人教版八年级下现在完成时讲与练

1、人教版八年级下册现在完成时Unit8 :现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的，持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for （+时间段），since （+时间点或过去时的 句子）连用. for+ 时间段Mary has been 川 for three days.since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从 以来）I have lived here since 1998. since+时间段 +agoI have lived here since six years ago.since+从旬（过去时）I have lived here since I was born.

2、It is+ 时段 +since+从旬（过去时） It ' ssx years since I lived here.瞬间动词 （buy,die,join,come , go ,leave,join）不能直接与 for since 连用。要改变动词buy-have; borrow keep; come/arrive/reach/get tobe ingo out-be out ; leave -be away ; beginbe on ; finish-be over ;open-be open ; close be closed ; die-be dead 1.have 代替 buy

3、My brother has had（不能用 has bought） this bike for almost four years. 2、用 keep 或 have 代替 borrowI have kept（不能用 have borrowed） the book for quite a few days. 3、用 be 替代 becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用 have a cold 代替 catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、用 we

4、ar 代替 put onb）用“be形容词”表示一种状态，表延续性1、be + married 代 marry 2、be+ ill 代 fall （get） ill3、be+ dead 代 die 4、be+ asleep代 fall （get） asleep5、be+ awake 代 wake/wake up 6、be+ gone 代 lose,die,sell,leave7、be+ open 代 open 8、be closed 代 close/shut9、be+ missing（gone,lost）代 losec）用“be副词”表示一种状态，表延续性，代终止性动词1 "bek

5、on” 代 start,begin 2 "bek up” 代 get up3 "bek back（to） 代 return to,come back to,go back to4 "be here （there）代'come（arrive,reach,get） here 或 go （arrive,reach,get） there 等等 d）用“be介词短语”代终止性动词1. “be in/at 地点”代替 go to /come to2. 用 be in the army 代替 join the army3. “be in/at 她点”代替 move to

6、UNIT9 has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区另 Have/Has gone(to):去了(现在不在说话现场 )Where is your father ? He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to):去过(已不在去过的地方)My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in :呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)My father has been in Shanghai for two months . /since two months ago.现在完成时讲

7、解一.基本结构：助动词 have/has+过去分词(done)二.基本句型：否定句：主语 +have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语：Yes,主语 + have/has.信定)No,主语 + haven't/hasn't.。定)二.现在完成时的标志现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响 ，用以下四大标志词可以表达 这种含义：* 以 already, just和 yet 为标志He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚

8、看过这场电影。He hasn't come backyet.他还没有回来。* 以ever和never为标志This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。* 以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA three timesfc说他已经去过美国三次了。* 以so far （到目前为止）为标+beforeHe has got to Beijing so far.到目前为止他已到了北京。She has passe

9、d the examso far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。用法：现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money （so far）.（ 含义是：现在我没有钱花了 .）Guo zijun has （just/already） come.（ 含义： 郭子君现在在这儿）My father has gone to work.（含义是：我爸爸现在不在这儿 ）注意：1.现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,last week, threeyears ago 等；2）不能与 when 连用2.现在完成时往往同表示

10、不确定的过去时间状语连用现在完成时练习（一）A）选用 have, has*空：1.1 told him the news. 2.She come back from school.3 .You won the game.B）按要求改写下列各句：4 .They have bought a computer改成否定旬）5 .He has lost his book.（先改成一般疑问句，再作肯定与否定回答）现在完成时练习（二）一、单项选择1、 Both his parentslook sad . Maybe they what's happened to him （呼和浩特）A. knew

11、B . have known C . must know D .will know2、He has been to Shanghai , has he ?A. already B .never C .ever D. still3、Have you met Mr Li?A. just B . ago C .before D . a moment ago4、The famous writer one new book in the past two years .A. is writing B .was writing C .wrote D .has written5、 Our country a

12、 lot so far.Yes . I hope it will be even.A. has changed ; well B . changed ; goodC . has changed ; better D. changed ; better6. - -Where have you, Kate? -I've to the bank.A. gone, gone B. been, been C. gone, been D. been, gone7. Her grandfather for two years.A. died B. has died C. has been dead

13、D. has been died8. It's six weeks I met you last.A. when B. since C. before D. for9、We Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. know B . had known C . have known D. knew10、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I it twice .A. will see B . have seen C . saw D .see11、 His father the Party since 1978 .A.

14、 joined B . has joined C . was in D. has been in12、Do you know him well ?Sure .We friends since ten years ago .A. were B . have been C . have become D . have made13、How long have you here ?About two months .A. been B . gone C . come D. arrived14、Hurry up! The play for ten minutes .A. has begun B . h

15、ad begunC . has been on D . began15、 It ten years since he left the army .A. is B . has C . will D . was16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she to the library .A .has gone B . went C .will go D. has been17、My parents Shandong for ten years .A. have been in B . have been toC . have gone to D . h

16、ave been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so they B. don ' t they C. have they D. haven ' t they19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, gotC. How long, came D. How far, arrived20、His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has co

17、me hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university二、句型转换。1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句）2、They have been here since 2000.X（划线部分提问） they been here?3、 The old man last year. He for a year. （die）（动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.（义旬转换）This factory for twenty years.5、

18、Miss Gao left an hour ago.何义句转换）Miss Gaoan hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years（.同义句） Her mother the Party three years.7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago.M义旬转换） two years the Green family moved to France.8、 The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago批两个句子合并成个句子 ）三、汉译英。1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了2、他昨天收到一封信3、我父亲以前到过长城。4、她还没有看过那部新电影。5、她去过上海。6、他这些天上哪儿去了?参考答案：一、单项选择。1-5 BBCDC 6-10 BCBCB 11-15 DBACA 16-20 AADCC二句型转换。1 has he? 2 How long 3 died, has been dead4 has been open 5 has been away 6 joined； ago7 I