高三英语学科二轮语法专题复习教师辅导教案-名词性从句

1、高三英语学科二轮语法专题复习教师辅导教案名词性从句教学内容学员编号：学员姓名：YYY年 级：高三辅导科目：英语课时数：3 学科教师：XX名词性从句教学目标清楚名词性从句的分类，掌握名词性从句连接词的用法。授课日期X X年X X月X X日Stepl:1Step2名词性从句学习名词性从句共有四种：主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句I have an id门一Whet's ida？批注：注意Lucas说的话，其中包含的教育意义是一方面；另外一方面是他说的话中有我们今天要学习的两大名词性从句。看看这两个从句有什么特点?My idea is that everyone should hel

2、p others in need.What did you talk about just now?I told Lucy an idea thateveryone should help others in need.高中主语从句用法详解6、主语从句概念：在句子中起主语作用的从句叫做主语从句；是四种名词性从句之一。It seems unlikely.（主+系+表结构，it是句子的主语）【演变】 如果it相当于You will win the medal.I 等量代换后变为:That you will win the medal seems unlikely.主语（相当于it）、引导词：主语从

3、句的引导词与宾语从句的引导词大体相同，略有差异。用1、连词that1）连词that在主语从句中白一般用法 ：that引导主语从句时，在句中 不做成分.无意义,不可以省略。从句不缺成分和意义，用that引导，位于句首不能省略与宾语从句的差异n【例句】 That you are so indifferent bothers me.（主谓宾结构）2） That she survived the accident is a miracle.（主系表结构）从句中不缺成分和意义，用that引导，位于句首不能省略批注：让学员自己分析看看从句本身是哪种结构，借此检验学员对五大基本句型的掌握程度。中 、2、连词

4、 whether : whether在从句中不作成分，有含义（是否），不能省略。if不能引导一语从句放在句首（前面学习宾语从句时提到过）。 但是如果用it做形式丰语，而把中语从句放在句末 时,也 可以用if引导。【例句】Whether we will hold a party in the open i：ir tomorrow depends on the weatheruIt depends on the weather if we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow.it代替，这样就能清晰批注：若学员不懂为什么框内是主语部分，可以借鉴数学中

5、的等量代换思想，将框内部分用 明了。比3、连词代词、连接副词:421）连接代词：同宾语从句一样，由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的主语从句中，连接代词在从句中要担当一定的成分，主要担当 圭迨、宴迨、走迨、定语等成分。例句What you need is more practice.whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义;Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.，吾whatever=any

6、thing that; whoever=anyone who;要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。如:Where she is from is unknown.2）连接副词：同宾语从句一样，由连接副词 when, where, why, how 引导的主语从句中，连接副词也要担当一定的成分.多数情况下做状语。【例句】When they will leave is not decided.主语批注：引导词这部分内容与之前讲解宾语从句时大致相同，所以没有过多展开；但需要根据学员实际水平调整例句数量。、it构成的主语从句及虚拟语气。常用it作形式【例句1】【例句2】需

7、要注意的是，it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句 的区别。试比较:1、it构成的主语从句：由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡，避免“头重脚轻”主语，而把从句放在后面。此时that可以省略。As was reported, the !.rS was iiiidef the teiionsT attack事实是是好消息It is +名词+从句It is a question that是个问题It was reported thattile US was lurIciHie lei t or i st a thick批注：若学员能够容易区分，一带而过；若学员不能明白定

8、语从句，那么先从句意上帮助学员区分使用；而不宜在 此时引入过多定语从句的相关内容，以免学员弄混两种结构。）常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构:尸It is a fact that It is good news that是常识、It is common knowledge that类似的名词还有： a pity; a wonder; a good thing; no wonder; surprise 等。/ It is necessarythat有必要很清楚It is clear thatit is +形容词+从句It is likely that很可能、It is important that

9、重要的是据说It is +过去分词+从句It is reported that据报道It has been proved that已证明It must be proved that 必须指出类似的形容词还有：strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; quite; unusual; certain;evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.It is said thatH 他：It seems (happened

10、/ appears / doesnt matter / makes no olccerenced me )thatItw晅联11咏山小 will ivm (lieIt doe not mail ciifi iiLiedmyIt makes noihtfeiencewhether hu williftend rlieUltidUill 01 llulIt luippejLvd llmt I-hiiuyesterday.去2、主语从句中虚拟语气的用法:'1） "It is （was） +形容词（或过去分词）+ that 主语从句结构中的虚拟语气:在该结构中，使用某些表示 愿望、建

11、议、请求、命令、可能、适当、迫切、重要等形容词或过去分词时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即, 可以省略。should + 动词原型.其中 should这类常见的形容词有：natural（自然的）,appropriate （适当的），advisable （合适的）preferable （更可取的）,better （更好的）,necessary（必要的），important （重要的）,imperative（急需的）（可能的）5奇怪的）,urgent（急迫的）,essential（重要的），vital （重要的），probable （很可能的）,desirable （理想的），compulsor

12、y （必须的），incredible （难以置信的）,possible,strange这类常见的过去分词有 ：required （需要），demanded （要求）,requested,（要求）（要求）suggested,（建议）recommended,（推荐）ordered;（命令）desired,类似的过去分词还有：known; estimated; expected; believed; thought; hoped; noted; discussed; required; decided;suggested; demanded; made clear; found out, etc.侬

13、2) “It is +名词+ that主语从句结构中的虚拟语气:在该结构中，使用某些表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等名词时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即， should + 动词原型，其中 should可以省略。这类常见的名词有：advice, decision, desire, demand, idea, motion, order, pity, preference,proposal, recommendation, requirement, resolution, shame, suggestion, surprise, wish, wonder 等。【例句】It is ne

14、cessary that we (should) have a walk now.It is required that nobody (should) smoke huR.It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad.批注：通过课后作业来巩固和强化虚拟语气这部分内容，不必要求学员一定要把这些词一一记下；我们的目标是这 些词出现时，学员能够想到用虚拟语气的形式。岑*三、主语从句的规律When he will come are a puzzle. (x)When he will come is a puzzle. (v)主席从

15、句中的隹H不能串身使用含主沿从句的主 句谓消动句多用 信敕第二人林股 式*，:也问安主语从句一评用 陈述语序含主语从句的 主句谓语动词多用 第三人称单数必加引导的主语 从句.，甲根据表 语决定主句动询 的型受敬形式* （电咧句）whether H以引导 主需从句放在比 首,if不能连建that不能省 略，位if作形式主 语，从句后首时 Mi at 7鼠:百略规律主务从何为丁避 曳头至孙轻K奔.用网作形式主语， 书把吊放在后面【例句】What he needs is that book.（主系表结构，表语 that book是单数，所以主句谓语动词用单数）What he needs are so

16、me books.（主系表结构，表语 some books是复数，所以主句谓语动词用复数）典型例题Has it ever struck you it would be like to have no one you could trust?A. thatB. whoC. whichD. what【解析】D.本题考查名词性从句中的主语从句。it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句；做题时可以把主干部分变为陈述句，即：It has ever struck you it would be like to have no one you could trust.;然后分析从句成分，从句中的it也是形式主

17、语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，因此 be like后面缺少表语，表示“没有一个可以信任的人 将会是什么样子”所以引导词选择 D。we all know is the old lady, though she is very rich, still works every dayA. As; thatB. What; that C. It; whatD. That; why【解析】B.本题考查名词性从句中的主语从句和表语从句。先看主语从句部分，从句谓语动词know后面缺少宾语，因此答案已经锁定 B项了。再看表语从句部分，从句中不缺少任何成分，意义也不残缺，因此应该选择that。made th

18、ings worse, he said, was that his roommate never look part in any of the cleaning workA. WhatB. WhichC. ThatD. Who【解析】A.本题考查名词性从句中的主语从句。he said看做插入语，主语从句部分白谓语动词 made前面缺少主语,而且不含疑问意义，所以答案锁定A项。Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom【解析】B.本题考查名词性从句中的主语从句。从

19、句谓语动词offer后面缺少宾语，表示“ Barbara Jones 提供给粉丝们的东西是”不含疑问意义，因此选定B项。 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. ThatD. How【解析】B.本题考查名词性从句中的主语从句。根据 regardas sth.可知从句谓语动词regard后面缺少宾语,表示“一些人认为是缺点 的东西”,不含疑问意义，所以答案锁定B项。批注：通过这五例典型例题，再次证明what这个引导词是经常被考查的对象，应当引起学员注意。（建议5

20、-8分钟）20the young man is in great need of a computer in his work is known to his boss.A. WhatB. ThatC. HowD. Whenthe children dream about is the freedoms to develop their special gift.A. WhichB. ThatC. WhatD. Howour eating ties in with our stress level is being studied and soon it will be clear.A. Th

21、atB. HowC. WhereD. WhatOne can ' t be really happy if he enjoys doing is regarded by society as of no importance.A. howB. thatC. whatD. whereDavid showed the report to the public surprises me.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhichD. Wholeft the door unlocked must be held responsible for the accident.A. Whomever

22、B. WhoeverC. WhateverD. Wheneverwe go there by train or by ship makes no difference . The time and the fees are the same.A. WhichB. HowC. WhetherD. WhyIt remains unknown the peace talk between the two countries is going to lead .A. whereB. whenC. howD . whyIt has been proved taking exercise regularl

23、y does good to one's health.A. whetherB . whenC. whatD. thatIt's reported that the new underground line has been completed.-Yes but it hasn't been made clear it's to be opened to traffic.A. thatB . whoC. whatD . when答案：BCBCB BCADD高中表语从句、同位语从句用法详解、表语从句中1概今.1 在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句；是四种名词性从

24、句之一。 表语从句放在系动词之后，一般结构是“小.语+系动词+表语从句 可以接表语从句的联系动词有be, look, remain, seem, sound 等。中2、引导词:主语t引导词The trouble isth we are shout of money .1）连词that: that引导表语从句时 无词义，不担当成分，通常不可以省略。（口语中有时可以省略）【例句】The reason was that he was late for school .2）连词The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.wheth

25、er: whether引导表语从句时有词义（是否），不担当成分，不可以省略。【例句】The question is whether we need more ice cream.The key is whether we can solve the problem.that和whether引导表语从句时，主句主语常常是些抽象名词，如question（问题），trouble（麻烦），problem（问题）,result（结果），chance（能性），suggestion（建议），idea（想法），reason啰由）等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、 解释，使主语的内容具体化。®3）连词a

26、s if / as though: as if / as though引导表语从句时 有词义（好像，似乎），不但当成分，不可以省略,可以 相互替换使用。【例句】It sounds as if/as though someone is knocking at the door.It looked as if/as though it was going to rain.您4）连词because: because引导表语从句时有词义（因为），不担当成分，不可以省略。例句 That is because we never thought of it.Q5）连接代词 who, whom, whose,

27、 what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever :连接代词引导表语从句时有疑问词也担当句子成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语） ，不能省略。从句谓语动词get后面 缺少宾语，选择引导词 who 来担当宾语，译为“找谁”【例句】 The problem is who we can get to replace her.、The problem was who could do the work .从句谓语动词could do前面缺少主语， 选择引导词who来担当主语，译为“谁能做”That is what we are inside.从句谓语动词 are后面缺少表

28、语，选择引 导词what来担当表语，译为“内在的东西”V 6）连接副词 where, when, why, how: 连接副词引导表语从句时 有疑问词义.担当句子成分（主要作状语）.不能 省略。【例句】What I wonder is when he left. when在从句中做时间状语why在从句中做原因状语This is where they once lived. w where 在从句中做地点状语That is why I got wet through.That is how mice ruined many stores of grain every year. how 在从句中

29、做方式状语批注：部分引导词引导表语从句时，除了具有本身的“疑问意义”外，有时还可以表示“非疑问意义如：what可以表示“所 的"； This is what I can do in order to help you.这是我为帮助你 所能做的事情。心3、规律:表遇从句中11间 不可以喳咯主句吃志和从句 时态可以不一簟M不能引导表语 从句 r wheigt 可以一定用陈述语序典型例题35. 一 Do you think it wise for parents to do everything for their children?一No. That's they're

30、mistaken.A. whetherB. whenC. whatD. where【解析】D.本题考查表语从句。从句中缺少地点状语，即“那就是他们错误的地方"，where可以作地点状语，所以选才D D项。35. One of the glorious moments in my school life was I was awarded the Mayor' s AwardA. whyB. howC. thatD. when【解析】D.本题考查表语从句。从句中缺少时间状语。即，“我学校生活中最辉煌的时刻就是我被授予市长奖的时候”when可以作时间状语，选择 D项。23. Wh

31、at we can learn from the story is you mustn ' t blame children for the mistakes of their parents.A. whereB. whatC. whetherD. that【解析】D.本题考查表语从句。从句中不缺少任何成分，也不缺少意义，所以选择D项that。专二、同位语从句1、什么是同位语： 一个名词（或其他形式）对另一个名词或代词进行解释说明（通常紧挨在一起） 起解释说明作用的名词（或其他形式）就是另一个名词的同位语。01）名词作同位语【例句】Mr. Wang , my child ' s

32、 teacher be visiting us on Tuesday.作Mr. Wang的同位语，解释说明 Mr. Wang是谁仇）短语作同位语【例句】Tom, the eldest child in his family , had to care for the other children.L作Tom的同位语，解释说明 Tom是谁尊3）直接引语作同位语【例句】The question comes to their mind, Who can we turn to for help?”J作question的同位语，解释说明question的内容仇）句子作同位语，构成同位语从句s iW2、同

33、位语从句概念：在句子中起同位语作用的从句，叫做同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面（通常为抽象名词， 如： news, idea, fact, promise, question, doubt, thought, hope, message, suggestion, words, possibility 等），用以解释 说明该名词表示的具体内容。抽象名词从句补充说明抽象名词表示的具体内容【例句】I heard the news that our team had won.I引导词抽象名词从句补充说明抽象名词表示的具体内容I ve come from Mr. Wang with a message

34、 that he won't be able to see you this afternoon.引导词®1）引导词C 连词that引导同位语从句时 无意义，不但当成分，不可以省略。 连，whether引导同位语从句时 有意义（是否），不担当成分，不可以省略。We followed his advice that we (should) ask our teacher for help .The worker's demand that they (should) have higher wages and better working conditions was

35、put aside.The order soon came that all civilians (should) evacuate the village.看四、易混淆引导词辨析'i'1) that/whatrules曲虱在名词性从句中不充当任何成分 乂起连登作jijwhat除起连接作用外，还在幺诃性从句中充1成分，可假从句的【小练习】1 .he wants is a book.2 . he wants to go there is obvious.3 .We should pay attention to the teacher is saying.4 .He told u

36、s he felt ill.5 .The result is we won the game.6 .This is we want to know.7 . I have no idea he did that afternoon.8 .The fact she works hard is well known to us all.【答案】1. What 2. That 3. what 4. (that) 5. (that) 6. what 7. what 8. that®2)whether/if3) that/why/because 引导表语从句时辨析 在由形式±语it引导

37、的X语从句和及物动同h?ifii的宾语从句 中,表“是否"时,whether/if都可以川 在前置主语从句、表内从句、同位语从句和跟花介问后而 的宾语从句中，去“是否"时，只能用whether 在whether.q not fl whether to do【小练习】 I asked her she had a bike. I don ' t know he is well or not.3.we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.4.It hasn't been

38、 decided we shall attend the meeting.5.We' re worried about he is safe. 6. The question is he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question the old man will recover soon. 8. I don ' t know to go or to stay at home.【答案】1. whether/if2. whether3. Whether4. whether/if whether6. whether7. whether8. whether11 whether不i尼换成if that无诃义，且山reason作寸:语的表语从句只能用that引导why有词义，强调结果 beca use行词义,强调原因【小练习】1. I drove to Zhuhai fo