暖通空调论文

1、暖通空调专业简介我所学专业是建筑环境与设备工程。一开始对此专业毫不了解，通过对各种专业课的学习，逐渐了解了该专业的主要研究领域。本专业培养具备室内环境设备系统及建筑公共设施系统的设计、安装调试、运行管理及国民经济各部门所需的特殊环境的研究开发的基础理论知识及能力，能在设计研究院、建筑工程公司、物业管理公司及相关的科研、生产、教学等单位从事工作的高级工程技术人才。主要课程有：工程热力学、传热学、流体力学、建筑环境学机械设计基础、自动控制原理、流体输配管网、热质交换原理与设备、建筑给排水工程、建筑电气、空调技术、制冷技术、供热工程、设备自动化、锅 炉及锅炉房设备、工业通风、建筑设备自动化、建筑电气

2、、高层民用建筑空调设计、燃气工程、建筑设 备工程预算等。其中暖通方向是发展较为完备并且十分重要的区域。在北方，冬季需要供暖，涉及暖通。暖通在学科分类中的全称为供热供燃气通风及空调工程，包括：采暖、通风、空气调节这三个方面，从功能上说是建筑的一个组成部分。暖通的英文缩写HVAC（Heating,Ventilating and Air Conditioning）。暖通空调是分户的中央空调，中央空调它最大特点，是能够创造一种舒适的室内环境。 而家居一般的分体的空调，它只能解决冷暖问题，而解决不了空气处理过程。现在，有了暖通空调就 不一样了。现在这个空气处理过程它有以下这些过程：首先是空气进来以后，除

3、了引进新风以外，可以把空气进行冷却处理， 然后就进行过滤处理， 过滤处理以后，增加了几大特点：第一就增加电子除尘器.， 它主要可以捕捉非常小的颗粒的灰尘，一般来讲它可以捕捉一个微米的灰尘，而这个灰尘的范围内大部分都是细菌、病毒、烟尘，或者是异味这样就都可以过滤掉；另外就是会增加一种加湿设备，这个力卩湿器可以创造我们房间的加湿达到40%左右的相对湿度，这样人会感到很舒适。在我国的建筑行业，一 直以“建筑设计院”牵头。 一个建筑项目确立之后， 首先由某个建筑设计院进行总体设计。建筑的总体设计包括许多分项，一般如下：建筑设计，结构设计，基础设计，电力（强、弱电）设计， 给排水设计，暖通设计，配套园林

4、绿化景观设计等等。暖通设计（如果该项目需要）是指该项目中的 所需要的“空气调节系统”简称“空调系统”。一般“空调系统”包括制冷供暖系统，新风系统，排风（排油烟）系统等的综合设计。 所以说“暖通”从功能上说是建筑的一个组成部分。从建筑设计来 说，他是建筑设计的一个分项。并不是单指“空调”。需要说明的一点是：“空调”在一个建筑中可能是“中央空调系统”，也可能是“中央空调与独立空调的混合系统”，也可能全部是“独立空调的 系统”。一切根据建筑的功能以及投资者的意向和实际需要而定。空调是用人为的方法处理室内空气的温度、湿度、洁净度和气流速度的系统。可使某些场所获得具有一定温度、湿度和空气质量的空气，以满

5、足使用者及生产过程的要求和改善劳动卫生和室内气候条件。按空气处理设备的集中程度划分为以下几类：一、集中空调系统。所有空气处理设备（风 机、过滤器、加热器、冷却器、加湿器、减湿器和制冷机组等）都集中在空调机房内，空 气处理后，由风管送到各空调房里。这种空调系统热源和冷源也是集中的。它处理空气量调机房的空气处理设备，仅处理一部分空气，另外在分散的各空调房间内还有空气处理设 备。它们或对室内空气进行就地处理，或对来自集中处理设备的空气进行补充再处理。诱 导系统、风机盘管+新风系统就是这种半集中式空调系统的典型例子。三、局部式空调系统。此系统是将空气处理设备全部分散在空调房间内，因此局部式空调系统又称

6、为分散式 空调系统。通常使用的各种空调器就属于此类。空调器将室内空气处理设备、室内风机等 与冷热源与制冷剂输出系统分别集中在一个箱体内。分散式空调只向室内输送冷热载体，而风在房间内的风机盘管内进行处理。按采用新风量的划分为：一、直流式系统。又称全 新风空调系统。空调器处理的空气为全新风，送到各房间进热湿交换后全部排放到室外， 没有回风管。这种系统卫生条件好，能耗大，经济性差，用于有有害气体产生的车间。实 验室等。二、闭式系统。空调系统处理的空气全部再循环，不补充新风的系统。系统能耗 小，卫生条件差，需要对空气中氧气再生和备有二氧化碳吸式装置。如用于地下建筑及潜 艇的空调等。三、混合式系统。空调

7、器处理的空气由回风和新风混合而成。它兼有直流式 和闭式的优点，应用比较普遍，如宾馆、剧场等场所的空调系统。正是由于我们专业的存在，并一直努力设计创新更多更好的设备以供调节改善人们的 生活环境以及生活方式，提高人们的生活水平。城镇建筑环境的供暖、通风、空调及制冷系统安 装、调试及运行管理需要我们的存在，建筑电气的设计业需要我们的协助。为了创造更好的生活舒适度，我们一直在奋斗着，努力发展我们的专业，进行更深入的研究，希望能创造出更美好的明天。我也要努力学习跟多的专业知识，希望毕业后成为设备工程师，创造出更优越的生活环境。Hvac professi onal in troducti onWhat I

8、 lear ned is professi onal con struct ion environment and equipme nt engin eeri ng. A bega n the process ofprofessional knew nothing, through various major area of study, came to know the professional the main research field. Thisspecialized raise has the equipme nt system and in door environment co

9、n structi on of the public facilities system design,installation, and operation management of the sectors of the national economy and the special environment of the researchand developme nt of the basic theory of kno wledge and ability, can in desig n in stitute, construction engineering company,pro

10、perty management company and the correlation of scientific research, producti on, teach ing, and other un its en gaged inthe work of the senior engin eeri ng and tech ni cal pers onn el. Main course: engin eeri ng thermody namics, heat tran sfer andfluid mecha nics, mecha ni cal desig n, buildi ng e

11、nvironment based automatic con trol prin ciple, fluid pipeli ne n etwork, heat大，运行可靠，便于管理和维修，但机房占地面积大、半集中空调系统。集中在空and mass tran sfer prin ciple and equipme nt, buildi ng water supply and dra in age engin eeri ng, buildi ng electric, air con ditioning tech no logy, refrigeratio n tech no logy, heat i

12、ng engin eeri ng, equipme nt automati on, boiler and boiler roomequipme nt, i ndustrial ven tilati on, con struct ion equipment automation, building electrical, high civil buildings airconditioning design, gas engineering, con structi on equipme nt engin eeri ng budget, etc. Among them is the develo

13、pme ntdirect ion of hvac more complete and importa nt areas. In the north, the win ters n eed heat ing, in volves the hvac.In the subject classification of the heating, ventilation and heat supply called gas air conditioning project, including:heating, ventilation, air conditioning these three aspec

14、ts,from the function of the building is a part. HVAC the abbreviation ofHVAC (Heat ing, Ven tilat ing and Air Co nditio nin g).In dividual hvac is the cen tral air con diti oning, the cen tral air con diti oning it biggest characteristic, is able to create akind of comfortable in door environment. A

15、nd the gen eral of the air con diti oning does household, it can solve the problemchanges in temperature, and can not solve the air treatment process. Now, with the air con diti oning is not the same. Now theair treatme nt process it has the follow ing these process: first is the air in later, i n a

16、dditi on to in troduce outside air, can putthe air for cooli ng treatme nt, the n filteri ng process ing, filteri ng process ing after, i ncrease a few major characteristics: firstin creases electr onic precipitator., it basically can capture very small particles of dust, i n gen eral it can capture

17、 a micron ofdust, and the dust with in the scope of the most are bacteria, viruses, smoke, or is peculiar smell so that it can filter out; Another is to in crease a humidify ing equipme nt, the diffuser can create our room humidifyi ng reached about 40% relativehumidity, so that people will feel ver

18、y comfortable. In our coun trys con struct ion in dustry, has bee n to the architecturaldesig n in stitute lead. An architectural project after establishment, the first by a architectural design institute in overall design.Con structi on of the overall desig n in cludi ng many breakdow n, gen eral a

19、s follows: architectural desig n, structure desig n,the foun dati on desig n, power (str ong, ba) desig n, water supply and drain age desig n, hvac desig n, match ing garde nafforestati on Ian dscape desig n, and so on. Hvac desig n (if the project n eed) is to point to the project of the n eed air

20、conditi oning system here in after referred to as air con diti oning system. Gen eral air con diti oning system in cludi ng cooling heat ing system, fresh air system, and exhaust (plato on lampblack) system and the in tegrated desig n. So say hvac fromthe fun cti on of the buildi ng is a part. From

21、the architecture desig n for, he is building design of a breakdown. And not onlyrefers to air conditioning. Need to say that point is: air con diti oning in a buildi ng may be the cen tral air con diti oningsystem, also may be cen tral air con diti oning and in depe ndent air-c on diti oning mixing

22、system, may also are all i ndependent air-c on diti oning system. Accord ing to the function of the buildi ng and all the intent of the in vestors and the actualrequires.Air con diti oning is for the method to deal with the in door air temperature, humidity, clea nli ness and airflow velocityof the

23、system. Can make for some places with certa in temperature, humidity and air quality air, to meet the requireme nts ofthe users and the product ion process and improve labor health and in door climate con diti ons. According to the airtreatment equipment concentration is divided into the following c

24、ategories: a, central air conditioning system. All airtreatment equipment (fan, filters, heater, cooler, humidifier, minus the wet and refrigerati on un it, etc.) are concen trated inthe air con diti oner, air han dli ng, the duct to all the air con diti oning. This kind of air-conditioning system h

25、eat source andcold source is concentrated. It handles the air quantity, reliable operati on, easy to man ageme nt and maintenance, butcomputer room covers an area of big. Two and a half, cen tral air con diti oning system. Concen trati on in the air con diti oningroom air treatme nt equipme nt, only

26、 deal with part of the air, and in the scattered the air-c on diti oned room in the and airtreatme nt equipme nt. They or in in door air for in situ treatme nt, or on the air treatme nt equipme nt from compleme nt todeal with. I nductio n system, fan coil + fresh air system is the half the typical e

27、xample of central air-conditioning systems.Three, local type air con diti oning system. This system is will air treatme nt equipme nt in air con diti oning room all scattered,so local type air con diti oning system called distributed air con diti oning system. Usually use a variety of air con diti o

28、ner willbel ong to such. Air con diti oner will in door air treatme nt equipme nt, i ndoor fan and cooli ng and heat sources and refrigerants output system, concen trated in a box in vivo. Distributed only to in door air conveying cold heat carrier, and the winds inthe room of the fan tube plate for

29、 process ing. Accord ing to the new air is divided in to: a, straight stream ing system. Alsocalled smoke-expelli ng air con diti oning system. Air con diti oner process ing of air to all the fresh air, to all the room into hotwet after excha nge all discharged outside, not back to duct. This system

30、 health con diti ons, a lot of en ergy, economy is poor,used to have harmful gas produce workshop. LABS, etc. Second, close system. Air conditioning system treatment all airrecycling, not added the new system. System energy con sumpti on is small, poor san itati on, n eed to air oxyge n in the regenerati on and have carb on dioxide sucti on style device. As for an un dergro und buildi ng and submari ne air con diti oning.Three, the