定语从句超详细讲解和练习无答案

1、定语从句定语从句的构成：两个简单句： A man is sta nding there.The man is my brother.= 主从复合句： The man who is standing there is my brother.先行词：行，走路的意思。先行词就是放在从句前面的词，但是本身为定语从句中的一部分。所以先行词 在从句中作什么成分从句中就用什么样的引导词。关系词：代替先行词承担从句中的句子成分，放在句首引导从句，所以也叫引导词。(1.关系代词：在从句里代替先行词充当 、_关系词的种类:I 2.关系副词：在从句里代替先行词充当 关系词的作用：代替前面的先行词在从句中充当一定的成

2、分 把两个句子连起来一、关系代词：先行词人物人+物主语who/ thatwhich/ thatthat宾语who/ whom/ thatwhich/ thatthat定语whosewhose/ of which表语that注意：、当先行词在从句中作宾语的时候可以省略引导词把下列两个简单句合成一个主从复合句1. He wants to see the man. + The man is in Shanghai.2.1 have a sister. + She works in Hebei.4.Do you know the girl? + Her mother works here.5.1 li

3、ve in a room. + Its door faces south.先行词做宾语时 who与whom的区别 一般情况下不进行区分，除非是紧跟在介词之后1. This is the man. The police are looking for him.This is the man who/whom/that ) the police are looking for.【who/whom/that 可以省略】其中介词for可以提前This is the man for whom the police are looking.介词在引导词前面只能用 whom,而且不能省略，因为介词之后只能接

4、宾格注：that不能放在介词之后2. John is the driver. We talked about him.Joh n is the driverwe talked about.Joh n is the driver aboutwe talked.、关系副词:先行词物地点状语where时间状语whe n原因状语why/ for which把下列两个简单句合成一个主从复合句This is the house. + I was born in the house.对比： This is the house. The house was built 10 years ago.T 总结： W

5、e will never forget the day. + We will hold the Olympic Games on the day.T T 对比： I will never forget the day . I spent the day with you last year.T T 总结： I don' t know the reason. + He left here for the reason.T T I don 't know the reason. He has told others the reason.T 总结： 介词加 which 可以等于 w

6、hen、where 或 whyThis was a terrible war. + Many people were killed in the war.t This was a terrible war. + Many people were killed in.-It is the largest farm in my hometown. A monument stands on the farm.t It is the largest farm in my hometow n. A monument sta nds on.-一The police soon arrived at the

7、sce ne现场）.There was a man lying at the sce ne.t The police soon arrived at the sce ne现场）.There was a man lying at.一T总结： where二介词+which，介词是由所决定的。February is a month. There are usually 28 days in a month. February is a mon th. There are usually 28 days in.- Every Chinese knows October 1st. New China w

8、as founded on October 1st. Every Chinese knows October 1st. New China was founded on . I want to know the time. The bus leaves at the time. I want to know the time. The bus leaves at . 总结： when=介词+which，介词是由所决定的。No one can guess the reason. He disappeared for the reason. No one can guess the reason.

9、 He disappeared for . 总结： why=for which ，因为只有介词 for 表示原因 . 另一种引导词加介词的情况：1. This is the hero whom we are proud.A.ofB.toC. atD.in2.In the dark street, there was'nt any person she could turn.A. to thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom3. Lei Feng is a person all people should learn.A. to thatB. whoC. fro

10、m whomD. to whom总结：看动词的固定搭配。先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语时 who 与 whom 的区别 :who 是主格，可以做主语， 但是现在语法要求不那么严格了，先行词是人在从句中作主语作宾 语都可以用 who 来代替whom 是宾格，先行词做宾语的时候可以用 whom 来代替 但是介词之后只能接宾格的形式，所以如果引导词前有介词的话，必须得用 whom 的形式 .而且当引导词前面有介词的时候是不能省略引导词的1. You want the approval of those withyou come in contact.(who/whom/that)2. You wan

11、t the approval of those you come in contact with.(who/whom/that)3. The girl you talked to is my girlfriend.(who/whom/that)4. The girl to you talked is my girlfriend.(who/whom/that)5. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. (who/whom/that)定语从句最需要注意的地方 :一、定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词

12、保持一致。1. Here are the sentences that often used by the students.(that 指代 ,谓语动词用 )2. I am Li Hua, who your student.( who 指代 , 谓语用 .)3. He was one of the students who praised for it.( who 指代 , 谓语用 .)4. He was the only one of the students who praised for it.( who 指代 , 谓语用 .)二、the way为先行词在句中做 方式状语，引导词用th

13、at、in which或省略都可以。I don'tlike the way. You speak to me in the way. 划分句子结构： You speak to me in the way.变成定语从句 1.I don'tlike the way that you speak to me.2.1 don'tlike the way in which you speak to me.3.1 don'tlike the way you speak to me.对比： I think the way is very practical. You told

14、 me the way. 划分句子结构： You told me the way.1.1 think the way that you told me is very useful.2.1 think the way which you told me is very useful.'3.1 think the way you told me is very useful.三、注意英语的句子结构。1. The Greens have two daughters, both of are college students.2. The Greens have two daughters,

15、 and both of are college students.3. The Greens have two daughters. Both of are college students.四、定语从句不能用 what 引导。定语从句不能用 what 引导。 定语从句不能用 what 引导。五、虚拟的地点也可以做地点状语。1. I receive your letter you told me you would come.先行词： . You told me you would come先. 行词所做成分 对比： I receive your letter makes me glad.先

16、行词： . makes me glad.先行词所做成分2. Look at the sentence there are five words.先行词 : . There are five words先. 行词所做成分 对比： Look at the sentence you should pay attention to .先行词 : . You should pay attention to先. 行词所做成分 3. Please log on the website you can find a lot of information.先行词 : . You can find a lot o

17、f information先. 行词所做成分 对比： Please log on the website can offer you a lot of information.先行词：.can offer you a lot of in formation先行词所做成分 六、as作关系代词先行词前有such, as, the same寸，其意为“像的” “凡是的”“一类的人（物）”，引导词必须用a&例如：He'snot such a fool as he looks.他并不像看上去的那样愚蠢。He is not such a manas would leave his work

18、 half done. 他并不是一个做事半途而废的人。You must show my wife the same respectas you show me. 你必须对我妻子表现出与对我同样的敬重。He smokesas expensive a cigaretteas he can afford. 他抽一种他买得起的最贵的烟。七、特殊情况只用 that 不用 which 的情况(1) 先行词是不定代词： all， few， little， much, something， nothing， anything 等。 例如： All that we have to do is to practi

19、se every day. 我们必须做的就是每天练习。Little that he said is believable 他的话很少有可信的。(2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。 例如： The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten。我将永远记得我的第一堂课。(3) 先行词被 all, any, very, each, few, little , no, some等限定词修饰。 例如： Every means that had been tried proved to be useless.尝试过的每一种方法都证明是无用

20、的。I have read all the books (that)you gave m我已读了你给我的所有的书。 ( 4)先行词被 the only, the very, the right, just the 修饰时。例如： He is the only person that l want to talk to. 他是我想与之交谈的唯一的人。This is just the book (that) I'm looking for. 这正是我在找的书。( 5)先行词既有人又有物时。例如：They talked of things and persons that they reme

21、mbered in the school. 他们谈起了他们所记得的学校里的人和事。(6) 当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句须用that，以免与先行词重复。 例如： Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?我们当中懂得一些物理知识的人有谁不知道这个呢 ?(7) 先行词前有介词的时候不能用that只能用which，而且绝对不能省略The book I heard about was written ten years ago.The book about I heard was writte

22、n ten years ago.当先行词是人,只用 that 不用 who 的情况：a. 以who开头的特殊疑问句，定语从句的先行词如果是人，关系代词只用that不用whoWho is the girl that said hello to you just now?b. 当先行词既有人也有物时，定语从句只用that来引导They ofter talk about the person and things that they remember.c. 当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，只用that来引导He'cha nged. He is not the man that he was.

23、练习题：【2017 匕京】1. The little problemswe meet in our daily lives may be in spirati ons for greatinven ti ons.A.that B. as C. where D. whe n【2016 北京】2. I live next door to a couplechildren often make a lot of noise.A.whose B. why C. where D. which【2014 重庆】3. We' ll reach the sales gaits in a mon thw

24、e set at the beg inning of the year.A.whichB. whereC. whe nD. what【2014 安徽】4. The exact yearAngela and her family spent together in China was 2008.A.When B. where C. why D. which5. Fi nally he reached a Ion ely isla ndwas completely cut off from the outside world.A.whe nB.whereC.whichD.whom6. Who ca

25、n thi nk of a situationthis idiom can be used?A.whereB.whichC.in thatD.that7.ln class, our teachers ofte n create an en vir onmentwe are give n the opport un ity to solveproblems ourselves.A.whe nB.whichC.whereD.that8. The prize will go to the writerstory shows the most imagi nati on.A.thatB.whichC.

26、whoseD.what9. The factory I am going to is the place my father used to work in the past.A.where; where B.where; which C.which; where D.that; which10. Tom is one of the boys who late this morning.A.wasB. wereC.isD.are11. Tom is the only one of the boys who late this morning.A.wasB. wereC.isD.are12. D

27、o you know the stude nt?A. whom I ofte n talkB. with who I ofte n talk C.l often talk with D. that I ofte n talk13. The boss of the compa ny is tryi ng to create an easy atmospherehis employees enjoy theirwork.A. where B. which C. whe n D. who14. Creating an atmosphereemployees feel part of a team i

28、s a big challenge.A. which B. whose C. in which D. at which15. Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which16. He is the last person in the world I am willing to turn for help.A.to whomB.whoC.thatD.when17. The book tells stories of th

29、e earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.A.whose B.thatC.who D.which18. The book has opened up a window we can see a wonderful world outside.A.in which B.through which C.where D.that19.I, your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who isB.who amC.that isD.what is20.I know

30、 the reason he was absent from class this morning.A.whichB.in whichC.for whichD.that21.The company I am working in is next to the post office.A.where B.which C.in which D.to which22.The reason you explained for your being late is unbelievable.A./ B.whyC.for which23.Is this the park you visited the o

31、ther day?A.whereB.thatC.in which24.He is the only one of my uncles a restaurant.A.that runsB.who runC.whom runs25.Is this the hospital you worked 10 years ago?A.where B.that C./D.whatD.the oneD.which runD.which26. He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.A.what B.which C.wher

32、e D.how27. Nowhere could he find his glasses, he could see nothing.A.with which B.thatC.without whichD.where28. Wind power is an ancient source of energywe may return in the near future.A.on which B.by which C.to which D.from which29. This is the best way I have thought ofthe problem.A.that; solving

33、 B.in which; solving C.which; to solve D./; to solve30. Leave him a note at the reception desk, he will learn how to find you.A.which B.from which C.with which D.on which31. The school is differe nt from the oneit used to be 6 years ago.A.itB.whichC.thatD.what32.Studentslive far away home will be ha

34、ppy with our dormitories.A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.for whom33. The waythe teacher taught is practical.A.i n whichB.whe nC.whereD.that34. The wolves hid themselves in the placescoulcfn t be found.A.thatB.whereC.in whichD.in that35.I have bought the same dress she is wearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what非限制性定语从句非

35、限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句的区别：主句和从句中间有无逗号非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句用法基本一样，但是有两点不同：1. 非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导2. 非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一整句话，当先行词是一整句话的时候引导词只能用which1. The famous basketball star,is an America n, came to Chi na yesterday.2.In those days,she used to go to Mr black,withshe had a wonderful time.3bought a car yesterday,cost

36、 me a lot.4.Xi' an,I visited last year, is a nice old city.5.It was rai ning heavily,made the situati on wore.6. He will come to see me next July,he won t be so busy.7. The school,I once studied,was built thirty years ago.8. John said he d been working in the office for an hour,was true.9. My pa

37、re nts ofte n treat me as a baby,I cant bear.10. Jim passed the driv ing test,surprised everybody in the office.3. 在of which/whom之前可以使用表达数量或定位的数词或代词。1.I am doing different types of exercises, all of are quite helpful to my health.2. Many people , some of are not overweight , are going on diets.3. Th

38、ere are 54 students in my class, three of come from US.4.It' s the same in China-many people, some of are not overweight at all,are always going on diet or taking weight-loss pills, are often dangerous.4. as也可以作引导词，先行词为一整句话。但是which引导的句子放在主句之后，as引导的从句放在主句之前。但是这一类定语从句逐渐演化成了短语，常见的有：as has been said

39、 before如上所述as is well known众所周知as was expected正如预料的那样as has been already pointed out 正如已经指出的那样as we all can see正如我们都会看到的那样练习题：1. This is the factory where we visited last week.2. This is the watch which Tom is looking for it.3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.4. The house in that we live is very small.5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.6. It is know