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1、六年级英语总复习(时态,语法)(一)一般现在时1、 概念:表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作。2、 标志词: often, usually, sometimes, always, every day等3、 主语是第三人称单数he, she, it 时,谓语动词要加s或es,其他人 称动词要用原形。4、 主语是第三人称单数时,动词变化规则:A、一般情况,在动词后面直接加 s,如:walk-walks.B、 以 sh, ch, o 结尾的, 在动词后面加es, 如: wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goesC、 以辅音加y结尾,将y改为i ,再加es,如:study-studi
2、es.( 二 ) 现在进行时:1、 概念:表示正在发生的事情或动作。2、 标志词:now, look, listen , it ' s3、 结构: b e(am, is , are)+ 动词 ing4、 动词加的规则如下:A、 一般情况下,在动词后面直接加 ing ,如: listen-listeningB、 以不发音的 e 结尾, 去 e 加 ing , 如: take-taking (make, like, write , come)C、 以重读闭音节 ( 辅音 +元音 +辅音 ) 结尾的, 要双写最后一个字母再加ing , 如 put-putting, (get, sit, st
3、op , run, swim, set)但:see-seeing, eat - eating.(三)一般将来时:1、 概念:表示将要发生的事或打算,计划要做的事。2、 标志词: this weekend, next Monday, tomorrow, in seven years time3、 结构: be(am, is , are) going to + 动词原形 或者 Will+ 动词原形如: I am going to take a trip next week.4、 否定句: be+not going to + 动词原形 或者 Will+not( 等于won t)+动词原形( 四)一般
4、过去时:1、概念:表示在过去的时间里所发生的事或动作。2、标志词:last weekend yesterday, just now, ago.3、动词变过时的方法:(1) 直接在动词后面加 ed, 如: wash-washed.(2) 以 e 结尾的加 d.(3) 以重读闭音节结尾的, 要双写最后一个字母, 再加 ed, 如: stop-stopped.(4) 不规则的:get-got, write-wrote, run-ran, go-went, buy-bought, find-found,do/does did come came have had swim swam am/is was
5、 are were fly-flew make-made sing sang eat-ate teach taught read readsee-saw take took tell told feel felt meet met五、be动词(包括 am, is , are)的用法,I用 am, you用 are , is 用于她, 他,它 (she, he, it), 单数用 is ,复数用 are 。六、把陈述句改为一般疑问句的方法:1、找 be 动词,把 be 提到句首,要大写,句末用问号。2、没 be,就找 can (will, shall, could, would ,must),把
6、 can 提到旬首,要大写,句末用问号。3、没be,也没can,在句子前面加do或does,动词要还原。七、把陈述句改为否定句的方法:1、找 be 动词,在动词后面加not2、没 be,找 can(will, shall, should, could,must),在后面加 not3、没be也没can,在动词前加does或doesn' t, 动词要还原注:有 often, usually, sometimes 等词,就在often, ususlly, sometimes前面加。八、在 do, does,did, can, let , can , don t , doesn t, to ,
7、must 后面加动词原形。九、 在 tell, help, let, teach 等动词后面加人称宾格, 人称宾格有 (me, us, you , him, her, them)十、在行为动词, be 动词,介词后加动词 ing ,如 like, enjoy, go 后面都是加动词的 ing.十一、 help 后面加人称宾格句型:帮助某人做某事 help sb (to) do sth后面加动词原形 help sb with sth如:我帮助妈妈做家务。I help her do housework.= I help her with housework.十一、形容词前面要用 be 动词,描述某
8、人的职业也用 be 动词如: be (busy, excited, angry, happy, bored, tired, sunny, cloudy, windy, snowy, rainy)如: 1. Is your father an accountant? 2. She isn t a singer.3.We aren t busy . 4. Is it rainy today?near=next to=not far from 离近 be far from 离远come from=be from 来自如: She comes from China.=She is from China
9、.The cloud comes from the vapour.=The cloud is from the vapour.上车 get on write to ( 给而写)下车get off at(在哪里上车,下车用 at) write for(为而写)some (肯定句 ) any ( 否定句 )also ( 句中 ) too ( 肯定句句末) either( 否定句句末)walk straight 在第几层楼用介词 on 用序数词序数词前要加the=go straight +for + 时间如:on the first floor (second, third, fourth)在东南西
10、北用 of (east of / west of / north of / south of )问路方法:1. Excuse me , is there a near here?2. Excuse me , where is the ?3. Excuse me , how can I get to the ?4. Excuse me , can you tell me the way to the?问爱好:What is ' s hobby? (h obby的前面要用物主代词)What do / does like?I like +动词 ingMy hobby is W hat be
11、(am, is, are ).like?( 样子)What do / does like?(喜欢)What is the elephant like ? What does she like ?It is strong. She likes diving?goon foot go by bike=walk to =ride a bike=on one s(my , his , her ,their) bikego by bus/train/ship/subway go by plane=take a bus/ train/ ship / subway =go by air = fly toTh
12、ere be is +( 单数 )are+( 复数 )就近原则 There is a book and two pens on the desk.There are two pens and a book on the desk.in 在。里面in the pencil-case on 星期 / 日期用 on穿 in blue 节日前用 on用 in English泛指某一天的早/ 中下午 in the afternoon/ in the evening/ in themorning具体某一天的早/ 中/ 下午 on Sunday morning名词由单数变成复数的方法1. 一般情况下直接在名
13、词后面加 s.2. 以 s,x, sh, ch , 结尾的 , 加 es, 有的以 o 结尾加 es. (tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes3. 以辅音+y 结尾的,把 y 改为 i ,再力口 es. (baby -babies, story stories)4. 以 f,fe 结尾, 把 f,fe 改为 v, 再加 es.(shelf shelves,leaf-leaves)5. 不规则的:goose-geese foot-feet tooth teeth woman-womenman men child-children sheep-sheep Chinese-
14、Chinesefish fishan十元音音素开头a+辅音音素开头 (a university student)形容词的比较级( 此部分作为了解)1、一般情况下,在原词后加er.2、以不发音e 的结尾的单词,在原词后面加r.3、以重读闭音节,要双写末尾的字母,后加er.(hot hotter,thin thinner)4. 以辅音加 y 结尾,将 y 改为 i ,再加 er.(early earlier, heavy heavier)5、双音节或多音节词的比较级在词的前加more.(morebeautiful/interesting)6、物殊的:good/well-better much/ma
15、ny more bad worselittle worse far-farther缩写与完全形式:what s=what is he s=he is she s =she is who s =who is let s = let us I d=I would isn t = is not aren t= are not doesn t = does not don t = do not John s=John is反义词或对应词:old-new/young long short short-tall fat/strong-thinon-underbehind=in front of befor
16、e-after left-right right-wrong white blackbig-small begin over teacher-student boy-girl mother-fathergrandmother grandfather up-downtall=not short long=not short fat=not fatmany +(可数句词复数) ,some + ( 既可跟可数名复数也可跟不可数名词 ),much +(不可数名词 )how many /some/ a lot of/ many / 数字是2或以上的+(可数句词复数即 要力口 s或 es.)如何去选be或助动词do/does :看给出来的句子的动词,如果动词是原形 的,就选助动词do/does ,如果动词是ing的就选动词be。如 When she watchTV ?She watches TV at night. A. is B. do C. does (因为给出来的句子的动词watch是动词原形,所以我们就选助动词do或d
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