宾语从句 (5)

1、 学习目标n了解宾语从句的概念。n掌握宾语从句的三要素：引导词，语序和时态。一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语 作宾语。作宾语。 I like my teacher.（名词作宾语（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语）（代词作宾语） I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）句子作宾语） She a

2、sked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语）句子作宾语） We dont know who he is looking for. (句子作宾语）句子作宾语）n1. I like English.2. I understand what he said.3. The bike is new.4. Can you tell me where the Summer Palace is?n我发现：_和_为简单句; _和_为宾语从句。宾语从句的定义：在复合句中充当_叫做宾语从句。你能辨别出下列句子，那些为简单句？那些为宾语从句？1324主句宾语的句子主句宾语的句子 宾语从句

3、三要素n引导词（连接词）n语 序n时 态 根据汉语意思，填宾语从句的引导词。根据汉语意思，填宾语从句的引导词。 1. I am afraid you are right. (无意义无意义)2. Tom doesnt know _his grandpa liked the present.（是否）（是否）3.He asked me _to go there or not .（是否）（是否）4. You can find out she is lonely without you.（是否）（是否）5. He asked _could answer the question. (谁谁)6. Plea

4、se tell me _we will have a meeting. （什么时候）（什么时候）7. Can you tell me _ he is . （在哪儿）（在哪儿） 8. Could you tell me _I should go to the station.（怎么）（怎么）9. Could you tell me _ the train was late.（为什么）（为什么）thatif/whetherwhetherwhetherwhowhenwherehowwhy（一）宾语从句的引导词。（一）宾语从句的引导词。n小结：1连词_，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义

5、，在口语中常被省略。n2连词_ 或_，起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，译为“是否”，表疑问或选择。不可省略。n 3连接代词who, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。 不可省略。 thatifwhetherIf 与whether 的区别1. I dont know _ he will come or not.2. I dont care of _ he is handsome.3. He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4. _ he will c

6、ome is not decided. 与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whether(二二) 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序 I dont know. Where does he come from?I dont know Wherehe comes from.小结：宾语从句的语序是_语序，即“引导词+_语+_语+其它成分”。 主主陈述句陈述句谓谓观察以上九个句子，总结宾语从句的语序。观察以上九个句子，总结宾语从句的语序。将下列句子换成陈述句语序将下列

7、句子换成陈述句语序 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on the earth or on the moon? 3. Are they doing homework? 4. Does he like China? 5. Did they come home? 6. Has she been to Beijing? 7. Will you come to my party?仔细观察下列各句，发现错误并改正n1.Do you know what is the boy doing?n2.The teacher asked what they were doin

8、g.n3.Please tell me how do you go to school.n4.Do you know where does Tom live?n5.I am not sure if it will rain tomorrow.n6.Could you tell me why are they late? n7.Could you tell me what happened to you?n8.Could you tell me what was the matter with her?Do you knowwhat is wrong with Jim?which is the

9、way to “Tianya Haijiao”?who teaches you PE?who is searching for the robber?Who is singing?当当what, who, which在从句中做主语时，在从句中做主语时，从句的语序不变。从句的语序不变。（ 三三 ）宾语从句的）宾语从句的时态时态(时态一致性）时态一致性）主句用现在时态，从句时态根据情况定主句用现在时态，从句时态根据情况定。主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。nI know he is a teacher.nI know he was a teacher t

10、hree years ago.nI know he has been a teacher for 3 yearsnI know he will be a teacher after graduation.nI knew he was a teachernI knewhe was a teacher three years ago.nI knew he had been a teacher for 3 years.nI knew he would be a teacher after graduation.nHe told me the earth moves around the sun.宾语

11、从句是客观事实、科学真理时，不管主句的宾语从句是客观事实、科学真理时，不管主句的时态如何，从句都用时态如何，从句都用一般现在时一般现在时。用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空n1. I hear Tom _( leave) for Beijing yesterday.n2. I hear Tom _already_ (leave) for Beijing.n3. I hear Tom _ (leave) for Beijing in two days.lefthasleftwill leave用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空n4 Ann said she _(wash) h

12、er face every day.n5.Ann said she _(go) to the park yesterday.n6.Ann said she _(watch) TV now .n7.Ann said she _(go) to school tomorrow.n8.Ann said she _(see) the film before.n 9.The teacher told us the earth_(move) around the sun.washedwentwas watchingwould gohad seenmoves（四）、宾语从句与简单句的转换（四）、宾语从句与简单

13、句的转换n当宾语从句有连接词当宾语从句有连接词when , where, which, what 等引导时，可转化为连接等引导时，可转化为连接词词+动词不定式形式。（动词不定式形式。（“是否是否”只能只能用用whether）将下列句子改为简单句将下列句子改为简单句1. I want to know when we are going to leave.I want to know when to leave.2.He doesnt know if he will go to school tomrrow. I wonder when to do it.3.I wonder when I sho

14、uld do it. They didnt know where to go.4.They didnt know where they could go. He doesnt know whether to go to school tomrrow.(五五)、宾语从句如何变一般疑问句，、宾语从句如何变一般疑问句，否定句。否定句。n1.I understand what he said.nDo you understand what he said?n I dont understand what he said.n 2.I think that he is right.n Do you thi

15、nk that he is right.n I dont think he is right.n观察总结：宾语从句变一般疑问句和否定句都观察总结：宾语从句变一般疑问句和否定句都要看要看 。n 注意：动词注意：动词 存在否定转移现象。存在否定转移现象。主句主句think训练：训练：n把下面含有宾语从句的句子变成一般疑问句，否定句。nI know he has already come back.n n He says he will pass the exam next time.n n n把下面两句合并为一句。n My friend doesnt like that dog. I think.

16、n Do you know he has come back yet?I dont know he has come back yet.Does he say he will pass the exam next time ?He doesnt say he will pass the exam next time.I dont think my friend likes that dog.宾语从句专项练习宾语从句专项练习v1.连接词角度v( ) 1 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that( )

17、 2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where( ) 3 I hardly understand._ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who( ) 4 She didnt know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be( ) 5 I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years. A.

18、whether B where C. what D.when( ) 6 Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how( ) 7 He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose宾语从句专项练习宾语从句专项练习2 时态一致性时态一致性 ( ) 1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D.

19、 will take( ) 2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been( ) 3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation（听写测试） today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are( ) 4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could

20、C. she can D. she may( ) 5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled宾语从句专项练习宾语从句专项练习3陈述句语序角度( ) 1.They dont know _their parents are. A that B what C why D who( ) 2.Please tell me _ last year. A.where does your sister work B where did your sister

21、 work C where your sister works D where your sister worked( ) 3.She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it( ) 4. You must remember _. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother sai

22、dn( ) 5 Did you know _? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking aftern( ) 6 Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 1. I dont know

23、come tomorrow or not. A. if will he B. whether he will C. whether will he D. if he will 2. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help?A. how did he mend B. what did he mendC. how he mended D. what he mended3. Could you tell me _ spend so much money?A. what should I B. how I should C. how should

24、I D. what I should4. Can you tell me _ A. who knows the answer B. who does know the answer C. who know the answer D. who does the answer know 5. Miss Li wants to know _ next week.A. when my uncle leaves B. when will my uncleC. where my uncle will stay D. where does my uncle stay选择题选择题BCBACAre you happy now? Lets summary. 1.完善宾语从句的笔记完善宾语从句的笔记2.完成宾语从句十道单选完成宾语从句十道单选 1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3.Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4.I hear they _