05语篇理解类：阅读理解之七选五阅读-2020年暑假新高三英语增分专项突破+题型特训

1、2020年暑假新高三英语增分专项突破+题型特训05语篇理解类：阅读理解之七选五考试大纲要求考纲解读给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章， 对应有七个选项，要求考生根据 文章结构、内容，选择正确的句 子，填入相应的空白处。考查考生的逻辑思维 能力，也就是对上下 文之间、层次之间逻 辑关系的判断能力。主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及 上下文逻辑的理解和掌握。 选项特点：主旨概 括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结 构）、注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）。一、考试大纲对阅读理解的主要要求1. 掌握所读文章的主旨和大意以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节；2. 既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念；3. 既理

2、解字面意思，也理解根据字面意思可以推断出来的没有明确说出的深沉含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；4. 既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断；5. 既能根据文章所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生自己应有的常识去理解。二、考试大纲对阅读理解七选五的要求试卷中题干表述如下：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。阅读理解七选五，即给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入 文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文

3、章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题 形式深受阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了新课标“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用 英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。七选五和传统题型完型填空有些类似，虽然完型填空题考查 的是词汇层面，七选五考查的是句子层面，但是它们的考查方式是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行 文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共同之处。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。从考试说明对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体

4、内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意 义的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(文 章结构)和注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如 主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文 脱节等。三、阅读理解七选五题型的特点1. 符合英语课程标准中“提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力”的要求和普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明中“如果希望准确、深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。”的要求。如

5、果说通常意义上的高考英语完形填空题是词法和句法范围内的考查，它是语言表达的基本单位，属于语言的组织规律，那么阅 读填空题就是章法范围内的考查，是语言使用的范畴，属于言语的组织规律，简单地说，前者侧重语言的 结构一语法，而后者侧重语言的使用 一章法。2. 注重考查学生的逻辑思维能力。阅读本质就是一种理解、吸收、鉴赏、评价文章的思维过程，新题 型不但要求考生具备词汇、句子、语段、语篇等方面的知识，而且要有辨证、综合、分析、归纳方面的逻 辑思维能力，是阅读的深层理解，也是阅读的核心和关键。3. 题材新颖，具有浓厚的时代气息和较高的真实性，与学生的学习经历和生活经历相适应，与新课程 理念下的高考改革走

6、向相适应，与高中英语教学实际相适应，遵循了英语课程标准的评价理念，保证了试题的效度、信度、真实性和公平性原则。应试技巧根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略1. 如果空白在段首(1) 通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找 同义词或其他相关词，从而推断出主题句。(2) 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文的第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。(3) 段落间的过渡句。这时要 前瞻后望，阅读上一段的结尾部分，并结合下一段的内容，将所选的答案代入，看其是否能 承上启下，将两段内容连起来。2. 如果

7、空白在段尾重点阅读空白前的一两句以锁定关键词。(2) 通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，选项中也可发现前文的同义词、句。(3) 与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。(4) 与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是要补全说明本段主题的其他细节，在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文 类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。前句与正确答案的第 一句是紧密相连的，要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句。(5) 所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的

8、关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头 是否有一定的衔接。(6) 如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。3. 如果空白构成一整个自然段(1) 这个段落应该起承上启下的作用，而且自成一体，即有一个段落的中心，因此可重点阅读较长的选 项，以此类推，直至找到正确答案。(2) 着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句，寻找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后一段开头，因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更重要。(3) 分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内 容连贯，符合逻辑，即为正确答案。2020年，全国卷I ,七选五阅读A FeW TiPS for S

9、eIf-ACCePta nceWe all Wantit to accept and love ourselves. BUt at times it SeemS too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Here ' a han dful of WayS that will Set you in the right direct ion. 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel no t-good-e no ugh. Why do you follow them? Are you hopin

10、g that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? KnoW that your life is your own;you are the Only you in this world. FOrgiVe yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are ofte n ashamed of our ShOrtCO min gs, our mistakes and OUr failures. 38 YoU WiIl make mistak

11、es, time and time again. Rather than getting CaUght UP in how you could have done better, Why not offer yourself a COmPaSSiOnate （ 有同情心 ）response? " That didn ' t go as planned. But, I tried my best. H Recog nize all of your Stre ngths. Write them dow n in a journ al. Begi n to train your b

12、rain to look at S tren gthbefore Weak ness. LiSt all of your accomplishme nts and achieveme nts. You have a job, earned your degree, and yougot out of bed today. 39 Now that you ' Ve IiSted your Stre ngths, list your imperfect ions. TUrn the Page in your journ al. PUt inWordsWhy you feel Un wort

13、hy, Why you don' t feel good eno ugh. Now, read these words back to you4Stelf. TUrnto a Page in your journal to your list of Stre ngths and achieveme nts. See how awesome you are?A. Feeli ng UPSet aga in?B. Where do you start?C. Nothing is too small to CeIebrate.D. Remember, you are Only huma n.

14、E. Set an inten ti On for self-accepta nce.F. Stop COmPari ng yourself With others.G. When does the COmPariS On game start?【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. C 40. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。36. 根据题目 A FeW TiPS for Self-acceptance及下文的 Here's a handful of WayS that will Set you in the rightdirection.（这有

15、很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。）可知，选项B. Where do you start?（从哪里开始那？）最合下文语境，故选 B项。37. 根据下文 Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? KnoWthat your life is your ow n; you are the Onlyone in this world.（你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。）可知，本

16、段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop COmParing yourselfWith OtherS.（停止把自己和别人进行比较。）可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。38. 根据本文的中心句 FOrgiVe yourself for mistakes that you have made.（原谅自己所犯的错误。 ）及下文的 YoUwill make mistakes, time and time again.（ 你会一次又一次地犯错误。）可知，选项 D. Remember, you are Onlyhuman.（记住，你只是个人。）与上下文

17、衔接最好，故选 D项。39. 根据上文 LiSt all Of your accomplishments and achievements. YoU have a job, earned your degree, and you gotout of bed today.（列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。）可知，选项C. Nothingis too small to CeIebrate.（没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。）与上文衔接最好，故选C项。40. 结合上文 PUt into words Why you feel Un worthy, Why you don

18、9;t feel good eno ugh. Now, read these words backto yourself.（用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。 现在，自己读一下这些话。）禾口下文的 TUrn to a Page in your journal to your list of Strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?（ 翻 到你日记本上记下你的有点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？）可知，选项A. Feeling UPSet again?（再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？）最合上下文语境，故选 A项。1

19、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。KeyS to a Good FamiIy LifeIn POSterS and ads We ofte n See PiCtUreS of happy families, but family life is not all SmiIeS and IaUghter. All families are different and have problems, but you Can make your family life better With hard work and determi natio n. L

20、SPend time together as a family. Some people are too busy for family time. You have to Set aside time XUe to pla n and SPe nd SPeCiaI times together. 2. Make the Con VerSati On around ke the table PIeaSa nt and Cari ng; maybe ask each PerS On how their day WaS or What is happe ning wang in their sch

21、ool or work life. Doing household ChOreS together also helps.3. Allow members of your family to express their OWn feelings and ideas. Maintain eye Contact and don ' t in terrupt Whe n some One is talk ing. LiSte n CarefUIly to What they are Say ing, before you judge or disagree. Heari ng some On

22、e else, and being heard by that PerS on, is the foun dati On Of a good relati On ship. 4. Try not to be angry at someOne' S OPinions. EVen if you think that they are Wrong, Iisten With an OPen mind to show that you Care - and remember that no one is perfect.Meet each other ' S needs. GiVe ti

23、me to eacheved/ One of your family members. KnoW What is going on in their lives and What they n eed help with. 5. JI they n eed help With SOmeth ing, Set aside time to do so. To be aware of your family members' emoti Onaland PhySiCaI n eeds, you n eed to com muni cate.A. L iste n to their probl

24、ems.B. Try appl ying the follow ing steps.C. AIIow each PerS On to be an in dividual.D. So these StePS will help you all get On well.E. Respect your family members' feeli ngs and ideas.F. Every day it should be eating at least One meal together.G. Each family member has his or her OWnoPinionS or

25、 SUggeSti ons.2根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HaVe you ever had times questiOning yourself and feeling discouraged? If you anSWer yes, What you ' Ve experie need is n egative self-talk. 6. You Say to yourself Un true things like, “ I ' nmt good eno ugh. I m a disappointment.” TheSe

26、 false beliefs stop US in OUr tracks. So, how do you stop the negative self-talk?LKnoW you ' re special. You are“ One Of aTKr is noother PerSOn that thinks exactly like you. Whenyou begin to SinCerely believe how SPe cial you are, it' S easier to fight the negative self-talk.?Cha nge your as

27、sociati OnSYour negative self-talk comes from your environment. You didn' t just accidentally Wake UP One day thinkof bad things about yourself. It may be because some one, SOmeWhere in your life has told you n egative things about you and Whether you accept it or not, you believe them. However,

28、 if you SUrrOUnd yourself With the right people,they will build you up, inSPire you and make you feel better. 8._?Cha nge your dialogueRead and Say all the Won derful thi ngs about yourself at least 5 times Per day. Look at yourself in the mirrorand say, "I am amazing9.， and you ' ll believ

29、e you are awesome Pretty soon.Of course, there are other things to stop negative self- talk. 10., but if you are determined to think POSitiVeIy in every SitUation, that will bring a POSitiVe Change in your life.A. Th ink the Same WayB. Cha nge is not easyC. Cha nge your POSiti OnD. It begi ns in you

30、r brainE. Cha nge your State of mindF. You' ll Seek out the right pople to help Change your thoughtsG. You' Il Start to believe the great things they tell you little by little3根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CommUn icati On roadblocks are Very com mon. They occur Whe n two people ta

31、lk in SUCh a Way that n either One feels Un derstood.11.However, there are SeVeraI WayS to help in dividuals overcome roadblocks.Soften the startup. One of the skills to overcome communication roadblocks is to begin a conVerSation by Start ing With SOmeth ing positive, express ing appreciati On and

32、tak ing resp On SibiIity for thoughts and feeli ngs.12.For example, ''I Want to Stay more involved in making decisiOnS about money'' rather than "You never include me in finan cial decisi On s.''Make and receive repair attempts. Ano ther importa nt skill in OVerCo ming c

33、om muni Cati On roadblocks is Iearning to make and receive repair attempts. They are efforts to PreVe nt an in CreaS in gly n egative in teract ion from going any further.13.This is importa nt because Whe n Con flicts appear, We ofte n experie nce StreSS that Can affect our ability to think and reas

34、on, WhiCh Can lead to communication roadblocks. Taking time away from the conflict to calm dow n Can help US be more PrePared to discuss the issue.14.0VerComing communication roadblocks requires each Partner to take turns being the SPeaker and the liste ner so that each has a Cha nce to express them

35、selves effectively. The goal is not to solve a PartiCUIar problem, but rather to have a Safe and meanin gful discussi Onand to Un dersta nd each other's Point of view, WhiCh may lead to more effective com muni Cati on.Deali ng With com mun icati on roadblocks Can take large amounts of men tal, e

36、moti on al, and PhySiCaI en ergy.BUt Iearning and USing a few SimPIe skills Can inCreaSe POSitiVe communication With OtherS.15._A. Use effective SPeak ing and liste ning skills.B. Deal With roadblocks in com muni Cat ing With Part ners.C. Sometimes We Can take a break or make efforts to calm the Sit

37、Uation.D. They are not good for effective com mun icati On and ofte n deepe n the Con flicts.E. The opport Un ities for PerS Onaland relati On ShiP growth are well worth the effort.F. In additi on, Start ing the message in the first PerS on Can promote POSitiVe com muni Cati on.G. Recog nizing roadb

38、locks and tryi ng to com muni Cate effectively help POSitiVe in teractio ns.4根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eating healthy isn ' t always easy, but Committing to a healthy diet Can be the SmarteSt decisiOn you ever make. Why? Not OnlyCan eating Well make you look and feel better, it Ca

39、n also SaVe you money. 1 _PrOdUCtiVity Can be in creased. Like a car, your brain n eeds quality fuel to run efficie ntly. AS One will experience inCreaSed focus shortly after improving their diet With nutritious foods and SUPPIements, a higher worki ng PrOdUCtiVity is usually the outcome.It ben efit

40、s finance. If your employer PrOVideS health COVerage disco Un ts, CoUnt your bless in gs! You Can SaVe a ConSiderabIe amount of money through them. 17. By SimPIy SWitChing to a healthier diet and dropping a few PoUndS before you apply could Sig ni fica ntly lower your costs.18. What you eat has an i

41、mpact On your brain, in cludi ng the PartS that regulate mood. Maintaining StabIe blood SUgar through regular, PrOPer nutrition will help you feel better overall on most days. Foods rich in Vitamins and minerals, SeedS and fresh VegetabIeS for inStance, are associated With a lower risk of depression

42、, as are foods rich in Omega-3 fats.You Can Control your Weight better. More than half of the AmeriCans are OVerWeight or obese, and ObeSity Contributes to 1 in 5 AmeriCan deaths. SimPIe healthy ChOiCeS SUCh as replacing soda With water, choosing VegetabIeS in Stead of chips, and Orderi ng a Side sa

43、lad in place of FrenCh fries will not only help you lose weight, it also Can help you SaVe mon ey. 19.A relatively Ion ger life is expected. The Same diseases that make you feel bad and cost a lot of money may also decrease your life expecta ncy. Many StUdieS show a healthier diet relatively leads t

44、o a Ion ger life.Your body is your temple and you are housed in it, so treat it ni cely to whole nu trie nt foods that are good for it.20.A. A better mood is made possible.B. It will PreVe nt you from getti ng sick.C. In return your body will SerVe you better.D. There is no reas On not to eat a heal

45、thy diet.E. Here are SeVeraI top reas OnS to turn to a healthier diet.F. Besides, life in SUra nce cost is PartIy based On how healthy you are.G. A no rmal-weight PerS OnCan SaVe some $3,000 Per year On health care.When StreSS affects your sleep On a ni ghtly basis, it SetS you UP for a terrible ins

46、omnia （ 失眠） that forces you to turn to sleep ing PillS.21.探 Target （把作为目标）the enemy“ EVery night a couple of hours before bed, SitdOWn and make a list of all the problems you have to deal with,SayS DonnaArand, directo r of Kettering HOSPitaI Sleep DiSOrderS Center.“ NeXt to each item, Write a soluti

47、On oplan. 22. That way, if thoughts of your problems arise as you' re trying to sleep, you Can tell yourself,plan and I ' ll work On it tomorrow.“Bala nce your work and activities23. BUt a joint StUdy of 314 WOrkerS found that WOrkerS With higher levels of enjoyable activities SUCh as exerci

48、se, hobbies, and social activities, Were able not only to come back from workplace StreSS better tha n their always-On-the-job coworkers but also sleep much better tha n others.孤 Deal With lessFour of the top ten StreSSOrS We experie nce are related to mon ev.24. A nd how should We SPe nd it? GiVe n

49、 that, doesn ' it make SenSe that if We Want less and are SatiSfied With IeSS-Smaller houses, and SimPIer forms of tran SPOrtati on-OUr StreSS levels will go dow n?% GiVe a nod to a nap （打盹）It ' S doubly UnfortUnate that StreSS makes it hard to get to sleep because, ChemiCally SPeaking, the

50、antidot（对抗手段）to StreSS is sleep. There is a Way to deal With it.25. It ' S true that OnenaP of UP to 90 minutes between the hours of 1:00 and 4:00 P.M. during the day, will make people energetic again.A. That ' S by taking a nap.B. Here ' S how to SteP back from that state.C. Now there i

51、s some advice On how to keep en ergetic.D. When you re ready for bed, PUt the list by the bedroom door.E. It WaS reported recen tly that On-the-job StreSS has reached the worst levels.F. How Can We get it ?G. Does StreSS always in terrupt you?5根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LotS Of people

52、find it hard to get UP in the morning, and PUt the blame On the alarm clock. In fact, the key toeasy morning Wake-UP lies in resetting your body CIoCk.26. Here ' S how to make one.27.In order to make a Change, you need to deci de Why it ' S important. Do you Want to get UP in time to have br

53、eakfast With your family, get in some exercise, or just be better PrePared for your day? OnCe you are clear about your reas ons, tell your family or roommates about the Cha nge you Want to make. Rethink mornings. Now that you know Why you Want to Wake up, ConSider re-arranging your morning activitie

54、s. If you Want time to have breakfast With your family, SaVe some time the night before by Setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 28. That ' S a quarour more you could be sleeping if you bought a COffee maker With a timer. KeeP your sleep/ Wake SChedUIe On Weekends. If you' re tired out by Fr

55、iday night, sleeping in On SatUrdaycould SoUndWon derful. BUt compe nsat ing （ 补偿）on the Weeke nds actually feeds into your sleep in ess the follow ingweek, a rece nt StUdy found. 29. KeeP a record and evaluate it weekly. KeeP track of your efforts and Write down how you feel. After youtried a new m

56、ethod for a week, take a look at your record. 30. If not, take ano ther look at other methods you couldtry.A. Get a sleep SPeCialist.B. Find the ni ght motivatio n.C. A better pla n for sleep Can help.D. And Con Sider Sett ing a SeC Ond alarm.E. If the StePS you take are work ing, keep it up.F. Stic

57、k to your Set bedtime and Wake-UP time, no matter the day.G. RecOnSider the 15 minutes you SPend in Iine at the Caf to get coffee. e1【答案】1.B2.F3.E4.G5.A【解析】这是一篇选句填空。在海报和广告中，我们经常看到幸福家庭的照片，但家庭生活并不总是微笑 和笑声。每个家庭都是不同的，都有问题，但是你可以通过努力和决心让你的家庭生活得更好。文章主要 就如何让家庭生活变得更好提出了一些方法和建议。1.本句为第一段最后一句，有启示下文的作用，结合后文主要说明了

58、一些让家庭生活变得更好的方法。故你会开始逐渐地相信他们告诉你的美好的事情”衔接上文，符合语境。故选 G 项。选项 “尝试应用以下步骤 ”符合上下文语境，故选 B。2. 结合后文 Make the conversation around the table pleasant and caring; maybe ask each person how their day was or what is happening wang in their school or work life. 可知让餐桌上的谈话愉快而富有关怀；也许可以问问他 们今天过得怎么样，或者在学校或工作中发生了什么。由此可知，本句是在建议要每天和家人在一起吃饭， 让餐桌上的谈话愉快而富有关怀。故F选项 每天至少应该一起吃一顿饭 ”符合上下文语境，故选FO3. 根据后文 Allow members of your family to express their own feelings and ideas. 可知允许你的家人表达他们自己的感受和想法。由此可知，本句是在说明要尊重家人的感受和想法。故E选项尊重家人的感受和想法”符合上下文语境，故选EO4. 结合后文 Try not to be angry at someone' s opinions. Even if you t