如何掌握英语口语中的语调

1、Rhythm语调Definition: Regular occurrence of stressed syllables, no matter whether it is separated by unstressed syllables or not. Stress-timed lang. sentence stress, rhythmic unit stressedHe usually reads in the evening.How to dividing rhythm unit (sense group) -unstressed syllable + stressed: Im goin

2、g home -unstressed is part of the stressed word:Go home going home Im going home -grammatical related:Give it to John.Hes older than me.For EFL: not stress every word, quicken/weaken unstressed, highlight stressed, linking, pausing Great Progress is made daily. The boy is interested in enlarging his

3、 vocabulary. She dressed. and fed the baby. She wouldve liked to have gone to the movie. She attends the University of Maryland.节奏Rhythm语言教学专家(Ledru-Menot，1957; Gassin，1990； 转引自Orton Jane，2000）指出，导致许多第二语言学习者失败的原因正是他们没有正确地掌握目的语的节奏，同时又受到他们的母语节奏的干扰。英语是一种节奏性很强的语言, 英语的节奏依赖于重读音节和非重读音节的更替。英语的句重音是话语节奏结构的基础，

4、“重音是由时间来控制的，不管实际上重音之间有多少个音节，说话者都要调整其话语，以确保重读音节能及时地按节拍发出”（Orton Jane，2000），也就是说，句中的重音总在大致相等的时距出现, 英语因此被列为“重音节拍语言”(stress-timed language)。每个英语句子所出现的一系列音节都有轻重、长短、快慢等有规律的更替。在说话和朗读时，重读音节要读得重一些、长一些、慢一些，因此显得清楚、响亮。非重读音节要读得轻一些、短一些、快一些，因此听起来不那么清楚、响亮。重音多的语句花的时间长，重音少的语句花的时间短；两个音节数不同的句子，只要重音数相同，念的时间大致相同, 例如:三个句子

5、的节奏模式分别表示如下(·为非重读音节，O为重读音节):I think he wants to go.· O · O · OI think that he wants us to go.· O · · O · · OI think it was an excellent affair.· O · · · O· · · O由此可见，各句的非重读音虽然不同，但由于重音数相等，三句的读音时间是一致的。只有这样，才能产生美的节奏。在朗读英语诗歌

6、时，按照这样的规则朗读就能体会诗歌强烈的节奏美。汉语语音结构中重要的是声调，带有声调的音节有音高和音长的变化，但音长的变化没有英语明显。汉语句子朗读的时间长短由音节数来决定，音节长的词用的时间长，音节短的词用的时间短。所以，汉语是以音节计时的(syllable-timed)语言。中国学生在英语口语和朗读过程中，体现出非常典型的音节节拍语言(syllable-timed language)的节奏特点(陈桦，2006)，喜欢将每个音节、每个词读得清楚，不能体现英语的节奏之美。Exercise 1 O OCome here. Sit down. Quite right. No, thanks. Pl

7、ease do. No good. Thats true. No more. Whos that? What for?Exercise 2 O·OTry again. Not enough. Show me yours. Do it now. Whats it for? What is that? Thats a lie. Go to sleep. Take it home. Time for bed. Exercise 3 ·O·OI think so. Id like to. Of course not. She had to. With pleasure.

8、Its broken. Im sorry. Without me. At breakfast. In winter.Exercise 4 ·O··I think it is. Id like you to. A lot of it. A friend of mine Ive paid for it. It used to be. He wants us to. Its possible.Exercise 5 O··OReading aloud Send him away. Throw it away. Give me a ring. Beaut

9、iful girl Leave it alone. What have you done?Hardly enough. What is the time? What did you do? Do it again.Exercise 6 ·O···To satisfy them. I gave it to her. Its necessary. We had to do it.A beautiful one. Ive written to them. I know what it is.Exercise 7 ·O·OI think he

10、 might. I want to know. Its quite all right.She took it off. It all for you. He locked the door.A waste of time. He had to go. Id love to help.Exercise 8 ·O··OI wanted to know. I think he might. Ill finish it now.She asked me to go. Im glad you have come.It used to be mine You promise

11、d to write.Its started to rain.Exercise 9 O···OPut it on the floor. Tell me all you know. Waiting for the train. Dont be such a fool. Hoping that hell come. Clean it with a brush. What about a drink?Exercise 10 ·O···OI think it will be fine. I wanted you to know.Th

12、eres isnt any need. It difficult to learn.We promise to be good. Ive heard of it before.You ought to go to bed. I didnt know the way.Exercise 11 ·O·O·I think he wants to. I want to meet him. I like it better.They want another. She has to practise. Its time fro supper.I dont believe yo

13、u. Shes gone out shopping. He left on Monday.Exercise 12 ·O··O··He started to talk to me. Ive borrowed another one.Repeat it again for me. A letter from Germany.He hasnt yet paid for it. The price has gone up again.Theyve all gone on holiday.Exercise 13 ·O··&#

14、183;O···I want you to write about it. Its not the one I borrowed from you. I didnt think it interesting. She doesnt want to talk about you. I think he did it beautifully.Exercise 14 O····OThroe it into the fire. Opposite the hotel.Bury it in the ground. Show me wha

15、t you have done.Tell her not to be late. Ready to go away.Exercise 15 ·O·O·OI think he wants to go. Its not the one I want.It isnt quite the same. I cant believe its true.I hope you understand. He goes to work on foot.It doesnt matter much. He practiced every day.Exercise 16 ·O&#

16、183;·O··OI think that he wants us to go. It isnt the same as before. Ive written the letter in French. The office is open at nine. Perhaps you can ring her tonight. I wanted to meet him again.Exercise 17 ·O···O···OI dont suppose youll understand my p

17、oint.We finished it the day before he came.Well fetch you in a car in half an hour.I shouldnt be surprised if they forgot.Exercise 18 ·O·O·O·I think he wants to go there. We ought to give an answer.Hes never very punctual. Id like to have another.Ive got to do some shopping. Your

18、e looking smart this morning. He studies every morning.Exercise 19 ·O··O··O··I think that he wants us to take him there.Remember to get me another one.The ambulance took him to hospital.September is best for a holiday.You must have it ready by Saturday.Exercise 20 O··O··O··When are you going