浅谈中考句型转换的复习

1、浅谈中考句型转换的复习  每年中考英语试卷上都有占1015的句型转换题目，该题型也是平时每次综合性考试卷上的常客。句型转换题目形式变化多样，解法既“死”又“活”，涉及的知识面也较广。因此，教师在平时的教学复习过程中应着实训练，狠抓基础，突了技巧的指导和训练。只有这样，才会使学生较好地掌握该题型的变化，提高解答该题型的准确率，确保整个考试得高分。下面谈谈笔者在几年中考复习中具体体会和做法，仅供大家参考。 一、抓基本句型转换的技巧，打扎实句型转换的基础： 在句型转换类型中，否定句和一般疑问句的改写也许是最基本的转换，掌握好该类型的转换，有助于解决其他几种疑问句的变化。因此，必须首先把关。

2、 1.由含助动词的转换入手，掌握否定句和一般疑问句的变化： 例： They are having sports there,too.<改否定句> They aren't having sports there,either. He will write to his friend.<改一般疑问句> Will he write to his friend? 此类含系动词be、助动词及情态动词的变化，改否定句只要在其后加not；改一般疑问句常采用“调、变、加”的三步来完成， 即：将助动词“调”到主语的前面，一般在句子的开头，“变”大小写；“加”问号就可以了。 2.不

3、含助动词的变化，即含有行为动的类型。转换时首先要找准行为动词，根据行为动词的形式加适当的助动词。一般情况下，行为动词原形加助动词do,三单式加助动词does, 过去式加助动词did，但必须注意：行为动词三单式、过去式，在加了助动词does、did 以后必须还原成行为动词原形，然后再转换。 例：He reads English in the morning. 改否定句: He doesn't read Enhlish in the morning. 改一般疑问句: Does he read Englih in the morning?此句中reads 为行为动词三单式，加了助动词does

4、 以后得还原成“read”。 一般情况下，改否定句时，助动词+not可以直接加在主语之后，改一 般疑问句时可将助动词直接在主语的前面，变大小写，再加问号， “加、 变、加”。 例：Mike saw the film last nitht. 改否定句 Mike didn't see the film last night. 改一般疑问句 Did Mike see the film last night? 二、“代、变、移”三步曲是解决对划线部分提问的有效方法。 对划线部分提问即变为特殊疑问句。要掌握这变化，首先应明确除了对主语划线提问外，大多数结构为“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?”构成。因此

5、，采用“代、变、移”的方法可以有把握地解决该转换。 例：They are singing and dancing under the tree.(提问) (1)理解句子，明确划线部分是对什么提问，正确选定特殊疑问词。 此句中对“地方”提问选用“where”代入划线部分。 Are they singing and dancing where ? (2)再将代入的特殊疑问词移到句子开头。 Where are they singing and dancing? 例：Tom often reads newspapers at home in the evening. (1) (2) (3) (4) (

6、分别提问) 象这样有几个层次的划线部分提问要分别对待，切忌混在一起，一并入 手。应根据划线部分分别选定特殊疑问词，再“代、变、移”逐一解决。 (1)用who代入，划线部分是对主语“人”提问，代入后语序不变。 Who often reads newspapers at home in the evening? (2)用what代入，划线部分是动词后的名词提问： 代：Tom often reads what at home in the evening. 变：Does Tom often read what at home in the evening? 移：What does Tom often

7、 read at home in the evening? (3)用where代入，划线部分对地点状语提问。 Where does Tom often read newspaper in the evening? (4)用when代入，划线部分对时间状语提问。 When does Tom often read newspaper at home? 必须注意：加助动词的类型中，have短语和do 短语必须当作行为 动词来处理，切勿当作助动词来直接转换。 例：Jim has lunch at school.(提问) where does Jim have lunch? Li Hua did ver

8、y well in his English exam.(改一般疑问问) Did Li Hua do very well in his English exam? 上述例句中has lunch的has是行为动词三单式；did very wel in 的did是行为动词的过去式，变化时必须加助动词进行。 三、掌握句子结构和一定词汇短语是进行按要改写或同义改写的 前提。 掌握各种句子结构是按要求改写句子结构的前提。 例如：反意疑问句的变化，应该明确由两部分组成，前为一句陈述句，后面为一句生简略疑问顺；前面是肯定，后面要用否定，反之产面为否定，后面要用肯定。感叹句的改写，应该明确感叹句由how或 wh

9、at引导，How对形容词或副词感叹，what对名词或名词短语来感叹。选择疑问句的改写，必须注意用or一连接两个或最后两人选择对象，且为问句，否则就无法转换。 例：1.完成反决疑问句： She is a good student,isn't she ? Tom doesn't often talk too much, does he ? They have no chance to go there, do they ? 2.改为感叹句： They are working very hard there. How hard they are working there ! It

10、is a very interesting story. What an interesting story it is ! How interesting the story is ! 3.改成选择疑问句： Is tis bood in your bag ? Is this bood in your desk? 合并 Is this bood in your bag or in your desk? 再如：宾语从句的连句改写，主动语态变为被动语态等转换，应抓住本质的东西，即宾语从句必须考虑连接词、时态、语序三要素，要全面兼顾。而主动语态变为被动语态时，先要找到动作的承受者即宾语，且提前作主语

11、，再把主动结构变成被动结构，就基本完成。 例：Does she like drawing? Iwanted to know. 合并： I wanted to know ifshe liked drawing. They often play football in the afternoon. 改被动语态 Footbll is often played (by them)in the afternon. 由此例句可得：   主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 (执行者) (主动) (承受者)   时态、句子结构不变   被动语态 主语 谓语

12、（by短语） (承受者) (被动结构be+p.p.) (by+执行者) 又如：在按要求进行句子结构改写或同义改写掌握结构之间的联系或同义结构或同义词语的表达是十分重要的。 例that复合句结构改为简单句。 若：sothat+肯定从句,则与enough (for sb)to do 有关： He is so old that he can join the army. He is old enough to join the army. The question is so easy that I can answer it. The question is easy enough for me

13、to answer. 若：sothat+否定从句，则与too (for sb) to do.结构有关。 The child is so young that he can't go to school. The child is too young to go to school. The box is so strong that she can't open it. The box is too strong for her to open. 例2.They all had a good time in the park last Sunday.同义改写 They all enjoyed themselves in the park last Sunday. They all had a wonderful/nice time in the park last Sunday. It took teh workers half