形容词和副词及其练习

1、学习好资料欢迎下载第六章形容词和副词形容词，副词的用法及分类形容词的用法：在句子中作表语，定语和补语。作表语，系动词之后。例She is very beautiful.Something beautiful作定语，名词之前，不定代词之后例a beautiful girl.做补语，宾语之后。Make, find keep之后例 Listening to music makes us relaxed.听音乐使我很放松I find it difficult to learn English well.我发现学好英语很难He always keep the window open 他总是让窗户开着形容

2、词的分类：表语形容词（只可放在系动词之后）（如alone afraid, asleep, alive, ill, awake,等），定语形容词（名词前面，如lonely, slee py, living, sick等）31)2）Live alone 一个人生活 a lonely child 一个孤独的小孩 a lonely island 一个荒凉的小岛 be alive 活着 keep it alive 留活口 a living dog 一直活着的狗 be ill生病a sick person一个病小孩 Be asleep睡着 Sleepy child 一个瞌睡的小孩 副词的用法：可分为很多类

3、，在句子中做状语，不同的副词位置不同。如 时间副词：此类单词前面不可以加介词和冠词，往往置于句首或句末。例 today 今天 tonight 今晚 tomorrow 明天 the day after tomorrow 后天 yesterday 昨天 the day before yesterday 前天yesterday afternoon 昨天下午 tomorrow morning 明天早晨 this afternoon 今天下午（不 用 today）this week 本周 next week 下周 last year 上周 （last, this, next 前没有介词）3 years

4、agolater三年前、后（用于过去时）例He died 3 years old.他死于三年前。He has never been to that place。他从来没去过那个地方地点副词：此类单词前面不可以使用to和其他介词，后面也无需再加名词。例 here 在这里 there 在那里 somewhere某地 anywhere 某地 nowhere 没地方 everywhere =here and there处处outside外面inside里面 in在家里 out在外头 indoors在户内 outdoors 在户夕卜above 在上面 below 在下面 up 向上 down 向下 le

5、ft 左 right 右 around 周围 away 离开 back回 over结束 home家 near近far 远例come here来这里 go there去哪里 bring it here把它带到这里 take it there带到哪里I want to move somewhere quiet.我想搬到某个安静的地方3）方式副词：置于句末，修饰动词，副词大部分带ly的单词，例 beautifully 美丽的 carefully 细心地 carelessly 粗心的 com pl etely 完全的casually随便的 cheaply便宜的 differently不同的faithf

6、ully真诚的 normally正常的 particularly 特地的probably可能的 quickly迅速的now 现在 then那时 soon不久some day=one day 有朝一日 later on 后来（用于完成时）before以前clearly清楚的 loudly大声的 quietly安静的 seriously严肃的slowly慢慢地simply简单地 strongly坚定地 easily容易的early早late迟well好badly坏例 he listen to the teacher very carefully.他听老师听得很认真注意：有些单词不带ly也是副词，如

7、straight直的fast快的hard努力地well好的late迟有些单词带了 ly也不是副词，女0 friendly友好的lonely孤独的lovely可爱的lively生动的daily日常的4） 频率副词：（一般现在时的标志，被划线后用how often提问）always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never此匕类单词于系动词，助动词，情态动词之后，主要动词之前，every week, five days a week, once a week, twice a year , three times a month 此匕类单词置 于

8、句末。5） 程度副词：置于修饰形容词，副词之前，Pretty十分quite十分very非常terribly非常 really 真的 much too= too 太 so如此 a little=a bit 一点 mainly 主要的 mostly 多半6）逻辑连接副词和评注性副词a用于句首，且用逗号隔开的副词：sure确信 certainly当然，yes是的，no不，（用于回答一般疑问句）However然而 anyway无论如何first首先next下一步then然后Finally最后actually实际上in fact事实上 luckily幸运的是 seriously认真的说，to be ho

9、nest老实说to tell the truth说实话 例Luckily, he is not badly hurt .幸运的是，他受伤不严重。b用于句末的副词：alone 单独一together 一起，instead 相反，again 再一次，not -any more 不再，7） 疑问副词 where, when, why, how,疑问代词 what, which , who, whose区别：Where are you going?=Which city are you going to?你要去哪里？注意后面的介词to）8） 有些时间副词或地点副词也可以做定语（放在所修饰的名词之后），

10、例the weather today今天的天气the people there那里的人们9）介词和副词的区别：介词后有宾语，副词后没有宾语，例：in the desk在桌子里（介词）he is in他在家（副词）beautiful beautifully 美丽的 careless-carelessly粗 心的 casual-casually 随便的 exact-exactly 确切的 especially特别是 final-finally 最后的certain-certainly 确定的-当然 com plete com pletely 完全的 cheap cheaply 便宜的10）形容词变

11、副词（+ly） actual-actually 实际上 careful carefully 细心地 clear-clearly 清楚的 different-differently 不同的faithfully真诚的 gradually渐渐的loud-loudly大声的most-mostly大多数-大部分的normal-normally 正常的particular-particularly 特地的probably 可能的quick-quickly 迅速的 quiet quietly 安静的 recent-recently 最近的 realreally 真正的 sudden suddenly 突然的

12、serious seriously 严肃的special-specially 特 另U 的usual-usually 通常注：以下单词前后意思不一致hard-hardly努力地（副词），困难的（形容词）-几乎不near-nearly附近的-几乎heavy heavily 重的一大量的注：以y结尾的单词变y为i加，例easy-easily容易的 healthy-healthily 健康的 happy-happily 快乐的 lucky-luckily 幸运的 注：以e结尾的单词不去 e加ly,例Polite-politely 礼貌的地widewidely 广泛的wise wisely 明智的但下

13、列单词除外：comfortable comfortably 舒服的 possible-possibly可能的 probable probably 可能的 simple-simply 简单的terrible-terribly 糟糕的 true-truly 真的例 He works very hard,he hardly has no time to rest every day.他工作很辛苦，每天几乎没有休息的时间。相近形容词，副词及区别1011121314fast （速度快，跑的快，形容词，副词同形） quick/quickly （反应快，用时少） soon （不久以后，将来时的标志）例 Pl

14、 ease write to me soon.请速速回信He runs as fast as po ssible.他尽可能快点跑He has breakfast quickly.他匆忙吃了早饭spare 空余的，多余的（女0 in your spare time ） rest 剩余的（女0 the rest of thestudents） tired 累的 hungry 饿的 thirsty 口渴的 disabled 残疾的（blind 瞎的 deaf聋） medium中等的/ middle中间的/ central中心的/中央的He is of medium build 他中等身材 No.5

15、Middle school 五中lost丢失的（不可找回）missing失踪的（还可再找回）如 be lost=get lost迷路，在失物招领处 in the lost and found case ）著名的： well-known=famous （ be famous for 以 著名）紧张的：tense / stressed out / nervous8 昂贵的： dear （亲爱的） =expensive太多too much修饰不可数名词too many修饰复数名词太 much too修饰形容词副词例He has too much homework to do他有太多作业要做He ha

16、s too many things to do 他有太多事情要做He is much too heavy 他太胖了。非常very和very much, very修饰形容词和副词，置于形容词副词之前Very much = a lot,修饰动词，置于动词之后例 She is very beautiful.她非常漂亮。I like her very much.我很喜欢她oncetwice 和 twice a weekoncetwice用于完成时态句末，用how many times 提问twice a week用于一般现在时句末用How often提问I have been to Beijing t

17、wice. How many times have you been to Beijing? He goes to the movie once a week How often does he go to the movie. right away=at once 立刻 right now=at the present 现在only形容词（如the only person唯一的人），副词，仅仅 just副词仅仅，刚every day 每天，副词，句末be far away from 离远5-year-old形容词，五岁的every-day=daily日常的，形容词，句中 faraway形容词

18、，遥远的be 5 years old 五岁15clean up动词，清除clean-up名词，大扫除next下一个（形容词 this, that, next前不加任何单词，如last week上星期this week本周，next week下星期）下一步（副词，和 first,then,finally共同描述步骤，如 What did you do next?你接F来做什么来？）Pl ease read the following article. Please read the article below 请读下面的文章 不同161718following接下来的（形容词）below下面（副

19、词）注意 next month 和 the next monthnext month意思是下个月，将来时，the next month意思是从事情发生之后的下个月， 可能是过去。instead相反（副词置于句末）instead of而不是（介词，后接名词） rather than而不是 （连词，后接句子）也also （句中）too （肯定句句末，用逗号隔开）either （否定句句末，用逗号隔开）alone单独的（副词）lone ly孤独的，荒凉的（形容词）certainly （英式）sure （美式）of course 当然可以always 句中，all the time 句末perhaps

20、 / probably / maybe 畐U词may+ be/do 情态动词 + 动词原already肯定句句中 / yet否定句句末.1 am not sure yet我还不敢肯定 for instance后接句子，like后接名词或动名词，such as接名词luckily=fortunatelyaloud大声地，副词，如 readaloud loudly副词，大声地，有恶意1920212223242526当然：总是：也许：已经：例如：根本不：notat all / 没关系not at all 25 幸运的： enough够，作形容词时，放在名词之前，作副词时，放在形容词或副词之后例 He

21、 is old enough to go to school. He runs fast enough to catch the bus.He has enough money for a car/to buy a car.Two watermelons should be enough exactly 恰恰 specially 特意的 especially 尤其是 still 仍然 recently最近ever曾经already已经yet已经（以上五单词均是现在完成时的标志）形容词或副词的比较等级:原级：1）例2）例不进行比较，quite, very, rather, fairly, too

22、, so , kind of, enough 修饰原级He is a little bit heavy 他有点胖。甲乙程度相同或不同 ：as+原级+as, so+原级+as,（否定句）She is as beautiful as her mother.他和她妈妈一样漂亮（系动词+形容词）He does his homework as carefully as his sistei他 做作业和他妹妹一样仔细（动词 + 副词）结构：单音节词 +ermore+多音节词（有 er就不能再有 more）He is funnier than his brother.他比他哥幽默He is more car

23、eful than his brother.他比他哥细心判断：比较级：两者之间的比较，1）例2） a有连词than出现的陈述句，例 He is taller than meEnglish is more important than math.英语比数学更重要。b 有修饰词如 much ,many a lot ,a little, far, even,数词例-How are you feeling today? -much better, thanks.今天感觉如何？好多了English is much more impo rtant than math英语比数学重要的多I have much

24、 more money than you. 我的钱比你的多得多1 have many more friends than you.我的朋友比你多得多。（注意many和much在修饰比较级的不同，受后面名词的影响）He is 3 years older than me. He is 3 cm taller than me .c有两个备选项目的选择疑问句，如 Who is taller ,Tom or Tim? Tom is tallerWhich is more important ,money or health?钱和健康，哪个更重要？d句中已经有过一个比较级 ，例If you eat mor

25、e, you will be fatter如果你吃的更多，你就越畔 e有时候只能根据意思来揣测。例 1 I am sorry I am late. I should get here 10 minutes earlier.对不起我迟到了我该早到十分2 My grand pa told me a good story ,but I told a better one.我爷爷给我讲了一个好故事， 而我讲了一个更好的故事3 -Dad, would you pl ease drive faster?No hurry. we have enough time before theP lane takes

26、 of.爸爸，开车快点，不急在飞机起飞之前还有足够的时间4 I am surprised that John is only 25,1 thought he is older 我惊讶与约翰猜 25 岁，我愿意 为他更大一些，5 -Our school bus will leave at 8 o 'lock tomorrow. Don 'be late.校车明天八点出发，另U 迟到-Ok, I will be ten minutes earlier 好的我会早到十分钟的6-What do you think of his teaching ?-No one teaches bet

27、ter 你认为他教的怎样？没人 教的比他更好。7 -How was his trip to New York ? -It couldn 'be better.他的纽约之行如何，好的不能 再好了。4)例比较等级强调同类事物比较：My hair is longer than hers.我的头发比他的头发长The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. 北京天气要比上海天气冷The apples in this basket is bigger than those in that basket 这个篮子里的苹果要比那个 篮子里

28、的大.Green apples are better than red ones。绿苹果比红苹果好5)6)1)2)注意其他用法a越来越：比较级 and比较级例 He is taller and taller.他越来越高了She is more and more beautiful.她越来越漂亮了。b越就越：the+比较级，the+比较级例 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you ' make=if you are more careful, you 'l make fewer mistakes.你越纟田心，你犯的错误就越

29、少。 对比：He is taller than any other boy in his class.他比他班的任何其他男孩都高He is taller than any boy in my class.他比我班的任何一个男孩都高。最高级：三者或三者以上的比较，结构：单音节词+ est,多音节词前加most, 判断a 一般有in或of两种介词表示范围，例He is the tallest of all the boys.他是所有男孩中最高的He is the shortest in his class他 是他班最矮的b有定语从句的名词前的形容词。例He is the greatest pers

30、on I know.他是我所认识的最伟大的人。This is the best gift I have received.这是我所收到的最好的礼物c有三个或三个以上备选项目的问句中例 Who is the tallest ,Tom, Jim or Kate? 谁最高，汤姆，吉姆还是凯特？ Who is the busiest in your family?在你们家里谁最忙？d 句中已经有过一个最高级例 which radio sounds best? the smallest one.那个收音机听起来最好？最小的那个e序数词后加最高级及名词单数例 Yangzi River is the thi

31、rd longest river in the world.长江是世界第三大长河F one of之后加最高级及名词复数，例 English is one of the most important subjects.英语是最重要的学科之一Lincon is one of the greatest leaders in America.林肯是美国最伟大的总统之一 注意：形容词的最高级加the或者形容词性物主代词，副词的最高级不需要加the例 He likes playing soccer best.他最喜欢踢足球He runs fastest of all the boys.其他同义句：1) H

32、e is the same age as I=he is as old as 他和我一样大2) He is as tall as me=he is the same height as me他和我一样高3) He is taller than his brother.= His brother is shorter than him.他比他哥高4) He is younger than his brother.=His brother is older than him.他比他哥年轻5)English is more impo rtant than math.=math is less imp

33、o rtant than English. 英语比数 学重要 =math is not as important as English 数学不如英语重要。Tom is the tallest boy in his class=Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.汤姆是 他班最高的=汤姆比他班任何其他一个小孩都搞I like English best .=My favorite subject is English.我最喜欢的功课是英语No one teaches better than him.=He teaches best没 有人教的

34、比他更好 =他教的最好7）8）比较级和最高级加er/est的变化规则ACD直接加er/est B 去e加er/est变 y 为 i 力口 er/est （辅音字母 +y 结尾）如， busy,easy,funny,hangry,angry,双写加（以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节），只有下列六个单词bigger, redder, hotter, wetter, fatter, thinner不规则变化好 good/well-better-best 坏 bad/badly-worse-worst 许多 many/much-more-most 一点 little-less least 远 far-较

35、远 farther/further （意义深远）-最远 farthest/furthest 老的，旧的 old-较老的，较旧的older/elder （大哥）最老的最旧的 oldest/eldestI am better at English than my sister. （ good）。 =I like English better than math. （ well）。 He is older than me.他比我大。He is my elder brother.他是我的大哥more本身既是比较级，表示"更多”，也可和多音节词构成比较级，表示"更",mor

36、e than超过=over例I have more friends than you.我比你的朋友多（比较级）。English is more important than math.英语比数学重要（构成比较级）。most本身既是最高级，表示“最多”，也可和多音节词构成最高级，表示”，最”,它还有“大部分”之意He has the most friends in our class他在班上有最多的朋友。She is the most beautiful girl in the world.她是世界上最漂亮的女孩。 Most students do their homework every da

37、y.大部分学生每天做作业。注意:He is the same age as I am.He likes doing the same things as I do.He is as tall as I amHe has more friends than I do上述结构中的第二个as及than是连词，所以后面严格意义上说要用主格代词，尤其是谓语出现的时候。形容词反义词1）good东西好，nice品德好，东西好fine身体好，天气好great伟大的，好极，wonderful极好的，cool极好的，excellent卓越的，perfect完美的，super超级的，outstanding出色地-b

38、ad坏的，terrible糟糕的，well身体好，（形容词）well干得好-badly坏的（副词）better更好的-worse更糟的 best最好的-worst最糟的You don'tlook very well,what is wrong ?你看起来气色不好，怎么了？2）same同样地，similar相似的-different不同的，opposite相反的3)4)5)6)7)8)9)10)13)14)15)佝17)18)19)20)21)22)23)24)25)26)27)28)29)31)33)35)37)be the same as与相同， be different from

39、与不同 be similar to 与 相似， be opposite to与 相反 friendly/kind 友好的，polite 礼貌的-impolite 不礼貌的（to sb） kind 兼有"种类"之意（a kind of 一种 many kinds of 很多种 what kind of 哪种） kind of 有点儿=a little=a bit=a little bit short矮的-tall高的（指身高，树高，楼高）short短的-long长的quiet-noisy声音高低 low低的-high高的（指海拔高，温度高，价格高，飞的高） little可爱的

40、-huge巨大的，big大的 small小的-large大的（体积，人口，数字大小） old古老的，陈旧的，ancient古代的，traditional传统的，past过去的-modern现代的，present现在的now现在（副词） healthy/fit/well 健康的，strong 强壮的-weak 虚弱的，ill/sick 病的 unhealthy 不健康的 angry生气的sad悲伤地up set沮丧的unha ppy不高兴的-ha ppy/p leased/glad高兴地 dry干燥的，烘干（动词）-wet=humid潮湿的hot炎热的-cold寒冷的warm暖和的-cool凉爽

41、的beautiful漂亮的pretty漂亮的good-looking好看的cute可爱的lovely可爱的-ugly丑 overseas海外的，foreign 外国的-national民族的，free有空的-busy （ be busy doing）忙碌的quiet安静的-busy繁华的easy容易的-difficult=hard困难的 hard坚硬的-soft柔软的 right右面的-left左面的right正确的-wrong错误的alive活着的-dead死去的 living正活着的-dying快要死的 smart/clever 聪明的-foolish 愚蠢的，silly 傻的bright

42、expensive/dear 昂贵的-cheap/inexpensive 便宜的 light浅色的-dark深色的light轻的-heavy重的hard努力地（副词） right恰好的（副词） live-die 生-死（动词） 明亮的dear亲爱的，天哪 light 灯old旧的-new新的 old老的-young年轻的 old几岁的 awake醒着的-asleep睡着的wake醒来-sleep睡觉（动词）thin消瘦的-heavy=fat胖的 thin薄的-thick厚的less （不可数）/fewer （复数）较少的-more （不可数，复数）较多的 rich富有的，丰富的 一poor贫穷

43、的，贫瘠的poor可怜的Personal个人的-common 公共的personal个性化的fast （形容词，副词）/quick（ly）快的-slow/slowly慢的 open开着的-closed关着的 open开-close关 be far from 离远-be near/next/close to 离近 30） relaxed 放松的-nervous 紧张的 funny 风趣的-serious严肃的 dangerous 危险的-safe 安全的 white白色的-black黑色的 lazy-hard-working 懒惰的-勤奋的32） straight直的（形容词，副词） -curl

44、y弯曲的34） boring 无聊的-funny/interesting 有趣的36） early早的-late迟的（形容词，副词）副词反义词in-out 在里面 -在外面inside-outside在里面-在外面up-down 上-下 yes-no 是-不first-finally at first -at last first of all-in the end to begin with later on 起初一后来 now-before 现在-以前 ago - later以前-以后 here-there 这儿-那儿on-off 接 通电源-关掉 alone-together 单独-一起

45、 never-always 从不-总 是 at most-at least最多-最少below-above底下一上面(介词，畐U词)hardly 几乎不-almost= nearly 几乎形容词副词练习1. The air in the countrysideis,so many people from the city go there onweeke nds.A soft B p retty C fresh D delicious2. My dog is gen tle and n ever bites, so you n eed nA excited B frighte ned C sa

46、tisfied3. -Would you like to go out for a walk ? Good idea, and the TV p rograms are too_C in teresti ngD excit ing! -Yes, but it is very to climb itC tiri ngD surp rised? -OI can t stand it, there were too manyA scary B in teresti ng C great D terrible for him feo an swer these questio ns.A bori ng

47、 B won derful4. -How amaz ing the Great Wall isA tiredB sur prising5. How was your vacatio n in Shang Haipeople and the weather was too hott be6. He has read many books on history, so itA easy B hard C impo ssibleD serious7. PI ease be There is an imp orta nt meet ing in the n ext room.A quickly B q

48、uick C quietly D quiet8. My new n eighbor is so that he enjoys meet ing and talk ing to peopleA shy B outgo ing C Quiet D smart9. It is to liste n to light music whe n you feel tired.A dan gerousB scary C relax ingD difficult10. What fun The Croods is! Yeah! I like the movie, too. It's so.A. bor

49、i ngB. scaryC. in teresti ngD. sad11. Eagl e Father was sowith his son that he kept the four-year-old son running inthe snow without clothes. A. pl easedB. sorry C. careful D. strict12. What does your brother look like? He is.A. fine B. nice and frien dlyC. goodD. tall and han dsome13 . The Internet

50、 is really to us . We can easily find information on it .A. boringB. useful C. interesting14 . All the students are talking and laughing in the classroom and itA no isy B Ion elyC quiet D strict15.1 felt sorry that I dropped the juice on TinaA. excitedB. happyC. angry16 .My father doesn t like the c

51、olor of the ice because it is tooA dearB short's bed. But she wasnC thinat all.17. - The ball is small,but I canA goodB old18. -Whatdo you think ofwhe n he first started sp eak ing.19-Peter is ill in hos pitalto work so late every day!D dark't throve- Neaher can I, ItC heavyD dirtyhis speech

52、? Oh, wonderful,A aloud B worriedtOo £but his sound is reallyC quiet D n ervousI am not to hear that .1 have been telling him notA surp risedB sorryC sad D excited20. -The accide nt was really terribleYes ,it was. The young man on the bicycle was tooA carelessB careful Ccarefully21. I ' m r

53、eallybefore the competition.Take it easy. Sure you are the best.A. coolB. seriousC. n ervousD. p atie nt22. Mary is so she comes to you whe never youA. usefulB. carefulC. tha nkful23 . Linda ' s father hates waiting in long lines. I think heA. p atie ntB. tale ntedC. popu lar24. My sister is She

54、 likes making friends with others.A shy B quietC athletic D outgo ing25. My dog is very ,It ' s very safe to touch him if you want toA brave B smart C happy D frien dly26 Mr Wu,do you thi nk I can study En glish wwell if you work hard. A cleverB po ssible27. why do you turn dow n the radio? I am

55、 _A willi ng to B busy with C careful of28. Herried is lost and her parents are really _re in trouble.D. he Ipful's just not veryD. po werfulell? Yes, itC impo ssible D important waking the babyD afraid offor you to lear n itherA in terested in B afraid of C busy with D worried about29.If we continueto