初一下册英语知识点归纳总结.doc

1、初一下册英语知识点归纳总结Unit 1 Wheres your pen pal from?一、词组be from= e form 来自pen pal=pen friend 笔友 like and dislike 好恶;爱憎。live in +地点 在居住 speak +语言 讲某种语言 play sports 做体育运动a little French 一些法语go to the movies 去看电影 write to sb 给某人写信an action movie 一部动作片 on weekends 在周末tell sb about sth 告诉某人某事E_cuse me 对不起，打扰 ge

2、t to 到达、抵达。二、句型1、Where+be+主语+from? 主语+be+from+地点.2、Where do/does+主语+live? 主语+live/lives in3、What language do/does +主语+speak? 主语+speak/speaks.4、主语+like/likes+doing/to do5.What is your favorite subject/sport? My favorite subject/sport is6.Its fun.7.Is that your new pen pal? Yes, it is.Unit 2 Wheres th

3、e post office一、词组post office 邮局 pay phone 投币式公用电话 ne_t to 在隔壁 across from 在对面in front of 在前面 betweenand在和之间 on a street 在街上in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右边/在左边 behind在后面on Green street 在格林街上 near在附近 go straight 一直走 wele to 欢迎enjoy+名词/doing喜欢做某事 have fun 过得愉快 play +the+乐器 弹奏乐器on ones rig

4、ht/left在某人的右边/左边 turn right/left 向右/左转 take a walk 散步have fun 玩得开心 the way to 去的路 let sb do sth 让某人做某事take a ta_i 打的/乘出租车go down(along)沿着走 go through穿过.have a good trip 旅途愉快 arrive at(小地方) /in(大地方)到达 at the beginning of 在开始的时候 at the end of 在结束的时候 hope to do sth/that/for sth二、日常交际用语。1、Is there a ban

5、k near here? Yes, there is .Its on Centre Street./No, there isnt.2、Wheres the supermarket? Its ne_t to the library.3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.4、I hope you have a good trip.5.If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.6、Talk a walk though the park.7.I know you are arriving

6、ne_t Sunday.我知道你下周日要来。三、句型。1、Is there a .?句型Eg:-E_cuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood.-Yes, there is.No.there isnt2、Where is ?句型Eg:-Where is the park,please? -Its behind the bank.(肯定回答)-Im sorry I dont know.(否定回答)3、Which is the way to +地点? 句型.例如： - Which is the way to the library.4、How can

7、I get to +地点?句型.例如： -How can I get to the restaurant?5、Can you tell me the way to +地点?句型.例 - Can you tell me the way to the post office?6、Let me tell you the way to my house.7、Just go straight and turn left.Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?一、词组want to do sth .想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 want sth 想要

8、某物Let sb do sth 让某人做某事 kind of 有几分种类 a kind of 一种years old 年龄like to do sth 喜欢做某事 like doing sthplay with 与一起玩 during the day 在白天 at night 在夜间have a look at.看onethe other 一个另一个二、句型与日常交际用语。1、-why do you like pandas?/ -Why dose he like koalas? -Because theyre very cure.2.Why do you want to see the lio

9、ns? Because theyre 3、-Where are lions from? -Lions are from South Africa.4、-What (other) animals do you like? -I like elephants.other+ 名词的复数.表示没有特定的数量范围the other+名词的复数表示有特定的数量范围.5.-Do you like giraffes? Yes, I do./ No, I dontUnit 4 I want to be an actor.一、词组want to be+a/an+职业 想要成为shop assistant店员ban

10、k clerk银行职员work with 与一起工作 help sb (to) do sth/sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 as作为work hard 努力工作work for 为。而工作work as 作为。而工作get.from从.获得give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物给某人 in the day 在白天at night 在夜间talk to /with 与讲话go out to dinners 外出吃饭in a hospital 在医院newspaper reporter报社记者movie actor 电影演员二、句型1.-What do/does+

11、某人+do?例-What do you do?-Im a student./-What dose he do? Hes a teacher.2-What do/does+某人+want to be?例：What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher.3.-Where does your sister work? -She works in a hospital.4.-Does he work in the hospital? Yes, he does/No, he doesnt5.-Does she work late? -Yes, she doe

12、s/No, she doesnt6.-英语中询问职业的几种表达方式：What do/does do?/What is? What is your fathers job? /Whats ones job?Unit 5 Im watching TV.一、词组do ones homework 做家庭作业watch TV 看电视 eat dinner 吃饭;就餐clean the room 打扫房间 talk on the phone 电话聊天 sound +形容词 听起来 thanks for+n/doing为某事感谢某人 go shopping/swimming去购物/游泳 at the poo

13、l 在游泳池read newspaper/a book 看报纸/看书go to the movies 看电影write a letter 写信wait for 等待;等候talk about 谈论。play basketball/soccer/ 打篮球/踢足球take photos 拍照TV show 电视节目Some of中的一些a photo of my family 我的家庭照at school 在学校be with 和。一起in the tree 在树上 in the first/last photo在第一张/最后一张照片 with sb 和某人在一起二、句型与日常交际用语1.-Wha

14、t+be+主语+doing? .正在做什么? -主语+be doing。 正在做某事。3.-Here are/is例：Here are some of my photos.Here is a photo of my family.1.-Do you want to go to the movies? Sure.2.-When do you want to go? Lets go at seven.3.-Where do people play basketball? At school.4.-Whats he waiting for?-Hes waiting for a bus.5.-What

15、s he reading? Hes reading a newspaper.6.You can see my family at home.Can +do(动词原形) 可以四、语法：现在进行时1)现在在进行时的形式是：助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式(也叫现在分词)，表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。2)现在进行时的肯定句形式 主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他 Im watching TV.3)现在进行时的否定句形式 主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他They are not playing soccer.4)现在进行时

16、的一般疑问句形式及回答 Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他?Yes,主语+is/am/are.No,主语+isnt/arent/am not.Are you reading? Yes,I am.No,I am not.5) 现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他? 例:What is your brother doing?小学五年级英语语法知识点总结大全一be动词(am、is、are)+not、情态动词can+not、助动词(do、does)+not如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+not。2

17、、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+not。3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+not。分四个步骤：(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语(某人或某物)后，动词前。(2)确定助动词用do、does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does。(3)在助动词后加not。(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。小学五年级英语语法知识点总结大全二1：“first”是序数词，与“the”相连，解释为第一。2：像“first，term，world”作为词组出现时前面要加“the”。3：“all”所有;后面的可数名词用复数形式，be动

18、词用“are”。4：“any”一些;用在否定句和一般疑问句中，与“some”同义。“some”用在肯定句中。5：there be+数词，采用“就近原则”。6：a map of China 与 a map of the world 要牢记。7：要用“on the wall”，不能用“in the wall”。门、窗在墙上才能用“in the wall”。8：can 后+动词原形。9：play+the+乐器; play+球类;10：like的用法11：动词变动名词形式方法：A-直接在动词后面+ing形式(大多数)。B-以不发音的“e”结尾的，要去掉e后再+ing，比如：dancing，making

19、，riding。C-重读be音节，末尾只有一个辅音，须双写末尾的字母后再+ing，如：running，swimming，sitting，putting。12：现在进行时的构成：be动词+动词ing形式。标志：now、look、listen、it's time to。13：现在进行时的一般疑问句 /问-be动词+人称+时态(动词ing)答-Yes，he/She/it is/am/are.No，he/She/it isn't/aren't/am not.14：用Are you? Yes,I am/ we are.No,I'm not/

20、We aren't.15: 动词后+人称宾格形式.16：一般现在时的构成：第三人称单数(三单)。要注意：后面的动词+s或es。特例：havehas dodose gogoes; 标志：often，usually。17：有些名词变动词时要变形式，例如：teacherteach;driverdrive.小学五年级英语语法知识点总结大全三一、注意名词单复数：1、可数名词复数用于：How many后面;some/any/many/a lot of/ two, three后面;these/those后面all the后面; between后面跟一种物体时，这个物体用复数 like 后面a

21、re前面的人称和名词用复数: we/they/the children2、名词复数的变化规则：1)一般直接+s：bears，students，2)以s._.sh.ch结尾，加es：bus-buses， bo_-bo_es，3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾，把y变为i, 再加ies：librarylibraries hobby-hobbies story-stories4)不规则名词复数:man-men，woman-women，policeman-policemen, foot-feet, Child-children3、不可数名词: water, soup, milk, juice, tea, co

22、ffee, bread(面包), rice(米饭), hair等等。二、注意一般现在时动词的第三人称单数;(注：所有否定句、疑问句中，动词都用原形。)1、肯定句中哪些情况下用第三人称单数：1) 人称代词he, she, it作主语时;2) 单个人名、地名或称呼作主语时;3) 单数可数名词或 “this / that / the+单数可数名词” 作主语时;4) 不可数名词作主语时;5) 当数字或字母作主语时，等等。2、动词第三人称单数变化规则如下：1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加s.如：works / plays/ reads2) 以s._.sh.ch 或o结尾的动词,在后面加es.例:teac

23、h-teaches, watch-watches, do-does, go-goes3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词, 把 y变为i, 再加es.例：study- studies fly-flies carry-carries4)不规则动词的第三人称单数：havehas;beis三、人称代词、名词所有格及序数词1、主格用来作句中的主语，用于动词前面。例：They are doctors.2、宾格用来作句中的宾语，放在动词或介词的后面。本册书上出现的词组：in front of her show her around push me teach you Whats wrong with him?

24、write him a letterHeres a Christmas card for you.Let me.chat with them on the Inter give it a cake3、形容词性物主代词+名词形容词性物主代词,之所以叫它们形容词是因为他们必须放在名词前面。4、名词所有格 作形容词性，表示所属关系;在人名或称呼后加s，以s结尾的，直接加。如：mothers，parents5、序数词first-second-third-fourth 1) 序数词一般要与the连用; 2)在某一层楼用介词on。四、选择和用所给词适当形式填空1、哪些情况加动词原形 (注：有to时，to跟

25、后面的动词原形放在同一空格)1) want to +动词原形 2)would like to +动词原形 3)its time to +动词原形4)情态动词can+动词原形 5)助动词(do, does , dont, doesnt)+动词原形6)let+动词原形 7)祈使句中动词用原形 (如Do your homework, please.)8)否定句在句首加Dont (如Dont do your homework, please)+动词原形2、哪些情况加动词ing1)like 2)go 3)be good at 4)be 5)后面跟名词，如swimming lesson动词+ing变化规则

26、如下:A、直接加上ing: draw-drag play-playing read-readingB、以不发音的e结尾，去e加上ingskate-skating make-making dance-dancinghave-having e-ing write-writingC、以重读闭音节结尾的单词要双写尾字母，再加上ing从单词的末尾开始往前数符合“辅音-元音-辅音”结构的。(注：词尾是w和y的除外，如：drag, playing等除外);run-running sit-sitting put-putting chat-chattingget-getting swim-swimming s-

27、sping shop-shopping3.形容词加名词(形名) 如: a beautiful girl4.动词加副词(动副) 如: swim well5.Some和any用法:“some”一般用于肯定句，“any”用于否定句和疑问句。但在一些表示委婉请求，想得到对方肯定回答时也用“some”。(小技巧：末尾是句号，句中是any，那这句型是否定句)6.There be 结构就近原则, be动词的选择取决于紧跟在后面的名词数量。如：There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.7.乐器前加the, 球类前不加the.如：play the

28、 piano, play football8.Who当作特殊的第三人称单数 (Who sings well? )9.一般现在时构成：1)主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。2)主语+行为动词+其它。【关键词】：p ：always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, every(注：主语为第三人称单数，动词加s, es或辅音+y时，把 y变为 i 再加es;其他时候动词用原形 )10.现在进行时【关键词】：p ：look, listen, now (注：be动词(is am are) +动词ing, 两者缺一不可)11.and前后谓语动词一致。指当

29、句子中有两个或两个以上的谓语动词共用同一个主语时，一般谓语动词的时态保持一致。She often goes fishing and takes photos.Lets go andhave some chicken.12、相同意思不同用法的辨析：1)有;there is/are和have/hasthere is/are表示在某地有某物(或某人);表示存在;there be就近原则;have/has表示某人有某物;表示所属关系;前面必须有主语。2)也;too-either-alsotoo用于肯定句和疑问句句末;either用于否定句句末;also用于句中。3)都;both-allboth用于两者

30、都;all用于三者及以上都。4)好;good-wellgood+名词; 动词+well。5) 和;with-andwith是介词，意思是“和一起”，后面跟名词或代词的宾格。and 是连词，意思是“和”， 用and连接两个单数名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。五、句型转换同义句：1.Its time for sth= Its time to do sth.该是时间了(注：for后面跟名词;to后面跟动词原形)Its time for dinner.=Its time to have dinner.2.What time is it?=Whats the time? 几点呢?3.There is

31、(are) no(s)=There isnt / arent any 没有4.have no= dont have(any)没有They have no legs or arms.=They dont have any legs or arms.5.has no = doesnt have (any)没有6.I like picnics.= I like having picnics.注：like后面跟名词复数或动名词(动词+ing)7.show sth (某物) to sb(某人) = show sb (某物) sth(某人) 向展示东西8.give sth(某物) to sb(某人)=gi

32、ve sb (某物) sth(某人) 给人东西9.What a lovely ant!= How lovely the ant is! 多么可爱的蚂蚁啊10.That is Jans umbrella.= That umbrella is Jans.那是杰的伞11.Whats wrong with him? = Whats the matter with him? 他怎么了?否定句1、有be动词(am, is ,are)，be后直接加not (am not/ is not=isnt/ are not =arent);2、有can，can后直接加not (can not=cant);3、只有动词

33、，在动词原形前加dont;三单动词前加doesnt, 动词变回原形。He does his homework.(改成否定句)He doesnt do his homework.一般疑问句: 用Yes或No回答的句子1、有be动词，be动词提前;2、有can或would，can或would提前;3、只有动词，句首加Do/ Does, 动词用原形;注意：Im 变Are you ; some变any; my变your; and变or .特殊疑问句：有特殊疑问词+一般疑问句There be句型提问：1、对数量提问：1)How many +名词复数+ are there +介词短语?(注：对there

34、be后面可数名词的数量提问时，无论主语是单数还是复数，都用复数形式提问)例: There are 24 classrooms in our school? / There is only one classroom in our school? (对划线部分提问)How many classrooms are there in our school? (注：上面两句提问，都是这句子)2)How much +不可数名词+ is there +介词短语?例: There is some milk in the glass.(对划线部分提问)How much milk is there in the

35、 glass?2、对主语提问there be 针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Whats +介词短语?(注：对there be后面的主语提问时，无论主语是单数还是复数，都用Whats提问)例：There are si_ books on the desk./ There is a book on the desk.(对划线部分提问)Whats on the desk? (注：上面两句提问，都是这句子)感叹句的结构：感叹句常用how或what来引导(1)what引导的感叹句，最终修饰的是名词(2)how引导的感叹句，最终修饰的是形容词/副词What a lovely ant!= How l

36、ovely the ant is! 多么可爱的蚂蚁啊!对划线提问,疑问词：What问什么;What colour 问颜色;What time 问具体时间(如几点钟);when 问范围广的时间;where 问在哪里;How old问年龄;how many 问数量(可数名词) ;how much 1)问数量(不可数名词)，2)问价钱;how about 问怎样;who 问谁(人 );whose问谁的东西(问主人);同音词：Bbebee, Cseesea, Rare, Ttea, Uyou, Ywhy, I-eye, too-two-to, fourfor, herehear, theretheir

37、, rightwrite, sunson, noknow, pairpear, itsits, buybybye, hihigh, wearwhere, arentaunt, whoswhose,近义词(或同义词)：Manylots ofa lot of, desktable, likelove, tallhigh nearbeside,tooalso, listenhear, looksee, classlesson, glasscup, homehouse, beautifulpretty, usually often, hihello, speaksaytalk, riverlake,w

38、ould likewant, go home e home反义词(或对应词)：yesno, thisthat, thesethose, herethere, goe, openclose, bigsmall, fatthin, tallshort, longshort, blackwhite, hysad, hotcold, coolwarm, softhard, onunder, in front ofbehind, inout, boygirl, manwoman, wrongright, downup, sitstand, easydifficult, take off(脱下) put on(穿上)完整形式：ImI am, werewe are, youreyou are, heshe is, itsit is,theresthere is, isntis not whoswho is, Letslet us, IdI would,cantcan not, dontdo not, doesntdoes not特殊的名词复数：manmen, womanwomen, policemanpolicemen, childchildren, footfeet,fishfis