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1、教育资源教育学科教师辅导教案学员编号:年级:课时数:3学员姓名:辅导科目:英语学科教师:王伲佳课程主题: 构词法解析授课时间:学习目标掌握初中阶段基本构词法,运用于词性转换的题型教学内容内容回顾知识精讲知识点一、构词法之派生法【知识梳理】在一个单词前或词尾加上一个词缀,从而变成一个新词的方法叫做派生法。加在单词前的词缀叫前缀,加在但此后的词缀叫做后缀。1. 常用前缀1) un-(不、非,表否定):able(能够 的)unable(不能的)、comfortable(舒服的) uncomfortable (不舒服的)、pleasant(令人愉快的)unpleasant(使人不愉快的)、usual(

2、寻常的) unusual(不同寻常的)、healthy(健康的) unhealthy(不健康的)、happy(快乐的) unhappy(不快乐的)、friendly (友好的) unfriendly (不友好的)、2) dis-(不、非,表否定):advantage(优点、优势) disadvantage(缺点、劣势)、cover(覆盖) discover(发现)、agree(同意) disagree(不同意)、教育资源教育资源like dislike (不喜欢)、honest(诚实的) dishonest(不诚实的)、play(玩) display (陈列)3) im- (不、非,表否定):

3、polite (有礼貌的) impolite (不礼貌的)、possible(可能的) impossible(不可能的)4) re-(又、再、重新):review (复习)、 return(归还)、 rewrite (重写)、 recycle(再循环;回收利用)5) inter-(相互、在一起):interview (面试)、 international (国际的)、 internet (因特网)6) en-(使)encourage(鼓励)、 endanger(危及;使遭受危险)2. 常用后缀1) -or / -er (从事某职业的人或某类人):actor(演员)、 visitor (参观者)

4、、 collector (搜集者)、 translator(翻译家)、 director (主任;主管)、 singer (歌手)、 teacher(老师)、 reader(读者)、 writer (作家)、 foreigner (外国人)、 learner(学习者)、 villager (村民)、 winner(胜利者)、 foreigner (外国人)、 owner(所有者;物主)、 law(法律) lawyer (律师)、特例: post(邮寄;邮政)poster(海报)、draw(画画) drawer(抽屉)、elevate(提升) elevator(电梯)、cook(煮) cook(

5、厨师) cooker(厨具)、2) -ist (人,名词后缀):science(科学) scientist(科学家)、art(艺术) artist(艺术家)、tour(n.v.旅行) tourist (旅行者)、3) -tion (表示动作、状态,名词后缀):predict(v.预言) prediction (n.预言)、compete(v.竞争) competition ( n.竞争)、invite ( v.邀请) invitation (n.邀请、请柬)、invent( v.发明) invention ( n.发明)教育资源教育资源instruct(v.指示) instruction (

6、n.指示;用法说明)attend( v.注意) attention (n.注意、专心)、describe( v.描述) description( n.描述)、attract( v.吸引) attraction( n.有吸引力的事物或人)、pollute (v.污染) pollution ( n.污染)、organize(组织) organization (组织;机构)、4)-ment (表示动作、状态,名词后缀):develop(v.发展 )development( n.发展)、advertise(v.登广告) advertisement( n.广告)、entertain( v.款待;使娱乐)

7、entertainment(n.娱乐)、improve( v.改善) improvement ( n.改善)、argue(v.争论) argument( n.争论)、state( v.陈述) statement(n.陈述;声明)、require( v.要求) requirement( n.要求)、government(政府)5) -ture / -ure (名词后缀)picture(图画)、 temperature(温度)、 future(将来)、 structure(结构;构造)、creature(生物)、 pressure(压力)、 pleasure(愉快)6) -th (名词后缀)tru

8、e(真实的) truth(真相)、 breath(n.呼吸)、 birth ( n.出生)7) -ful (充满,形容词后缀):success(成功) successful(成功的)、wonder(奇迹) wonderful (精彩的)、colorcolorful (颜色鲜艳的、丰富多彩的)、beauty(美的东西) beautiful (美丽的)、care careful(仔细的、小心的)、peace peaceful(平静的、和平的)、8) -less(没有、无,形容词后缀):care careless(粗心的)、helphelpless(无助的)、home homeless(无家可归的)

9、教育资源教育资源9) -y(表性质,形容词后缀):fun(乐趣) funny (有趣的)、health(健康) healthy(健康的)、sleep(睡觉) sleepy(困倦的)、taste(味道;品尝)tasty(味美可口的)、luck(运气) lucky (幸运的)、shiny(有光泽的;发亮的)、sleepy(困倦的)、 guilty (内疚的;有罪的)、salty(含盐的;咸的)10) -al( 的,形容词后缀):nature(大自然、天性)natural(天然的、天生的、自然的)、nation(国家) national(国际的)、person(个人) personal(私人的、个人

10、的)、medicine(药、医学) medical(医学的)、normal(正常的)、 final (最后的)11) -able (能够 的,形容词后缀):comfortable(舒服的)、 knowledgeable(知识渊博的)、suitable(合适的)12) -ous(形容词后缀)delicious(美味的)、 nervous(紧张的)、13) -ern (表 方向的):eastern(东方的)、 western(西方的)、 southern(南方的)、 northern(北方的)14)-ly (形容词或副词后缀):作形容词后缀时:lovely (可爱的)、 friendly (友好的

11、)、 lively (充满活力的)、daily (每日的;日常的)作副词后缀时: usually(通常)、 simply (简单地)、 probably(可能地)、 really (真正地)、 quickly (迅速地)、 slowly (缓慢地)、 certainly(当然)、 clearly (清楚地;明显地)、 extremely (极其;非常)、 gradually (逐渐地)、 strongly (坚定地)、 exactly(正;恰恰)、 normally (通常;正常地)15) -ed(形容词后缀):surprised(感到惊讶的)、 interested(感兴趣的)、 excit

12、ed(感到兴奋的)、 relaxed(轻松的)、 worry (担心) worried(烦恼的)、 annoyed(恼怒的)、 embarrassed(感到尴尬的)、 organized(有组织的)、 injured (受伤的)、 tired (疲倦的)、 spotted(有斑点的)、 endangered(濒临灭绝的)、 polluted (被污染的)16)-ing (形容词或名词后缀):教育资源教育资源形容词后缀 :interesting(有趣的)、 exciting (令人兴奋的)、 outstanding(杰出的)、 amazing(令人惊异的)、 disappointing (令人失

13、望的)、 following (以下的)、willing (乐意的;心甘情愿的)、 fascinating(迷人的)、 frustrating (令人失望的)、 embarrassing(令人尴尬的)、 tiring (令人疲倦的)、 confusing(令人困惑的)、 convincing (令人信服的)、 thrilling (令人激动的)、misleading(令人误解的;骗人的)名词后缀:building (建筑物)、 training (训练)、 meaning(意思)、 ending(结局;结尾)附:国家、地区加后缀后表示“民族、语言或所属国家、地区(人或语言)的”China(中国

14、) Chinese中国人、汉语、中国(人)的Japan(日本) Japanese日本人、日语、日本(人)的England(英国) Englishman 英国人、英国男人Englishwoman 英国女人English 英语(的),英国(人)的America (美国 /洲) American 美国 /洲人、美国(英)语、美国(人)的Australia (澳大利亚、澳洲)Australian 澳大利亚人、澳大利亚(人)的India(印度) Indian 印第安人、印第安语、印度的、印第安人的Russia(俄罗斯) Russian俄国人、俄国的Canada(加拿大) Canadian加拿大人、加拿大

15、(人)的France(法国) French法语(的)、法国(人)的Frenchman 法国男人 Frenchwoman 法国女人Germany(德国) German 德语(的)、德国(人)的Asia(亚洲) Asian 亚洲人、亚洲(人)的Africa (非洲) African 非洲人、非洲(人)的Europe(欧洲) European 欧洲人、欧洲(人)的【例题精讲】例 1.This morning I met severalat the library.(Germany) Germans例 2.Jack only offered a partial _ for his lateness f

16、or class. (explain) explanation例 3.You willif you try your best to overcome the difficulties.(success)succeed例 4. Reading as many English books as we can _ us to learn western culture well. (able)enable 例 5. David is said to be a(an) _child because he graduated from college at 11.(usual) unusual例 6.

17、 The family had a _ trip to Beijing during the eight-day holiday.(pleasure)pleasant教育资源教育资源例 7. Many_ Chinese paintings are on exhibition in China Pavilion. (tradition)traditional【课堂练习】A: 名词后加 “y”变成形容词并写出中文意思。sun-_()wind -_()cloud-_()rain -_()snow -_()fun-_ ()health-_()noise-_()salt-_()tourist-_()lu

18、ck -_()sleep-_()sand -_()B: 名词后加 “-full ” “ -less”变成形容词并写出中文意思。care -_()_()use-_()_()colour-_()_()help-_()_()hope -_()_()harm -_()_()success-_()wonder-_()peace-_()home-_()C: 名词后加 “-ern”变成形容词并写出中文意思。east-_()west -_()south-_()north-_()D: 名词后加 “-al ”变成形容词并写出中文意思。person-_()education-_()tradition-_()medi

19、cine-_()music -_()E: 名词后加 “ -ed”变成形容词并写出中文意思。talent-_()balance-_()教育资源教育资源F:名词后加 “ -ly ”变成形容词并写出中文意思。friend-_()love-_()G: 名词后加 “-ous”变成形容词并写出中文意思。danger-_()mystery-_()动词变名词work-_( 工作者 ) sing-_( 歌手 ) teach-_(教师 )drive-_( 司机 ) write-_( 作家 ) dance-_(舞蹈家 )win-_( 获胜者 ) run-_( 赛跑者 ) swim-_( 游泳者 )act-_(演员

20、) collect-_( 收藏家 ) direct-_( 主管 )visit-_( 参观者 ) invent-_( 发明家 ) translate-_(翻译家 )educate-_(教育 ) describe-_(描述 ) predit-_( 预言 )collect-_( 收藏 ) invent-_( 发明 ) build-_( 建筑物 )mean-_(意思 ) meet-_(会议 ) cross-_(路口 )turn-_( 转弯处 ) decide-_(决定 ) die-_( 死亡 )fly-_( 飞行 ) know-_( 知识 ) please-_(高兴 )pronounce-_(发音 )

21、 mix-_( 混合物 )动词变形容词please-_(令人高兴的 )-_( 感到高兴的 )surprise-_(令人惊讶的的 ) -_( 感到惊讶的 )excite-_( 令人兴奋的 ) -_( 感到兴奋的 )interest-_(令人感兴趣的 )-_( 感兴趣的 )worry-_( 令人担忧的 ) -_( 感到担忧的 )形容词的变化。A: 形容词变副词并写出中文意思。quick-_()strong-_()heavy-_()angry-_()happy-_()lucky-_()healthy-_()noisy-_()usual-_()careful-_()real-_()successful

22、-_()terrible-_()possible-_()教育资源教育资源B: 形容词变名词并写出中文意思。kind-_()happy-_()ill-_()safe-_()confident-_()important-_()different-_()true-_()high-_()知识点二、转化法【知识梳理】一个单词由一种词类转化为另一种词类,这种构词法教转化法。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义密切联系。show( n.展览、展示) show( v.表演、展出),water(n.水) water( v.浇水),slow( adj.慢的) slow ( v.放慢),walk ( v.散步、走) t

23、ake a walk( n.散步),rest(v.休息) take a rest(n.休息),look( v.看) have a look( n.看一下,看一看),store( n.商店) store( v.储存),graduate( v.毕业生) graduate( v.毕业),taste( n.味道) taste(味道;鉴赏力),sound(n.声音) sound(v.听起来),light ( n.光线) light (v.点燃),study(v.学习;研究) study( n.学习;研究),smell(n.嗅觉;气味) smell ( v.闻),fool (n.愚人) fool (愚弄)

24、,kid( n.小孩) kid( v.开玩笑;戏弄),land( n.陆地) land( v.着陆),display(n.陈列;展览) display (v.陈列;展览),smile(n.微笑) smile( v.微笑),waste(n.浪费;废弃物)waste( v.浪费),lock( n.锁) lock( v.锁住),book( n.书) book( v.预定),【例题精讲】例 1.例 2.教育资源教育资源【课堂练习】1.2.知识点三、合成法【知识梳理】把两个或两个以上单词合称为一个单词,这种构词法叫做合成法。1)合成名词构成方式例词名词名词weekend 周末名词动词daybreak 黎

25、明名词动名词handwriting 书法名词及物动词er/or pain-killer 止疼名词介词名词editor-in-chief 总编辑代词名词 she-wolf_动词名词typewriter 打字机动名词名词reading-room_现在分词名词flying-fish 飞鱼形容词名词gentleman_副词动词outbreak 爆发介词名词afternoon 下午2)合成形容词名词形容词snow-white_名词现在分词_讲英语的名词 to名词 face-to-face_名词过去分词man-made_数词名词one-way 单行的数词名词形容词_两岁的数词名词 ed five-stor

26、eyed_形容词形容词light-blue 浅蓝色的形容词现在分词good-looking ( 相貌 )好看的介词名词downhill 下坡的副词形容词ever-green 常青的副词现在分词 _勤劳的副词过去分词well-known 著名的副词名词fast-food 专门提供快餐服务的3)合成动词名词动词sleep-walk_形容词动词white-wash 粉刷副词动词overthrow 推翻4)合成副词形容词名词hotfoot 匆忙地形容词副词_到处副词副词_尽管如此介词名词beforehand事先介词副词_永远5)合成代词代词宾格 self herself 她自己物主代词 self my

27、self 我自己形容词名词anything 任何东西教育资源教育资源6)合成介词副词名词_在 里面介词副词within 在 之内副词介词into 进入【例题精讲】例 1.例 2.【课堂练习】词转易错题I. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用所给单词的适当形式完成句子):1. Would you mind making a little less _? They are having a meeting at the moment. (noisy)2. The Smiths live on the

28、 _ floor. (nine)3. All the great _ are respected(尊敬) by the world. (invent)4. I ll do my homework more _ next time. (care)5.When you study a foreign language, it s important to make a good _. (begin)6. Everyone knows such kind of books is _ to children. They shouldn bet sold at any bookstore. (harm)

29、7. In the past punishment(惩罚) was decided by the university. The student had no _ but to accept it. (choose)8. The _ Lesson is very difficult but very important. You must learn it by heart.(twelve)9. They looked very _ in the idea. (interest)10. After they got on the bus, they found two _. (sit)11.

30、Help _ to the fish, everyone. (you)12. What we have had is just part of the truth. We should try to get _ information about it. (far)13. A _ sight stopped them from going forward. (frighten)14. He seemed very _. He got a D in the English test. (happy)15. Before you start this work, you should try to

31、 realize its _. (important)16. March 8 is _ Day. (woman)17. This book belongs to you. Where is _? (me)18. The visitors are _ students. (main)19.Do you know about theof the book? (write)20.Can you show me yourof coins? (collect)21. To my _, I got full marks for maths last week. (surprised)22. In this

32、 new housing estate there stand a lot of high and magnificent _. (build)23. In winter, most of the rivers and lakes are _. It becomes a world of ice. (freeze)教育资源教育资源24.Do you know who is the _ of the English contest? (win)25.Peter is very _. I m sure he will come to take care of your baby when he s

33、 asked to.26. The Yangtze River is the _ longest river in the world. (three)27. _ to meet all of you here. (please)28. Now more and more gardens are being built in our _. (neighbour)29. It s very important for us to learn English _. (good)30. Both our teacher and my mother are satisfied with my _. (

34、honest)31. Oliver Twist ate the cake _. (hungry)32. Of all the boys, Li Ming studies _. (hard)33. We are all pleased to hear that the _ went on very well. ( operate)34. The children in this kindergarten have been trained to take care of _ though they are only six years old. (they)35.Could you tell m

35、e who will give us a _ on children s education? (speak)36.These modern machines work. (automatic)37. This cartoon film is _ than the one I saw last Saturday. (fun)38. Will you please tell me how much the _ is? (post)39. The twin sisters used to be _ in Hollywood. (act)40. Actions speak morethan word

36、s. (loud)41. I am _ about my schoolwork because I haven't worked hard this term. (worry)42. Your pet dog is so _ that all of us like to play with it. (love)43. It has been snowingfor a whole day. (heavy)44. We have been told the _ of the case. (true)45. Have you made your _ yet? (decide)46. Peop

37、le from Italy are called _. (Italy)47. I _ where he comes from. (wonderful)48. The weather in April is _, so you d better take more clothes with you. (change)49. Ferries come and go on the river as _ as boats. (quick)50. Listen, everybody, we will meet at the _ of the cinema at 4 pm. (enter)51. You

38、cannot eat so much fast food, because it is _. (health)52. It is reported that three _ have been put into prison. (Canada)53. Time flies _ and never returns. (swift)54. Do English people shake hands as often as _? (Germany)55. We all know that there s nothing on the moon. (live)56. In order to make

39、the trip _ for his children, Mr. Green kept the name of the destination 目(的地 ) a secret. (excite)教育资源教育资源57. A _ team from China will arrive in America next week. (medicine)58. This morning I lost my handbag and this afternoon I fell off my bike and broke my leg. I think it is an_ day. (luck)59. Man

40、y students are not able to pay their college _. (expensive)60. British people eat a large number of. (potato)61. She seems an _ girl. (honesty)62. We tried all sorts of _, but they were all useless. (medical)63. The digital (数码 ) camera is one of the _ of the modern science. (wonderfully)64. I would

41、n t do business with such a _ man. (fool)65. Carl looks much _ than before. (health)66. I was _ to meet Jane in a foreign country. (surprise)67. The mother was _ to the brave man who had saved her son. (thank)68. I happened to meet a group of _ on my way home yesterday. (France)69. The little boy can run a marathon in _ than three hours

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