语法填空专项训练---时态语态

1、语 法 填 空 专 项 训 练时 态 语 态1.时态。时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的。英语中常用的时态有16 种，但高考考试说明中规定要掌握的有十种：10 种时态构成（以 do 为例）主要用法一般现在时do/does经常性或习惯性动作，客观事实，现在的状态一般过去时did在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态一般将来时will/shall do在将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态过去将来时would do在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态现在进行时am/is/are doing表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动

2、作过去进行时was/were doing表示在过去某一时间内止在进行的动作将来进行时will/shallbedoi ng表示将来某一时间正在进仃的动作现在完成时have/has done表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影 响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态过去完成时had done表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的 动词，即“过去的过去”现在完成进行时have/hasbee ndoi ng表示一个从过去就开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去的动作2.语态。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。被动语态由“ be+

3、过去分词”构成，不同时态的被动语态的形式由be 来体现，如一般过去时的被动语态就是was/were+过去分词，一般将来时的被动语态就是“ will be + 过去分词”。解题技巧在语法填空中，一般有一空是考查谓语动词的时态，同时有一空是考查非谓语动词，因此，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；若是谓语动词，一是根据主语与谓语动词的关系判断用主动语态还是用被动语态，二是根据具体的语境来判断用哪一种时态，进而确定所填动词的形式。例 1: This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their natural course. B

4、eing too anxious tohelp an eve nt develop ofte n 40 （result） in the con trary to our inten ti on. （2008广东）分析：因句中 Bei ng too an xious to help an event develop是动名词短语作主语，括号中的result 应当为谓语 法 填 空 专 项 训 练时 态 语 态语动词；主语与谓语动词是主动关系，再说短语动词result in 本身是不能用于被动语态的，故用主动语态；根据语境， 这段话是拔苗助长这个成语故事所说明的道理， “我们必须让事物沿着它们的自然

5、进程发展。 太着急帮 助一件事物发展， 结果往往和我们的意图相反 （欲速则不达）。 ”这是客观真理， 应当用一般现在时， 主语是第 三人称单数， 故填 results 。例 2： The policeman s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _ （place） underthe Minister s car. （2005 广东 ） 分析：替代 the box 的关系代词 which 在定语从句中作主语， place 应当为谓语动词；因主语 which （the box） 与 place （ 放置 ） 是被动关系，故用被动语

6、态；又因 place 这个动作发生在 was caught 这个动作之前，即“过去 的过去”，用过去完成时的被动语态，故填 had been placed 。一、单句填空：用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. The house belongs to my aunt but she _ (not live) here any more. (全国 I)2. This machine _ (not work). It hasn t worked for years. ( 浙江 )3. If their marketing plans succeed, they _ (increase) their sa

7、les by 20 percent. (全国n)4. Population experts predict that most people _ (live) in cities in the near future. (上海春)5. He _ (play) football regularly for many years when he was young. (天津 )6. - Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?- Yes, since she _ (join) the Chinese Society. (宁夏 )7. Teenagers

8、 _(damage) their health because they play computer games too much. (重庆 )8. I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn t get through. Her brother _(talk) on the phone all the time! (湖南 )9. John promised his doctor he _ (not smoke), and he has smoked ever since. (北京 )10. By this time to

9、morrow, I_ (lie) on the beach11. So far this year we _ (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (福建)12. The hotel wasn t particularly good. But I _ (stay) in many worse hotels. ( 北京 )13. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we _ (know) each otherfor years.

10、( 辽宁 )14. - I m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.- I think so. He _ (prepare) for it for months. (江苏 )15. The telephone _ (ring), but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. ( 四川)16. -Did you go to the show last night?-Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _(invite). ( 陕西)17. -Whats t

11、hat noise?- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _ (test). ( 浙江 )18. I like these English songs and they_ (teach) many times on the radio. ( 安徽)二、语篇填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3140 的相应位置上。(以动词时态为主)(1)It was getting dark when I got home. It was cold and

12、I 1_(wear) a coat. I walkedup to the door and put my hand into my pocket 2_ (take) out my key 3_ I couldnt findit. I suddenly remembered thatI had left 4_ on my desk in the office. It really didnt make5_ difference. I knew my wife was at home and the children must have come back from school6_ now, s

13、o I knocked at the door.There was no answer, so I knocked again. I 7_ (continue) knocking at the door for sometime. I was getting angry. Then I remembered something the office boy had told me at noon. He said that my wife 8(phone) saying that she 9_ (go) shopping in the afternoon withthe children.Th

14、ere was only one thing for me to do: I had to clime in 1 0_ a window.(2)When he was a little boy, Christopher Cockerell once watched his mother 1_(turn)the wheel of her sewing-machine with her hand.“Wouldnt it work 2_ (quick) if a machine turned the wheel for you? ” h e asked.“I suppose it would,” s

15、aid his mother, without 3_(pay) him any attention.Christopher 4_ (know) she always had a lot of work, and he wanted 5_ (help) her.Up in his bedroom there was a toy steam-engine which his father had bought 6 _ as a gift.“I7_ (make) betteruse of it, ”little Christopher said to himself.So, when his mother8_(notuse) her sewing-machine,hefixedthe toy steam-engineonto it.When the job9_(finish), hewasquitepleased, 10_(think)his mother11_ (like) it.“ Very clever, ” his mother said, when she saw it. Then she sat dow