MATLAB解析GPS数据程序

1、。% 注：本程序可直接在 MATLAB 2017a 中运行%该脚本文件用于学习GPS数据的读取，需要做其他用途请自行修改代码%本脚本文件的前面几行代码是要设置的一些参数%默认使用 COM3（需视情况修改）%波特率设为GPS模块默认的38400%下面为程序源码clearnum_execute = 100; %执行次数num_SingleRead = 150; %单次从串口读取的字节数( 最好设置足够大（最低大概设为80），保证单次读取的数据包含一条完整的GPS数据 )Timedelay = 0.2; %用于延时读取串口数据BaudRate = 38400; %读取数据的波特率Terminator

2、 = 'CR'num_MaxTry = 5; % 打开串口的最多尝试次数BytesAvailableFcnCount = 1000;%设置参数% delete(instrfindall); %串口打开失败时使用此句% delete(s);clear s %串口打开失败时使用此句serial3 = serial('COM3');% 串口设置serial3.BytesAvailableFcnMode = 'byte'% serial3.InputBufferSize = 38400; %输出波特率serial3.BaudRate = BaudRate

3、; %读入波特率% serial3.OutputBufferSize = 1024; serial3.BytesAvailableFcnCount = BytesAvailableFcnCount;serial3.ReadAsyncMode = 'continuous'serial3.Terminator = Terminator;%打开串口count_opentimes = 1;。1。while contains(serial3.status,'closed') > 0 && count_opentimes < num_MaxTry

4、fopen(serial3); %打开串口count_opentimes = count_opentimes+1;endif contains(serial3.status,'open') < 1disp('open com failed!');returnend%读取并处理数据% 初始化GPS_Data = GPS_Init();while(num_execute > 0)GPS_DataStrs = fread(serial3,num_SingleRead,'char');%一次读出 10 个字符GPS_DataStrs = re

5、shape(GPS_DataStrs,1,);GPS_DataStrs = split_str2strs(GPS_DataStrs);GPS_Data_tmp = get_GPS_specificData(GPS_DataStrs);GPS_Data = Updata_GPU_Data(GPS_Data,GPS_Data_tmp);show_GPS_Data(GPS_Data);pause(Timedelay); %延时num_execute = num_execute-1;end% fprintf(s,'abcd');%给串口的发送数据% fscanf(s);%从串口的接收缓

6、存读数据%关闭串口并删除相关数据fclose(serial3);%关闭串口delete(serial3);clear serial3。2。%将字符串根据 'rn' 划分成多个子字符串 , 同时去掉首尾无用的残余字符串 function out_strs = split_str2strs(StrData)if contains(class(StrData),'char')uint8(StrData);endrecord = get_pos_enterflag(StrData);if StrData(1) = uint8('$') %开头为 '

7、;$' 的情况flag_start = 1;elseif size(record,2) > 0flag_start = record(1)+2;elseout_strs = cell(0,0);returnendendif StrData(end) = 13flag_end = length(StrData)-1;elseif size(record,2) > 0flag_end = record(end)-1;endendif flag_start >= flag_endout_strs = cell(0,0);returnend。3。StrData = StrDa

8、ta(flag_start:flag_end); %截取有效数据，方便下面划分子字符串record = get_pos_enterflag(StrData);num_strs = size(record,2)+1;out_strs = cell(num_strs,1);if num_strs > 1out_strs1,1 = char(StrData(1:record(1)-1);if num_strs = 2out_strsnum_strs,1 = char(StrData(record(1)+2:end); elsefor i = 2 : num_strs-1out_strsi,1

9、= char(StrData(record(i-1)+2:record(i)-1);endout_strsnum_strs,1 = char(StrData(record(i)+2:end);endelseout_strs1,1 = char(StrData);end%得到字符串中 'rn'在字符串中的位置( 实际为 'r'的位置 )function record = get_pos_enterflag(data)record = ; %记录回车符号位置for ii = 1 : length(data)-1if data(ii) = 13if data(ii+1

10、) = 10record = record,ii;ii = ii+1;endendend。4。endend% 得到具体 GPS结构体数据function GPS_Data_tmp = get_GPS_specificData(StrsData)GPS_Data_tmp = ;num_str = size(StrsData,1);for i = 1 : num_strstr_tab = StrsDatai,1;if contains(str_tab,'GGA') > 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNGGA(str_tab);elseif contains(str_tab

11、,'GSA') > 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSA(str_tab);elseif contains(str_tab,'GSV') > 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSV(str_tab);elseif contains(str_tab,'RMC') > 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNRMC(str_tab);elseif contains(str_tab,'VTG') > 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNVTG(str_tab);elseif contains(str_tab

12、,'GLL') > 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNGLL(str_tab);endendend% GPS字符串解析function GPS_Data_tmp = GNGGA(str_tab)index = strfind(str_tab,',');count = 1;Time= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;。5。Latitude= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.La

13、titudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;Longitude= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.GPSState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_D

14、ata_tmp.SatelliteNum = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.altitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;%other= str_tab(index(count)+1:end);%进一步处理GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = Ti

15、me(1:2);GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min = Time(3:4);GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec = Time(5:6);GPS_Data_tmp.Tlisec = Time(8:10);GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); %纬度GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min = Latitude(3:4);tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.s

16、ec = num2str(floor(tmp);GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000);GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); %经度GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5);tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;。6。GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec = num2str(floor(

17、tmp);GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000);% UTC 时间转换为北京时间hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour;if str2num(hour)+8 >= 24GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8-24); elseGPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8); endendfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSA(str_tab)index

18、= strfind(str_tab,',');count = 1;GPS_Data_tmp.LocationMode = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.CurState= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.PRN= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.PDOP= str_ta

19、b(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.VDOP= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;% other= str_tab(index(count)+1:end);endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSV(str_tab)% 此语句为与卫星有关的信息（包括卫星方位，卫星编

20、号）% 暂时用不着，不处理GPS_Data_tmp = ;。7。endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNRMC(str_tab)index = strfind(str_tab,',');count = 1;Time= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;Latitude= str_tab(index(count)+1:in

21、dex(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;Longitude= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.speed= str_tab(index(count

22、)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;Date= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticAngle = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticDir = str_tab(index(

23、count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;%other= str_tab(index(count)+1:end);% 进一步处理GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = Time(1:2);GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min = Time(3:4);GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec = Time(5:6);GPS_Data_tmp.Tlisec = Time(8:10);GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); %纬度。8。GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude

24、.min = Latitude(3:4);tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp);GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000);GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); %经度GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5);tmp

25、= str2double(Longitude(7:10);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp);GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.day = Date(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.month = Date(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.year = Date(5:6);% UTC 时间转换为北

26、京时间hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour;if str2num(hour)+8 >= 24GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8-24); elseGPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8); endendfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNVTG(str_tab)index = strfind(str_tab,',');count = 1;GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir=str_tab(index(count

27、)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceTrueDir=str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;。9。GPS_Data_tmp.RelativeDir=str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceRelativeDir =str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Da

28、ta_tmp.step=str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.stepflag=str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.velocity=str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;%other= str_tab(index(count)+1:end);endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGLL(str_tab)in

29、dex = strfind(str_tab,',');count = 1;Latitude= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;Longitude= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(

30、count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;Date= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;%other= str_tab(index(count)+1:end);%进一步处理GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); %纬度GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.m

31、in = Latitude(3:4);tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;。10。GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp);GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000);GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); %经度GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5);tm

32、p = str2double(Longitude(7:10);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp);GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.day = Date(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.month = Date(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.year = Date(5:6);end% 更新获取到

33、的相关数据function GPS_Data = Updata_GPU_Data(GPS_Data,GPS_Data_tmp)% 用不到的数据可以注释掉if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'Time') = 1 GPS_Data.Time.hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour;GPS_Data.Time.min = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min;GPS_Data.Time.sec = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec;GPS_Data.Tlisec = GPS_Data_tmp.Tlisec;

34、endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'DATE') = 1GPS_Data.DATE.day = GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.day;GPS_Data.DATE.month = GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.month;GPS_Data.DATE.year = GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.year;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'Latitude') = 1GPS_Data.Latitude.degree = GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree;GPS_Data.Latitud

35、e.min = GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min;。11。GPS_Data.Latitude.sec = GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec;GPS_Data.Llisec = GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'LatitudeDir') = 1GPS_Data.LatitudeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'Longitude') = 1

36、GPS_Data.Longitude.degree = GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree;GPS_Data.Longitude.min = GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min;GPS_Data.Longitude.sec = GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec;GPS_Data.Llisec = GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'LongitudeDir') = 1GPS_Data.LongitudeDir

37、= GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'GPSState') = 1GPS_Data.GPSState = GPS_Data_tmp.GPSState;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'SatelliteNum') = 1GPS_Data.SatelliteNum = GPS_Data_tmp.SatelliteNum;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'speed') = 1GPS_Data.speed = GPS_Data_tmp

38、.speed;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'velocity') = 1GPS_Data.velocity = GPS_Data_tmp.velocity;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'LocationState') = 1GPS_Data.LocationState = GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState;。12。endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'altitude') = 1GPS_Data.altitude = GPS_Data_tmp.altitud

39、e;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'CurState') = 1GPS_Data.CurState = GPS_Data_tmp.CurState;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'LocationMode') = 1GPS_Data.LocationMode = GPS_Data_tmp.LocationMode;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'HDOP') = 1GPS_Data.HDOP = GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP;endif isfield(GPS_Data

40、_tmp,'VDOP') = 1GPS_Data.VDOP = GPS_Data_tmp.VDOP;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'PDOP') = 1GPS_Data.PDOP = GPS_Data_tmp.PDOP;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'TrueDir') = 1GPS_Data.TrueDir = GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'MagneticAngle') = 1GPS_Data.MagneticA

41、ngle = GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticAngle;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'MagneticDir') = 1GPS_Data.MagneticDir = GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'ReferenceTrueDir') = 1。13。GPS_Data.ReferenceTrueDir = GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceTrueDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'RelativeDir&#

42、39;) = 1GPS_Data.RelativeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.RelativeDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'ReferenceRelativeDir') = 1GPS_Data.ReferenceRelativeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceRelativeDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'step') = 1GPS_Data.step = GPS_Data_tmp.step;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'step

43、flag') = 1GPS_Data.stepflag = GPS_Data_tmp.stepflag;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'PRN') = 1GPS_Data.PRN = GPS_Data_tmp.PRN;endend% 显示相关 GPS数据function show_GPS_Data(GPS_Data)DataAndTime = sprintf('20%02s-%02s-%02s %02s:%02s:%02s:%03s',.GPS_Data.DATE.year,GPS_Data.DATE.month,GPS_Data

44、.DATE.day,.GPS_Data.Time.hour,GPS_Data.Time.min,GPS_Data.Time.sec,GPS_Data.Tlis ec);Location =sprintf(' %s:%02s° %02s %03s%04s,%s:%02s° %02s %03s %04s',.GPS_Data.LatitudeDir,GPS_Data.Latitude.degree,GPS_Data.Latitude.min,GPS_Dat a.Latitude.sec,GPS_Data.Llisec,.。14

45、。GPS_Data.LongitudeDir,GPS_Data.Longitude.degree,GPS_Data.Longitude.min,GPS_ Data.Longitude.sec,GPS_Data.Llisec);% Others = sprintf(' GPSState:%s,SatelliteNum:%02s,Speed:%03s,Velocity:%s,LocationState:%s',.%GPS_Data.GPSState,GPS_Data.SatelliteNum,GPS_Data.speed,GPS_Data.velocity,

46、GPS_Data.LocationState);% show_Message_str(strcat(DataAndTime,Location,Others); show_Message_str(strcat(DataAndTime,Location);end% 初始化 GPS数据结构体function GPS_Data = GPS_Init()GPS_Data.Time.hour = '0'GPS_Data.Time.min = '0'GPS_Data.Time.sec = '0'GPS_Data.Tlisec = '0'GPS_Data.DATE.day = '29'GPS_Data.DATE.month = '8'GPS_Data.DATE.year = '18'GPS_Data.Latitude.degre