高二英语时态总结(二)通用版知识精讲

1、高二英语时态总结（二）通用版【本讲主要内容】时态总结（二）一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时【知识总结归纳】一 . 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态，其表达形式除了“ will 或 shall 十动词原形”外，还有以下几种形式。（ 1） “ to be going to 十动词原形”，表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。例如： It is going to rain.We are going to have a meeting today 。（ 2） go ， come， start ， move， sail ， leave 等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。例如： I m

2、leaving for Beijing.（ 3） “ be to 十动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。例如： Are we to go on with this work?The boy is to go to school tomorrow （ 4） “ be about to 十动词原形”表示即将发生的动作。例如： We are about to leave.（ 5） 些词，如come， go， leave ， arrive ， start 等的一般现在时和现在进行时也可表示将来。clock.The meeting starts at five oHe is leaving t

3、omorrow2 .过去将来时1 .过去将来时表示从过去的某时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将 来时由“should或would十动词原形”构成。第一人称用should ,其他人称用would o例如：They were sure that they would succeed.2 .表示过去的某种习惯性行为，只用 wouldWhenever we had trouble, he would come to help us.3 .现在完成时1 .表示动作过去已经完成，但对现在仍然有影响或表示经验；I have seen the film, and don ' t want to

4、 see it a second time.2 .表示“过去的动作” 一直延续至今并有可能继续下去，常与 for或since等 短语连用；I ' ve worked at this school for many years.3 .由终止性动词如 leave, arrive, come, go, return, begin, start, put, stop, die, fall, but, borrow, see等构成的完成时不能与 for 或since引起的时间状语连用；x He has died for two years.，He dies two years ago.He wo

5、rked in the factory for 8 years.现在完成时用于一些固定句式中。since, so far, up to now, in the last/past, I haven ' t heard from him since 1999.现在完成时的用法现在完成时由“ have十过去分词”构成。其使用有两种情况：(1)现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成， 而对现在有影响。句中没有具体时间状语。例如：He has gone to Fuzhou.(说话人认为他不在该地)He has been to Fuzhou.(说话人认为他在该地)(2)现在完成时所表示的动作开始

6、于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常用 for 和 since 表示一段时间的状语或 so far , now/, up to now, for a long time, till now, up to present, for the last (past) few years, these few days (weeks, months, years ) , today, this week(month, year) 等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。例如：He has studied English for 5 years.He has studied English since 198

7、5.Now I have finished the work.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如 come, go, die , marry, buy等的完成时不 能与for , since等表示一段时间的词连用。(3)现在完成时还可用在时间和条件状语从句中、表示将来某时完成的动作。例如：I ' ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.If it has stopped snowing in the morning , we ll go to the park.4 .一般过去时与现在完成时1 .动作均发生在过去；2 .过去时是

8、叙述过去时间里发生过的事、而完成时强调该动作造成的结果、对现 在有影响。I had lunch with my family at a restaurant near my home.我吃了 饭I have had lunch with my family.我吃过了，不想再吃了。五.过去时两个或两个以上的动作均发生在过去， 如果其中有一个是可持续的动词，而另一个是持续时间很短的，则前者用过去进行时，后者用一般过去时。They were waiting for us as we arrived.两个或两个以上的动作均发生在过去，两个都是可持续的动词，两者都可用过去进行时。I was doing

9、my homework while my dad was reading a novel.两个或两个以上的动作均发生在过去，两个都是不可持续的动词，两者都可用一般过去时。As we arrived there, they met us at the gate.两个动作均发生在过去，但有先后，则先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生是用一般过去时。When I got to the station, the train had left.六 . 过去完成时1. 过去完成时由“had 十过去分词”构成。过去完成时的动词表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态.句中常用 by , before ,

10、until , when等词引导的时间状语。例如： By the end of last year we had built five new houses.1 had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.2. 过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去。例如： Before he slept ， he had worked for 12 hours.【题型展示】1. You don't need to describe her. I her several times.（ 95，

11、 NMET24）A. had metB. have metC. metD. meet本题考察的是现在完成时的一个基本的含义。动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响。在你描述她之前我们已经见过几次了，所以应该选择B。2. We haven't heard from Jane for a long time.（ 91， MET 23） What do you suppose to her?A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. having happened本题中 do you suppose 是插入语，问句用的是现在完成时，是过去对现在

12、造成的影响，所以答句也要用现在完成时，故选C。3. I m sorry to keep you waiting. （ 94， NMET 19） Oh, not at all. I here only a few minutes.A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be本题的现在完成时表示的是现在的状态，故选择A。4. the sports meet might be put off.（ 95， NMET 16） Yes, it all depends on the weather.A. I ve been told B. I ve toldC. I

13、m told D. Itold本句表示我已经被通知到了，对现在的影响是内容我知道了，故选A。5. my glasses? （ 96， NMET 6） Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen选择现在完成时表示对现在的影响，看到没看到过。故选D6. My aunt to see us. She'll be here soon.（ 78， 12）A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. cam

14、e现在进行时表示将来。故选B7. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he office soon.（ 93 MET 18）A. leaves B. would leaveC. leftD. had left本题中有一个重要的时间状语 soon,表将来。故选B8. By eleven o'clock yesterday, we at the airport.（ 80， 14）A. had arrived B. have arrived C. shall arrive D. arrive根据时间的先后关系，到昨天11 点之前

15、, 应该用过去完成时。故选A9. By the time he was twelve, Edison to make a living by himself.（ 84， 15）A. would begin B. has begun C. had begunD. was begun根据时间的先后关系，到他 12 岁时， 他就已经开始自己谋生了，应该用过去完成时，故选C。10. The police found that the house and a lot of things .（ 90，MET 32）A. has broken into; has been stolen B. had bro

16、ken into; had been stolenC. has been broken into; stolen D. had been broken into; stolen本句为过去时, 房子被闯入应为过去的过去, 所以要用过去完成时的被动语态,第二个空用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选D11. When Jack arrived he learned Mary for almost an hour. （ 92， NMET30）A. had gone B. had set off C. had left D. had been awayMary在Jack来之前已经离开一个小时了，故用过去完成时。

17、故选 D【实战模拟】1. Tom into the house when no one .（ 92， MET 40）A. slipped; was lookingB. had slipped; lookedC. slipped; had lookedD. was slipping; looked2. As she the newspaper, Granny asleep. （ 95， NMET 20）A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was falling D. read; fell3. Your phone num

18、ber again? I quite catch it.（ 95， NMET 12） It's 9568442.A. didn tB. couldn tC. don tD. can t4. The price , but I doubt whether it will remain so.（ 99， GD 28）A. went down B. will go down C. was going down D. has gone down5. I can guess you were in a hurry. You your sweater inside out.A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing6. He he would be able to leave tomorrow, but it s beginning to lookdifficult.A. hopes B. was hoping C. had hoped D. was hoping7. You telev