表语从句 - 表语从句

1、表语从句 一定义： 表语从句就是在句中作表语的从句。The problem is when we can get a pay rise.二 连接表语从句的连接词有：1.附属连词 that和whether【注意】whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句,that和whether在表语从句中不作任何成分，that无具体意义，whether有“是否的意义。The fact is that he doesnt really try. 事实是他没有做真正的努力。The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我把他的地址丢

2、了。My suggestion is that we should tell him. 我的建议是我们应该告诉他。His sole requirement was (is) that the system work. 他唯一的要求是这个制度能起作用。My idea is that we should start making preparations right now. 我的意见是我们马上就开始做准备工作。The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。2.who,whom,whose,what,which,who

3、ever,whomever,whosrever,whatever,whichever等连接代词引导You are not who I thought you were. 你已不是我过去所想像的人。The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。The question is who (m) we should trust. 问题是我们应当相信谁。What I want to know is which road we should take. 我想知道的是我们应走哪条路。Thats what I want to stre

4、ss. 这是我想强调的。Thats what we are here for. 我们来这里就为了这个。3. 由连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等引导The problem is how we can find him. 问题是我们如何找到他。That was when I was fifteen. 这是我15岁时发生的事。Thats where I first met her. 那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。Thats why he didnt come. 这就是他没有来的缘故。Thats why I object to

5、 the plan. 这就是我反对这个方案的原因。Thats where you are wrong. 这就是你不对的地方。He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的他了4 其他连接词，如as if ,as though, as, like, because等It isnt as if you were going away for ever. 又不是你离开不回来了。Now it was as though she had known Millie for years. 现在好似她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。It is not as though we were

6、poor. 又不是我们家里穷。It is because I love you too much. 那是因为我太爱你了。Thats because you cant appreciate music. 这是因为你不能欣赏音乐。It's because I passed a slip of paper for John to Helen in class. 这是因为我在上课中替约翰传纸条给海伦。【注意】because 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的since, as, for等也不用于引导表语从句。附属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般

7、为系动词be，seem，look等。如：It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。三 注意：A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外。False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.Right: The

8、 question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.C 不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.D that在表语从句中不可以省掉。Ereason作主语时的表语从句中的连接词要用t

9、hat而不用why或because.The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drunk. (这么严重的交通事故完全是由于司机太粗心，喝酒太多而造成的)F.表语从句中的虚拟语气。当主句的主语是advice ,suggestion ,order, request, requirement 等名词时，表语从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，即谓语一律用“(should+)动词原形。My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about

10、this matter instead of just laying it aside. (我的建议就是我们应该讨论一下这个问题，而不是把它放在一边) 四表语从句的根本用法 1be+表语从句。2其他连系动词stay, keep, remain, get, become, seem ，go, look , sound, taste, smell, feel+表语从句.。如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语) The scissors are

11、 not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语) It looks as if it is going to rain. (看来要下雨了) What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语， that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)That is why she failed

12、to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语)注意： “That is why.是常用句型， 意为“这就是的原因/因此， 其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语， 该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结， 又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感惊讶，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。 That is why I came. 这就是我来的

13、原因。下面是两个与“That is why.形式相似的结构， 它们与“That is why.结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚： (1)“That is why.与“That is the reason why.同义， 只不过从语法结构上讲， “That is the reason why.中why引导的是个定语从句， 将其中的the reason去掉那么与“That is why.结构一样， 例如： That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由。(2)“That is because.句型中附属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表

14、语，这也是个常用句型， 意为“这就是为什么/因为。“That is because.与“That is why.之间的不同在于“That is because.指原因或理由， “That is why.那么指由于各种原因所造成的后果， 例如： He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影， 那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果， 第二句话说明原因)He had seen the film befor

15、e. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看过那部电影， 因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果)经典考题分析:考题1 The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed to make us do so. (2007上海) A. when B. why C. whether D. that答案 D解析 下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句， 如果看不出它是充当整个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的意思。因此， 应选择可引导

16、名词性从句且不充当任何成分的that。考题2 You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. (2004) A. why B. where C. what D. how答案 B解析 下划线处的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语(“disagree属于不及物动词， “I disagree本身是完整的主谓结构)， 下划线应填入引导词where， 表语从句“where I disagree的意思是“我不同意之处、 我不同意的地方。考题3 I drove to Zhuhai for

17、 the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? (1999) A. why B. when C. what D. where答案 A解析 下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当原因状语， 下划线应填入表示“因此(指因某种原因所造成的结果)的引导词why。考题4 _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. (2000上海) A. What; why B. That ;

18、what C. What; because D. Why; that答案 A解析 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语， 特指她所不理解的事情， 应填入关系代词型的引导词what； 第二个下划线处表示“因此(指因某种原因所造成的后果，由why引导对应的名词性从句)而不是“为什么(指原因、 理由， 由because引导对应的名词性从句)， 应填入引导词why。考题5 _ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. (2003上

19、海春)A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because答案 B解析 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主语， 特指令校方骄傲的事情， 应选用关系代词型的引导词what； 第二个下划线处引导表语从句表示原因、 理由， 应由that引导对应的名词性从句。考题6 Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? Oh, thats _. (2003北京春)A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited

20、 aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited答案 A解析 A选项的意思是“令我感觉冲动的事物； B选项的意思是“我觉得冲动的任何事物； C选项的意思是“我对它感觉的方式； D选项的意思是“令我感觉冲动的时间。四个选项中A最适合跟代表“game的主语that对应， 充当表语从句。根底练习:：I.用适当的词填空:1He was late for school. That was _he got up late2The reason why he was late for school is _he got up late.3. China

21、isnt _ she used to be4. The question is _ you didnt do that in time. 答案:because ，that ，what ，that项选择:1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your

22、 coat. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether 6. The reason is _I missed the bu

23、s. A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked _ she were ten years younger. A. that  B. like C. as    D. as though9.I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much. A. why B. when C. what D. because 10. The

24、 reason why he hasnt come is _. A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mothers being illC. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12. That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. whyth

25、at/what的区别1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are2. The trouble is _ we are short of tools. A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ . A. what it used to be B. what it was used to being C. what it used to being D. what it was used to be 5. _he really means is _he disagree