语法_过去分词作状语

1、Grammar过去分词作定语和状语过去分词作定语和状语1.The stolen bike belongs to Jack.2.The glass is broken.3.Mary heard her name called by a stranger.4.Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days._1.作作定语定语2.作表语作表语3.作宾补作宾补4.作状语作状语过去分词过去分词1. 过去分词作定语时，单个分词一般放在名词之前，分词短语放在名词之后。 1. We are doing our written

2、exercises .2. The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai.过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语时, 它的作用相当于一个定语从句。This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.=that has ever been written 如果由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one等不定代词或指示代词those等修饰时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。 例如： Is there anyone invited? There

3、 is nothing changed here since I left this town. 注意: 2. 表示情感的动词的过去分词 形容词化表,示情感的动词，常见的有：disappointed, moved, interested, touched. surprised, shocked, puzzled, frightened等。 a frightened driver 吓坏了的司机 a disappointed girl 感到失望的女孩 3. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动语态的意义。 如： newly-arrived goods 新到的 fallen le

4、aves 落叶 1. Whats the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 简析简析: : 该题应选该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动定语表达被动, ,等于定语从句等于定语从句 which is spoken。B2. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 简析:

5、该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句who were invited。ADD Grammar 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语The Past Participle as the AdverbialThe Past Participle as the Adverbial1.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语应该和句子的主语保持一致。通常过去分词在句中可以作时间状语、原因状语、方式状语、伴随状语和让步状语等，而且可以与对应的状语从句进行句型转换。 过去分词作状语 1.When our future school is seen from the space, our future sc

6、hool looks like a plate. Seen from the space, our future school looks like a plate.our future schoolCombine the two sentencesWhen it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.Seen from the hill，the park可在过去分词前加上连词可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等来强调时间概念等来强调时间概念。Dont speak until you are spoke

7、n to.Dont speak until spoken to.1. 时间状语（时间状语（time）2. Because She is surprised at the schoolbag, she turns her head back to find out what happens.Surprised at the schoolbag ,she turns her head back to find out what happens. Our future schoolbag2. 原因状语（原因状语（cause）Because the boy was greatly touched by

8、 his teachers words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.Greatly touched by the teachers wordsBecause he was surprised at what happened, Tom didnt know what to do.Surprised at what happened3.If I am given a time machine , I will pay a visit to the future.Given a time machine, I will pay a

9、visit to the future. a time machine3. 条件状语（条件状语（condition）If we were given more time, we could do it much better.Given more timeIf it is heated to a high temperature, water will change into vapor.Heated to a high temperature4. 让步状语（让步状语（concession）Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmer

10、s were still working in the fields.Though warned of the stormEven if Im invited, I wont take part in the party.Even if invited 5. 方式、伴随状语方式、伴随状语 Accompanying action/mannerThe teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students.The teacher entered the classroom ,followed by a gr

11、oup of students.The teacher stood there and was surrounded by the students.The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students.2.过去分词作状语表示过去分词作状语表示_/或或_的动作的动作,相当相当一个状语从句。一个状语从句。3.过去分词作状语时其过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语逻辑主语与与主句的主语主句的主语要保要保持持一致一致。过去分词作状语过去分词作状语 被动被动完成完成summary1.过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、

12、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。_from the hill, thecitylookslikeabiggarden. 如果句子的主语和分词是主动关系如果句子的主语和分词是主动关系, , 用用_，句子的主语和分词是被动关系，句子的主语和分词是被动关系，用用_。现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词重难点辨析（一）：主语一致重难点辨析（一）：主语一致_ from the hill, you will find thecitylookslikeabiggarden. SeenSeeing1. 从上面看从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。 _ from t

13、he top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen2. 从太空看从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。 _ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. Seen Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. Surprised at what had happened, Tom didnt know what to do. 1，有些过去分

14、词因来源于系表结构，作状语，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。时不表被动而表主语的状态。lost (迷路迷路); seated (坐坐); hidden (躲躲); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于沉溺于); born (出身于出身于); dressed in (穿着穿着); 2，由某些动词后面加，由某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词也具转化来的形容词也具有此用法。有此用法。如：如：frightened, satisfied, tired, disappointed等。等。重难点辨析（二）：不表被动的特殊情况重难点辨析（二）：不表被动的特殊情况 分分词

15、词作作状语状语答答题记忆题记忆口口诀诀分词作状语，主语是问题。分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动主动-ing,-ing,被动用被动用-ed-ed。Having been done Having been done 表先后，表先后，千万要牢记。千万要牢记。使用过去分词作状语时容易错的两种情况使用过去分词作状语时容易错的两种情况1. 忽视了分词作状语时其逻辑主语必须是句中主语忽视了分词作状语时其逻辑主语必须是句中主语(或主动或或主动或被动被动)。如: If heated, _. people can

16、turn water into gas B. one can change ice into waterC. ice turns into water D. people get water from ice 有些含有分词的固定插入语有些含有分词的固定插入语, 其逻辑主语其逻辑主语不要求与主语一致。如不要求与主语一致。如: judging from(从.来判断); generally(frankly/exactly/./ )speaking 一般地(坦率地/确切地)说; considering(考虑到); talking of(说到).; supposing that(假使).; seeing

17、 that(鉴于).等。 如: Considering his health, he was made to stay at home。2. 不能正确区分不能正确区分doing(现在分词现在分词)和和 done(过去分词过去分词)的用法的用法 (1)_ the progamme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed (2)_ many times, he still cam

18、e to school late. A. Having told B. Having been told C. Told D. Being told (3) _ in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. Being lostConsolidate: _ (如此高兴如此高兴), we decided to stay two more days. Function: _2) _ (十六世纪十六世纪烧毁后烧毁后), the castle was never

19、rebuilt.Function: _Much delightedBurnt in the 16th centuryCauseTime3) _ (被他的话所感动被他的话所感动), I accepted his present.Function: _4) _ (从山上看从山上看), the lake looks beautiful.Function: _5) _ (如果吃地及时如果吃地及时) the medicine will be quite effective.Function: _Moved by his wordsSeen from the hillTaken in timecauseC

20、ondition/timeCondition _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose2. If _ the same treatment again, hes sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given3. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Founded B. It was founded C. Being founded D. FoundingPractice makes perfect4. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared5. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B.