常用数学术语的英语表达

1、.常用数学术语的英语表达：1 立方one cubic1 平方米one square metre几何geometry点point线line面plane直线a straight曲线curved line近似值an approximate value垂直线a vertical水平线a horizontal line三角形的底the base of a triangle三角形的两个腰the two sides of a triangle直角a rigt angle锐角an acute angle钝角an obtuse angle长方形a rectangle正方形a square多边形a polygon

2、圆心the centre of a circle圆的直径the diameter of a circle圆的半径the radius of a circle半圆a semicircle弧an arc圆柱体a cylinder球体a spheroid常用加减乘除的英语表达：四加五等于九If you add 4 to 5, you get 9.或： If you add 4 and 5, you get 9.五与四的和是九4 and 5 are / make 9.或： The sum of 5 and 4 is 9.或： Four plus five equals nine.五减二等于三If yo

3、u take 2 from 5, you get 3.或： 5 minus 2 equals 3.五与二之差为三The difference between 5 and 2 is 3.二乘三等于六2 times 3 is / equals 6.或： 3 multiplied by 2 equals 6.二与三的积为六The proudct of 2 and 3 is 6.六除以二等于三If you divide 6 by 2, the answer is 3.或： Ifyou divide2 into6,theansweris3.或： 6 divided by 2 equals 3.比较两个数

4、字大小的英语表达：6大于56 is greater than 5.或： 6 is more than 5.6 小于76 is less than 7.平方、立方及四次方的英语表达：3 的平方等于9The square of 3 is 9.3的立方等于27The cube of 3 is 27.3的四次方等于81The fourth power of 3 is / equals 81.平方根立方根的英语表达：9 的平方根为3The square root of 9 is 3.27 的立方根为3The cube root of 27 is 3.正比反比的英语表达：A 与 B 成正比A is in

5、direct proportion to B.A 与 B 成反比A is in inverse proportion to B.两直线平行或垂直的英语表达：直线 AB 平行于直线CDLine AB is parallel to Line CD直线 AB 垂直于直线CDLine AB is perpendicular to Line CD代数部分1。有关数学运算add,plussubtractdifferencemultiply,timesproductdivide 除divisibledividedevenly被整除dividenddivisor 因子，除数quotientremainderf

6、actorialpowerradicalsign,rootsign根号roundtotothenearest四舍五入2。有关集合unionproper subsetsolution set解集3。有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic termlike terms,similar termsnumerical coefficientliteral coefficientinequality 不等式triangle inequalityrangeoriginal equationequivalent equationlinear equation线性方程 (e.g.5x +6=22)4。有关

7、分数和小数proper fractionimproper fraction.mixed numbervulgarfraction,commonfractionsimple fractioncomplex fractionnumeratordenominator(least)common denominator(最小 ) 公分母quarterdecimal fractioninfinite decimalrecurring decimaltenthsunit 十分位5。基本数学概念arithmetic meanweighted averagegeometric meanexponentbasec

8、ubesquare rootcuberootcommon logarithmdigitconstantvariable变量inversefunctioncomplementary functionlinear 一次的，线性的factorizationabsolute value绝对，值e.g.|-32|=32round off四舍五入6。有关数论natural numberpositive numbernegative numberodd integer,odd numbereven integer,even numberinteger,whole numberpositive whole n

9、umbernegative whole numberconsecutive numberrea lnumber,rationalnumberirrational(number)inversecomposite number 合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15prime number质数 e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15 ? 注意：所有的质数(2 除外 ) 都是奇数，但奇数不一定是质数reciprocalcommon divisormultiple(least)commonmultiple( 最小 )(prime)factor(质 )common factorordina

10、ryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegativetensunitsmodemediancommon ratio公比7。数列arithmetic progression(sequence) 等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列approximate(anti)clockwise(逆 )cardinalordinal序数directproportiondistinctestimationparentheses 括号proportionpermutationcombinationtabletrigonometric functionuni

11、t 单位，位几何部分8。所有的角alternate anglecorresponding anglevertical anglecentral erior angleexterior anglesupplement aryanglescomplementaryangleadjacent angleacute angleobtuse angleright angle 直角round anglestraight angleincluded angle 夹角9。所有的三角形equilateral trianglescalene triangleisosceles triangler

12、ight triangleobliqueinscribed triangle内接三角形10。有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircleconcentric circlesquadrilateralpentagonhexagonheptagonoctagonnonagondecagonpolygonparallelogramequilateralplanesquarerectangleregular polygonrhombustrapezoid 梯形11 。其它平面图形arcline,straight lineline segmentparallel linessegment of a

13、 circle 弧形4.有关立体图形cuberectangular solidregular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体 circular cylinderconespheresolid 立体的5.有关图形上的附属物altitudedepthsidecircumference,perimeterradiansurface areavolumearmcros ssectioncenter of acircle圆心chordradiusangle bisectordiagonaldiameteredge 棱face of a solidhypotenuseinclud

14、ed sideleg 三角形的直角边medianofatrianglebase 底边，底数(e.g.2 的 5 次方， 2 就是底数 )oppositemidpointendpointvertex( 复数形式vertices)ercept 截距6.有关坐标coordinate systemrectangularcoordinate直角坐标系originabscissa 横坐标ordinatenumberlinequadrantslopecomplex plane 复平面7.其它plane geometrytrigonometrybisectcircu

15、mscribeinscribe 内切intersectperpendicularpythagoreantheorem勾股定理congruent 全等的multilateral多边的其它1.单位类centpennynickel5dimedozen 打 (12 个 )score 廿 (20 个 )CentigradeFahrenheitquartgallon加仑 (1gallon=4quart)yard 码metermicroninchfootminute分 ( 角度的度量单位，60 分=1 度)squaremeasurecubicmeterpint 品脱 ( 干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业intercalary yea