英语必修五unit1Reading

1、Unit 1 Great scientistsReading高二人教新课标版必修五高二人教新课标版必修五What infectious diseases do you know?For example: When you eat some food that is not freshYou may feelMaybe you have got _.CholeraJohn Snow defeats “King cholera”John Snow defeats “king cholera”What can you learn from the title?人物：人物：事件：事件：defeats

2、cholera Who is John Snow?What happened to them? attended her as her personal physicianQueen VictoriaJohn Snow 约翰约翰.斯诺斯诺(1813 1858), 英国麻醉学家、英国麻醉学家、流行病专家。他首次提出了流行病专家。他首次提出了预防霍乱的措施。预防霍乱的措施。1854年年, 伦敦霍乱流行伦敦霍乱流行, 斯诺通过研究斯诺通过研究霍乱病死者的日常生活情况霍乱病死者的日常生活情况, 寻找到他们的共同行为模式寻找到他们的共同行为模式,发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的关系关系,

3、 由于及时切断了二者由于及时切断了二者的联系的联系, 有效制止了霍乱的有效制止了霍乱的流行。流行。 Name of illness cholera (霍乱霍乱) Symptom(症状症状)severe vomiting (呕吐呕吐) and diarrhoea (腹泻腹泻) Aftereffect (后果后果)die quickly from a loss of liquidWhat was the cause of this illness? How did John Snow find it out?Skim the text and find the main idea of the t

4、ext. The passage is mainly about: _ how John Snow found the cause of the cholera and defeated it. Fastreading:Read the passage quickly and find the number below and the relevant happenings in the passage.Two theoriesIn 1854500 , 10The first suggested thatmultiplied in the air; The second suggestedab

5、sorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.Another outbreak hit London.More than 500 people had died in 10 days.Read the passage and number these events in the order that they happened.John Snow began to test two theories.An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854.John Snow marked the dea

6、ths on a map. 214Carefulreading:John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe.3King Cholera was defeated.He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump.He had the handle removed from the water pump.856He announced that the water carried the disease.71. The passage ma

7、inly tells us that _.A. the cause of cholera was polluted water B. John Snow was a well-known doctor in LondonC. the source of all drinking water should be examinedD. John Snow did some research and helped to solve “King Cholera”Choose the best answer. D 2. What was the key help for John Snows disco

8、very?A. The government. B. The woman moving away from Broad Street.C. The water company.D. The map made by himself.D John Snow was a well-known _ in London in the _ century. He wanted to find the _ of cholera in order to _ it. In 1854 when a cholera _ out, he began to gather information.doctor19thca

9、usedefeatbrokeHe _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the _ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water be found. Fina

10、lly, “King Cholera” was defeated.markedpumpsourceexamineddealingWhat should we pay attention to in our daily life in order not to get infected with cholera? Heat the food left overnightCook raw food thoroughlyWash hands oftenKeep away from flieschoose fresh sea foodKeep the kitchen cleanDispose rubb

11、ish properly.Drink boiled waterDiscussion1. discover & inventinvent v. 发明发明, 发明原先不存在的东西发明原先不存在的东西Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机谁发明了蒸汽机?discover v. 发现发现, 探索或揭示早就客观探索或揭示早就客观存在着事物存在着事物Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥伦布于哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。年发现了美洲。Who discovered radium? 谁发现了镭谁发现了镭?Language Po

12、ints 2. explain explain sb. sth.explain sth. to sb. 3. characteristic n. / adj.(T)(F)1)The tradition is _ their ancestors.2) This spirit should be passed _ from generation to generation.3) So many people pass _ and never notice the change.passed fromdownby 4. pass sth from 从从处传来处传来, 传下传下 pass by 路过，

13、经过路过，经过 pass down 把把传下来传下来 5.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法?the way of doing sth.= the way to do “做做的方法的方法”She showed us the way of cleaning it.= She showed us the way to clean it.她给我们示范清洗它的办法。她给我们示范清洗它的办法。I dont like

14、the way _ you speak to your father.我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式。我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式。 与与way相关的短语相关的短语:by the waylose ones wayno wayon ones way toin this way=by this means=with this method(that/in which)用这种方法用这种方法顺便说顺便说迷路迷路(俚语俚语)没门没门, 别想别想在去在去的路上的路上6. Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出了黑洞的理论谁提出了黑洞的理论?put for

15、ward(1) 提出提出(建议等建议等)(2) 推荐某人或自己任职位推荐某人或自己任职位; 提名提名他在会议上提出了一个计划。他在会议上提出了一个计划。 He put forward a plan at the meeting.put away 抛弃；舍弃抛弃；舍弃 put down 写下来；记入名单写下来；记入名单put on 穿上；戴上；增加穿上；戴上；增加 put off 耽误；延期耽误；延期put out 熄灭熄灭 (灯灯)；扑灭；扑灭 (火火) put up 建立；建造建立；建造put up with 忍受忍受 Who put forward a theory about black

16、 holes?谁提出了黑洞的理论谁提出了黑洞的理论?put forward(1) 提出提出(建议等建议等)(2) 推荐某人或自己任职位推荐某人或自己任职位; 提名提名他在会议上提出了一个计划。他在会议上提出了一个计划。 He put forward a plan at the meeting.put away 抛弃；舍弃抛弃；舍弃 put down 写下来；记入名单写下来；记入名单put on 穿上；戴上；增加穿上；戴上；增加 put off 耽误；延期耽误；延期put out 熄灭熄灭 (灯灯)；扑灭；扑灭 (火火) put up 建立；建造建立；建造put up with 忍受忍受 kno

17、w about 了解有关了解有关的的情况情况know of 听说过听说过1)有些事我想了解一下。有些事我想了解一下。There is something I want to know about.2)我听说过那件事我听说过那件事, 但不很清楚。但不很清楚。I know of it, but I didnt know it well.conclude: v. 作结论作结论, 断定断定 The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。陪审团认定他有罪。 to conclude: 总而言之总而言之, 总之总之 To conclude, I want t

18、o thank you for your help. conclusion: n. 结论结论得出结论得出结论arrive atdraw/reach come toa conclusion1) 我我得出结论你在说谎。得出结论你在说谎。I came to/drew/reached the conclusion that you were lying.3)根据这些事实根据这些事实, 我们能对金字塔是如何我们能对金字塔是如何建建成的得出一些结论。成的得出一些结论。From these facts, we can draw some conclusions about how the pyramids

19、were built.defeat v. / n.击败击败, 战胜战胜win/beat/defeat win “赢得赢得, 获胜获胜”, 后接奖品后接奖品, 奖金奖金, 名誉名誉, 财产财产beat “击败击败, 战胜战胜”, 后接竞争队伍或者对手后接竞争队伍或者对手, 敌人敌人defeat “击败，战胜击败，战胜”, 后接竞争队伍或者后接竞争队伍或者对手对手, 敌人敌人, (此用法同此用法同beat), 疾病等。疾病等。1) Mary _ the first place in the competition.2) Our school _ their school at football.3

20、) I _ John at chess yesterday.wonbeat/defeatedbeat/defeated1) expert n. 专家专家; 高手高手; 权威权威an agricultural expert 农业专家农业专家an expert with the computer 电脑高手电脑高手expert “熟练的熟练的; 老练的老练的;经验经验(或知识或知识)丰富的丰富的”an expert rider 熟练的骑手熟练的骑手 an expert opinion 内行的意见内行的意见John Snow was a famous doctor in London-so exper

21、t, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰约翰. .斯诺曾经是一位著名的医生斯诺曾经是一位著名的医生-他的确他的确医术精湛医术精湛, ,因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。照看照看, 照料照料 如如:医生照看病人。医生照看病人。The doctor attended (on/upon) the patients.出席，到场出席，到场 如如:attend school 上学上学attend a lecture 听讲座听讲座attend church 去教堂去教堂atte

22、nd (at) a wedding 出席婚礼出席婚礼attend v. 注意注意, 留意留意,处理处理attendance n. 照顾照顾, 出席出席Well attend to the solution of that problem later.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.exposed to cholera 在句子中是过去分词用作在句子中是过去分词用作后置定语后置定语, 表示被动表示被动, 意为意为 “患霍乱的患霍乱的”。如。如:The bo

23、ok written by LuXun is very popular. 鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的。鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的。昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生。昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生。The man seen by us yesterday is Professor Smith.发散思维：发散思维：exposed adj. 暴露的暴露的, 暴露于风雨中的暴露于风雨中的, 无无掩蔽的掩蔽的 exposedness n. 暴露暴露, 显露显露开放思维开放思维: expose to 使暴露，揭穿使暴露，揭穿expose sth to the light of day把某事暴露于光天化日之下把某

24、事暴露于光天化日之下This was the deadly disease of its day.die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) deadly adj. (1) dangerous; likely to cause death 危险的危险的; 致命的致命的 a deadly disease/weapon (2) highly effective against sth. or someone 强有力的强有力的; 致命的致命的 a deadly remark 击中要害的评论击中要害的评论So many thousands of terrified people d

25、ied every time there was an outbreak.every time 在这里是连词在这里是连词, 引导时间状引导时间状语从句语从句, 意为意为“每次每次, 每当每当”。e.g. Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happened between us.每次见到他每次见到他, 我就想起发生在我们之间的我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。事情。8. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with the

26、ir meals.absorbinto 吸收吸收 如：如：e.g. The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization. 这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。be absorbed in 被被吸引吸引; 专心于专心于; 全神贯注于某事如全神贯注于某事如:He is absorbed in his book.The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 这张地图提供了一条说明霍乱起因这张地图

27、提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。的很有价值的线索。This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.valuable重大的，值钱的重大的，值钱的, 贵重的贵重的 如：如：valuable information重大的消息重大的消息The watch is valuable. 这表很值钱。这表很值钱。a valuable diamond. 贵重的钻石。贵重的钻石。It seemed that the water was to blame. 看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。be+动词不定式动

28、词不定式, 可以表示该做或不该做的可以表示该做或不该做的事情事情, 相当于相当于must, should, ought to 等。如：等。如：No one is to leave this building without the permission of the police.没有警察的允许谁也不准离开这栋楼。没有警察的允许谁也不准离开这栋楼。You are not to drop litter in the park.公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。受到责备受到责备, 主动表被动主动表被动Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.其次，约翰其次，约翰.斯诺调查了这两条街的水源。斯诺调查了这两条街的水源。look into 往往里面看里面看; to investigate 检查检查; 了解。了解。 如：如：Well look into this matter together.我们将一起调查这个问题。我们将一起调查这个问题。开放思维：开放思维：look out 面朝面朝, 留神留神, 照料照料look over 从上面看从上面看, 察看察看, 检查检查look around 环顾环顾, 观光观光, 察看察