computer. I want to buy one next year. (句 2)The dictionary on the desk is much better than

36、that (the one) on the shelf. (句 3)The population in China is much larger than that in America. (句 4)The conditions are like those in the real spaceship. (句 5)The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Huanggang in winter. (句 4)Students in our class are more hard working than those in Mr. smi

37、ths class. (句 5)There is only one computer of the type in the shop, so I want to buy it for my daughter. (句 1)2.代词it的主要用法 (1) 用作人称代词，指代前文提到过的事物。例如: This is not my book. It is Marys.(2) 用来代替指示代词出，this或that。例如: Whats this? Its a dictionary.Whose jacket is that? It is hers.(3) 在性别不清楚时用来指人。例如: Whos knoc

38、king at the door? Its me.(4):指时间；距离、天气、环境等。例如:Whats the time now? Its ten past twenty. Its getting warmer and wanner. Its about ten miles ride from my home to the town.(5)指代整个句子的内容；例如:Our team won the football match .Have you heard about it?(6)用于某些习惯用语中作宾语，对这些习惯用语只能从整体上来理解；例如: I hate it when people

39、speak with their mouths full. Well foot it. As it is, we can hardly get to the station by 7oclock.思维训练1 oung people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in .A. the other B. some other C. others D. those others答案: C解析:在其他方面。2 I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortu nately _cou

40、ldnt spare me even one minute.A. they B. one C. who D. it答案: A解析:泛指所有的朋友(都抽不出时间)。3 When shall we meet again?Make it _ day you like. Its all the same to me.A. one B. any C. another D. some答案: B解析:从Its all the same to me.看出，随便哪天都可以。4 Why dont we take a little break? Didnt we just have ?A. it B. that C

41、. one D. this答案: C 解析:替代“休息一次”，是泛指。命题方式4 数词和主谓一致1.(典型例题) He did it _ it took me.A. one - third a time B. one - third time C. the one - third time D. one - third the time 考题错解 A或C解题分析 分数和百分数后面不能直接跟名词或代词，而应该是“分数或百分数+of+冠词或限定词+名词或代词”，其谓语动词与of后面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。本题time后接定语从句，前面要加定冠词the.表示“三分之一的时间”为onethi

42、rd thetime. 正确答案 D2.( 经典题 ) As a result of destroying the forests, a large of the desert covered the land. A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have 考题错解 C 解题分析 a large number of后面要接复数名词，所以选项C是错误的。A large quantity表示单数，谓语动词用has. 正确答案 B3.(经典题)_ people in the world are sending i

43、nformation by E -mail every day. A. Several million B. Many millions C. Several millions D. Many million 考题错解 C 解题分析 在million，thousand，hundred前如果有具体数字或有several等词修饰时，要用单数形式。 正确答案 A4.(典型例题 )With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year.A. is washing away B. is being washed

44、 away C. are washing away D. are being washed away 考题错解 A 解题分析 本题考查语态和主谓一致。此句主语是一复数形式hugequantities，所以谓语应用相应的复数形式。 正确答案 D知识梳理：1.数词使用的注意事项(1)hundred,thousand,million,billion,score,dozen前有数词，后接of连接名词时，表示不具体的量，加复数。例如: five hundred people two score applestens of thousands of millions of(2)表示“几十”的数词的复数形式

45、前用形容词性物主代词形式时，表示 “(某人)在几十岁”；用定冠词the修饰则表示年代。例如: in his early thirties 在他二十几岁时in the 1990s (1990s)二十世纪九十年代(3)序数词在句中作定语时，一般在序数词前加定冠词the；有时加不定冠词a(n)，表示“又一”，“再一”的意思，相当于another。例如: Monday is the second dqy of a week .Would you like a second cup of tea?(4)固定短语one at a time 一次一个地 one by one 一个一个地by the

46、 dozen以打计 by the hundred以百计in tens十个十个地 one in (out of)ten 十个中的一个World War Two the Second World War第二次世界大战2.主谓语一致基本用法所遵循的三个原则(1)语法一致:主语一致为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式，主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数。例如 He is a boy. They are boys.(2)意义一致:主语形式上是单数，但表达复数意义，那么谓语动词要用复数形式，或主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义，则谓语动词也采用单数形式。例如: My family were watching TV

47、 at 8 oclock.My family has moved three times.(3)就近原则:谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。例如:There is a book, two pens and three pencil-boxes on the desk.There are two pens, a book and three pencil boxes on the desk.思维训练1 The writer of the novel is a professor in his . A. thirty B. thirtieth C. thirtys D. thirties答案

48、: D解析:表示“在某人的几十岁的时候”用整十数的 复数形式。2 Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ fired of having one examination after another.A. is B. are C. am D. be答案: B解析:当not only.but also连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词同最近的主语保持一致。3 When and where to build the new factory yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. h

49、ave not decided答案: A解析:When and where to build the new factory所指的是一件事，因此动词用单数形式。拓展试题：考查方式1 历年来高考对代词的考查都是重点。试题主要反映在单项选择、完形填空以及短文改错等三个方面。尤其是it在动动词之后、介词之后的虚拟用法1.I will chance _ whether it is possible or not. A. it B. that C. this D. one解题思路 英语中it常置于些动词或介词之后，在句右充当形式主语，但没有具体意义，构成习惯用法。这样的动词常见的有:make it规定时

50、间；办成、做到。例如:You cant make it to the other shore in such a bad weather.forget it 没关系、算了吧。例如:How much do I owe you?Forget it! Dont bother to pay me backfoot it 步行去。例如We had to foot it in the rain.watch it 当心。例如:Its raining hard, watch your steps, or youll fall over.Thank you. Ill watch it.go it赶快干。例如:Go it, otherwise, we cant finish it before dark.本题chance it 是“碰碰运气”的意思。解答 A考查方式2 反身代词在短文改错中的运用Dear Tom, Im glad to hear that you are coming soon. I had just read an ad for house sale, which you might be interesting in. Im writing yourself abou