菜单编程_动态添加

1、菜单编程_动态添加1.动态的添加、删除、插入菜单新建一个MFC单文档应用程序，取名Menu2.添加菜单，在CMainFrame:OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)中添加：CMenu menu;menu.CreatePopupMenu();/创建一个空的弹出菜单 GetMenu()->AppendMenu(MF_POPUP,(UINT)menu.m_hMenu,"NO_1");/添加一个弹出菜单 menu.Detach();注释：CreatePopupMenuThe CreatePopupMenu function creat

2、es a drop-down menu, submenu, or shortcut menu. The menu is initially empty. You can insert or append menu items by using the InsertMenuItem function. You can also use the InsertMenu function to insert menu items and the AppendMenu function to append menu items.HMENU CreatePopupMenu(VOID);Parameters

3、This function has no parameters. Return ValuesIf the function succeeds, the return value is a handle to the newly created menu.If the function fails, the return value is NULL. To get extended error information, call GetLastError.RemarksThe application can add the new menu to an existing menu, or it

4、can display a shortcut menu by calling the TrackPopupMenuEx or TrackPopupMenu functions. Resources associated with a menu that is assigned to a window are freed automatically. If the menu is not assigned to a window, an application must free system resources associated with the menu before closing.

5、An application frees menu resources by calling the DestroyMenu function. -AppendMenuThe AppendMenu function appends a new item to the end of the specified menu bar, drop-down menu, submenu, or shortcut menu. You can use this function to specify the content, appearance, and behavior of the menu item.

6、 Note  The AppendMenu function has been superseded by the InsertMenuItem function. You can still use AppendMenu, however, if you do not need any of the extended features of InsertMenuItem.BOOL AppendMenu( HMENU hMenu, / handle to menu UINT uFlags, / menu-item options UINT_PTR uIDNewItem, /

7、 identifier, menu, or submenu LPCTSTR lpNewItem / menu-item content);Return ValuesIf the function succeeds, the return value is nonzero. If the function fails, the return value is zero. To get extended error information, call GetLastError. 2.插入菜单项，在CMainFrame:OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)中

8、继续添加：GetMenu()->InsertMenu(2,MF_BYPOSITION|MF_POPUP,(UINT)menu.m_hMenu,"NO_1");/插入菜单menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,111,"Hello");/添加菜单项menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,112,"Good");menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,113,"Nice");menu.Detach();/分离与control bar的连接GetMenu()->GetSub

9、Menu(0)->AppendMenu(MF_STRING,114,"Welcome");/在第1个弹出菜单添加项GetMenu()->GetSubMenu(0)->InsertMenu(ID_FILE_OPEN,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_STRING,115,"GoodLuck");/插入菜单项注释：InsertMenuThe InsertMenu function inserts a new menu item into a menu, moving other items down the menu. Note &

10、#160;The InsertMenu function has been superseded by the InsertMenuItem function. You can still use InsertMenu, however, if you do not need any of the extended features of InsertMenuItem.BOOL InsertMenu( HMENU hMenu, / handle to menu UINT uPosition, / item that new item precedes UINT uFlags, / option

11、s UINT_PTR uIDNewItem, / identifier, menu, or submenu LPCTSTR lpNewItem / menu item content);Return ValuesIf the function succeeds, the return value is nonzero.If the function fails, the return value is zero. To get extended error information, call GetLastError. 删除菜单，在CMainFrame:OnCreate(LPCREATESTR

12、UCT lpCreateStruct)中继续添加：GetMenu()->DeleteMenu(1,MF_BYPOSITION);/删除编辑菜单GetMenu()->GetSubMenu(0)->DeleteMenu(2,MF_BYPOSITION);/删除打开菜单注释：DeleteMenuThe DeleteMenu function deletes an item from the specified menu. If the menu item opens a menu or submenu, this function destroys the handle to th

13、e menu or submenu and frees the memory used by the menu or submenu. BOOL DeleteMenu( HMENU hMenu, / handle to menu UINT uPosition, / menu item identifier or position UINT uFlags / option);Return ValuesIf the function succeeds, the return value is nonzero.If the function fails, the return value is ze

14、ro. To get extended error information, call GetLastError. RemarksThe application must call the DrawMenuBar function whenever a menu changes, whether or not the menu is in a displayed window. 增加菜单项的命令响应,在Resource.h中添加：#define IDM_HELLO111将CMainFrame:OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)修改：menu.Appe

15、ndMenu(MF_STRING,IDM_HELLO,"Hello");/添加菜单项在MainFrm.h文件中添加消息原型：protected:/AFX_MSG(CMainFrame)afx_msg int OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct);/ NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove member functions here./ DO NOT EDIT what you see in these blocks of generated code!/AFX_MSGafx_msg vo

16、id OnHello();DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()在MainFrm.cpp文件中添加消息映射：BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMainFrame, CFrameWnd)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CMainFrame)/ NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove mapping macros here./ DO NOT EDIT what you see in these blocks of generated code !ON_WM_CREATE()/AFX_MSG_MAPON_COMMAND(IDM_HELLO,OnHell

17、o)END_MESSAGE_MAP()并添加一个函数：void CMainFrame:OnHello()MessageBox("Hello!");编写一个电话本程序：在CMenu2View类中添加一个WM_CHAR消息，添加成员变量：public:CStringArray m_strArray;private:CMenu m_menu;int m_nIndex;CString m_strLine;在CMenu2View:CMenu2View()函数中赋初值：m_nIndex=-1;m_strLine=""在CMenu2View中添加WM_CHAR消息响应

18、函数，并写上以下代码：void CMenu2View:OnChar(UINT nChar, UINT nRepCnt, UINT nFlags) / TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call defaultCClientDC dc(this);if(0x0d=nChar)if(0=+m_nIndex)m_menu.CreateMenu();GetParent()->GetMenu()->AppendMenu(MF_POPUP,(UINT)m_menu.m_hMenu,"PhoneBook");/获取

19、菜单项GetParent()->DrawMenuBar();/重画改变的菜单栏m_menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,IDM_PHONE1+m_nIndex,m_strLine.Left(m_strLine.Find(' ');m_strArray.Add(m_strLine);/将增加的一个字符保存到字符数组中m_strLine.Empty();/清空先前的字符Invalidate();/擦除先前窗口的内容，缺省为TRUEelsem_strLine+=nChar;dc.TextOut(0,0,m_strLine);/输出字符串CView:OnChar(n

20、Char, nRepCnt, nFlags);注释：CStringArrayThe CStringArray class supports arrays of CString objects. The member functions of CStringArray are similar to the member functions of class CObArray. Because of this similarity, you can use the CObArray reference documentation for member function specifics. Whe

21、rever you see a CObject pointer as a return value, substitute a CString (not a CString pointer). Wherever you see a CObject pointer as a function parameter, substitute a LPCTSTR.CObject* CObArray:GetAt( int <nIndex> ) const;for example, translates toCString CStringArray:GetAt( int <nIndex&g

22、t; ) const;andvoid SetAt( int <nIndex>, CObject* <newElement> )translates tovoid SetAt( int <nIndex>, LPCTSTR <newElement> )CStringArray incorporates the IMPLEMENT_SERIAL macro to support serialization and dumping of its elements. If an array of CString objects is stored to a

23、n archive, either with an overloaded insertion operator or with the Serialize member function, each element is serialized in turn. Note   Before using an array, use SetSize to establish its size and allocate memory for it. If you do not use SetSize, adding elements to your array cause

24、s it to be frequently reallocated and copied. Frequent reallocation and copying are inefficient and can fragment memory.If you need a dump of individual string elements in the array, you must set the depth of the dump context to 1 or greater. When a CString array is deleted, or when its elements are

25、 removed, string memory is freed as appropriate.For more information on using CStringArray, see the article Collections in Visual C+ Programmers Guide.#include <afxcoll.h>-CObArray:Add int Add( CObject* newElement );throw( CMemoryException );Return ValueThe index of the added element.Parameter

26、snewElementThe CObject pointer to be added to this array.RemarksAdds a new element to the end of an array, growing the array by 1. If SetSize has been used with an nGrowBy value greater than 1, then extra memory may be allocated. However, the upper bound will increase by only 1.The following table s

27、hows other member functions that are similar to CObArray:Add.-CWindow:InvalidateBOOL Invalidate( BOOL bErase = TRUE );See InvalidateRect in the Win32 SDK.RemarksInvalidates the entire client area. Passes NULL for the RECT parameter to the InvalidateRect Win32 function.Example/The following example a

28、ttaches an HWND to the CWindow object and /calls CWindow:Invalidate() to invalidate the entire client areaCWindow myWindow;myWindow.Attach(hWndFoo);myWindow.Invalidate();并相继添加五个按钮：protected:/AFX_MSG(CMenu2View)afx_msg void OnChar(UINT nChar, UINT nRepCnt, UINT nFlags);/AFX_MSGafx_msg void OnPhone1()

29、;/消息原型声明afx_msg void OnPhone2();afx_msg void OnPhone3();afx_msg void OnPhone4();afx_msg void OnPhone5();DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()-BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMenu2View, CView)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CMenu2View)ON_WM_CHAR()/AFX_MSG_MAP/ Standard printing commandsON_COMMAND(IDM_PHONE1, OnPhone1)/消息映射ON_COMMAND(IDM_PHONE2, On

30、Phone2)ON_COMMAND(IDM_PHONE3, OnPhone3)ON_COMMAND(IDM_PHONE4, OnPhone4)ON_COMMAND(IDM_PHONE5, OnPhone5)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT, CView:OnFilePrint)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_DIRECT, CView:OnFilePrint)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_PREVIEW, CView:OnFilePrintPreview)END_MESSAGE_MAP()-void CMenu2View:OnPhone1(

31、) /消息响应函数/ TODO: Add your command handler code hereCClientDC dc(this);dc.TextOut(0,0,m_strArray.GetAt(0);void CMenu2View:OnPhone2()/消息响应函数/ TODO: Add your command handler code hereCClientDC dc(this);dc.TextOut(0,0,m_strArray.GetAt(1);void CMenu2View:OnPhone3()/消息响应函数/ TODO: Add your command handler

32、code hereCClientDC dc(this);dc.TextOut(0,0,m_strArray.GetAt(2);void CMenu2View:OnPhone4()/消息响应函数/ TODO: Add your command handler code hereCClientDC dc(this);dc.TextOut(0,0,m_strArray.GetAt(3);void CMenu2View:OnPhone5()/消息响应函数/ TODO: Add your command handler code hereCClientDC dc(this);dc.TextOut(0,0

33、,m_strArray.GetAt(4);用框架类来捕获消息，在CMainFrame类中，添加一个OnCommand虚函数，并添加：BOOL CMainFrame:OnCommand(WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) / TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base classint MenuCmdId=LOWORD(wParam);/获得wParam的低两个字节CMenu2View *pView=(CMenu2View*)GetActiveView();/得到CMenu2View的一个指针if(M

34、enuCmdId>=IDM_PHONE1 && MenuCmdId<IDM_PHONE1+pView->m_strArray.GetSize()/*获得这个变量的大小*/)CClientDC dc(pView);/用指向View类的指针dc.TextOut(0,0,pView->m_strArray.GetAt(MenuCmdId-IDM_PHONE1);/输出/MessageBox("Test");return TRUE;return CFrameWnd:OnCommand(wParam, lParam);注释：CWnd:OnCom

35、mandThis method is called by the framework when the user selects an item from a menu, when a child control sends a notification message, or when an accelerator keystroke is translated. virtual BOOL OnCommand( WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ); ParameterswParam The low-order word of wParam identifies th

36、e command ID of the menu item, control, or accelerator. The high-order word of wParam specifies the notification message if the message is from a control. If the message is from an accelerator, the high-order word is 1. If the message is from a menu, the high-order word is 0. lParam Identifies the control that sends the message if the message is from a control. Otherwise, lParam is 0. Return ValueAn application returns nonzero if it processes this message; otherwise, it is zero.RemarksOnCommand processes the message map for